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植物研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 344-348.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2010.03.016

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

濒危植物马蹄参的研究现状和濒危原因分析

王丽1;游章平2;徐翊3;张定亨4   

  1. 1.中南大学生物科学与技术学院,长沙 410013;2.南岭国家级自然保护区管理局,乳源 512727;3.鹅凰嶂自然保护区管理局,阳春 529631;4.花坪国家级自然保护区管理局,临桂 541100
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-05-20 发布日期:2010-05-20
  • 基金资助:
     

Research Status and Endangered Causes of Diplopanax stachyanthus

WANG Li;YOU Zhang-Ping;XU Yi;ZHANG Ding-Heng   

  1. 1.School of Biological Science and Technology,Central South University,Changsha 410013;2.Administration of Nanling State Nature Reserve,Ruyuan 512727;3.Administration of Ehuangzhang Nature Reserve,Yangchun 529631;4.Administration of Huaping State Nature Reserve,Lingui 541100
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-05-20 Published:2010-05-20
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 马蹄参(Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.Mazz.)隶属于五加科(Araliaceae)马蹄参属(Diplopanax),是我国Ⅱ级濒危保护植物和活化石植物,主要分布于我国南部湖南、广东、广西、云南、贵州五省温暖潮湿的中山山地。马蹄参常生于山地常绿阔叶林或常绿、针阔混交林中,成树构成乔木上层常见成分。其分布区的生态环境特征主要有:较高海拔、温暖潮湿、热量充足。马蹄参生长缓慢,一般30a生才开花结实。野外调查发现该植物濒危的主要原因有种子产量低、种子萌发率低、幼苗成活率低、种群缺乏竞争力和人为干扰等。针对马蹄参的濒危现状和原因,建议实施就地保护为主、迁地保护为辅的保护策略,最大限度地保存遗传基因。

关键词: 马蹄参, 濒危, 活化石植物, 保护

Abstract: Diplopanax stachyanthus, which belongs to the genus Diplopanax within the family Araliaceae, is a living fossil plant and listed among the Grade II State-Protected Endangered Plants. It is distributed mainly in warm and moist mountains in Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. D.stachyanthus often grows in the evergreen broad-leaved forest or the evergreen-boreal forest. The adult D.stachyanthus constitutes the main component of the tree layer. Its distribution areas are characterized by relatively higher altitudes, warm and moist climate, and sufficient heat energy. D.stachyanthus grows slowly and blooms and produces seed after 30 a growth. Our field surveys attributed its endangered status to a variety of factors, including low seed yield and germination rate, low survival rate of seedlings, low competitiveness of populations, and human disturbance. To preserve this endangered plant, we suggest the emphasis of any conservation effort should be placed upon in situ conservation, with ex situ measures as a supplementary choice, so as to preserve a maximum of its genetic diversity.

Key words: Diplopanax stachyanthus, endangered, living fossil plant, protection

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