西北干旱区孑遗濒危植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)叶绿体基因组特征研究及比较分析

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2019.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四合木（Tetraena mongolica）是我国特有的蒺藜科（Zygophyllaceae）强旱生小灌木，因其起源古老、抗逆性强，所以可作为生物多样性起源和环境演变研究的理想对象，具有重要的学术研究价值。本研究采用Illumina双末端测序技术对四合木叶绿体基因组进行建库测序和分析。选取蒺藜目及牻牛儿苗目共计30个物种叶绿体基因组，与四合木进行系统发育关系分析探讨。结果表明：四合木叶绿体基因组长度为106 259 bp，其中反向重复区（IR区中）有7种基因，包括4种PCG基因，3种tRNA基因。叶绿体基因组共编码98种基因，包括65种蛋白编码基因、29种tRNA基因与4种rRNA基因。生物信息学表明，在四合木中共搜到92个SSR位点，其中包括74个单核苷酸重复基序，7个二核苷酸重复基序，1个三核苷酸重复基序，9个四核苷酸重复基序和1个五核苷酸基序。没有发现六核苷酸，其中单核苷酸重复在四合木的叶绿体基因组SSR中占比为80.1%。通过MEGA软件采用近邻结合法（neighbor-joining，NJ）对四合木等31个物种的叶绿体基因组进行聚类分析，发现四合木与蒺藜科三齿拉雷亚灌木为最近的姐妹种，其次为牻牛儿苗科智利白桦植物亲缘关系较近，与牻牛儿苗科天竺葵属和牻牛儿苗科高桂花属亲缘关系最远，说明四合木属于蒺藜科物种，这对于四合木的研究等具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 四合木, 叶绿体基因组, 高通量测序, 系统发育关系

Abstract: Tetraena mongolica is a strong dry shrub of Zygophyllaceae plant, which is unique species in China. Because it's an ancient origin and strong resistance species, it can be an ideal target for the study of biodiversity origin, environmental evolution, and academics research value as usual. Illumina Double-end Sequencing Technology was used to sequence and analyzed the chloroplast genome of T.mongolica. A total of 30 species of chloroplast genomes were selected from the order of the genus and geranium, the phylogenetic relationship with T.mongolica was carried out. The chloroplast genome of T.mongolica was 106 259 bp in length, there were 7 genes in the inverted repeat region(in the IR region), including 4 PCG genes and 3 tRNA genes. Total chloroplast genome coding 98 genes, including 65 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Bioinformatics showed that 92 SSR loci were found in T.mongolica, including 74 single nucleotide repeat motifs, 7 dinucleotide repeat motifs, 1 trinucleotide repeat motif, 9 tetranucleotide repeat motifs and 1 pentanucleotide motif. There is no hexanucleotides and no single nucleotide glycosylate and the proportion of chloroplast genome SSR in T.mongolica was 80.1%. The chloroplast genome of 31 species including T.mongolica was clustered by MEGA software using neighbor-joining(NJ). The Larrea tridentate is the closest species, followed by the genus Viviania marifolia, which is closely related to the Pelargonium fulgidum. The genus Hypseocharis bilobata has the closest relationship, which indicates that T.mongolica belongs to the genus Polygonaceae, which has certain reference value for the study of T.mongolica.

Key words: Tetraena mongolica, chloroplast genome, high-throughput sequencing, phylogenetic relationship

中图分类号:

Q948

段义忠, 杜忠毓, 王海涛. 西北干旱区孑遗濒危植物四合木(Tetraena mongolica)叶绿体基因组特征研究及比较分析[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(5): 653-663.

DUAN Yi-Zhong, DU Zhong-Yu, WANG Hai-Tao. Chloroplast Genome Characteristics of Endangered Relict Plant Tetraena mongolica in the Arid Region of Northwest China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(5): 653-663.

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