Characteristics of Temperature Stratification on Germination Physiology and Metabolism of Acanthopanax senticosus Seeds at Different Stages

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the dormancy type and physiological and metabolic characteristics of Acanthopanax senticosus seeds during germination， the seeds from northeast China were treated with sand accumulation for 140 days under different temperature conditions（20 ℃， 4 ℃， 20 ℃/4 ℃） respectively. Five distinct stages were identified based on embryo phenotypic changes，and the dynamic changes in endogenous hormones， main nutrient substances and their hydrolases， antioxidant system， and metabolomics during these five stages were examined respectively. The results revealed that：（1）A. senticosus seeds exhibited good water absorption； while the constant temperature of 20 ℃ only promoted embryo elongation， but not germination. There was no increase in embryo rate at 4 ℃， and the embryo rate increased and the seeds germinated only when the temperature was maintained at 20 ℃ for 0-110 d and 4 ℃ for 110-140 d. （2）As the embryo growth rate increased， gibberellic acid content increased while abscisic acid content decreased. The levels of indoleacetic acid， indolebutyric acid， and naphthenic acetic acid all decreased. Fat content decreased while soluble sugar content increased. Fat content showed a significant negative correlation with lipohydrolase activity as well as a highly significant negative correlation with soluble sugar content. （3）A total of 92 differential metabolites were screened， and the carbon metabolism， energy metabolism， and antioxidant metabolism were the major differential metabolic pathways. Additionally， there were difference in sesquiterpene and triterpene biosynthesis， fatty acid biosynthesis and glyceride metabolism. In conclusion， seeds of A. senticosus were morphological and physiological dormancy， and variable temperature stratification was a necessary condition to break seed dormancy， and endogenous hormones might regulate seed dormancy and germination. Macromolecular nutrients such as fat were decomposed by hydrolases to provide material and energy for seed germination， which was also one of the necessary conditions for seed germination. This study provided theoretical guidance for identifying seed dormancy types and artificial propagation of A. senticosus.

Key words: Acanthopanax senticosus, dormancy, germination, variable temperature stratification, metabo-nomics, endogenous hormone

CLC Number:

R284.1

Yanjun REN, Xiaorui GUO, Zixuan YU, Kexin WU, Yu SUN, Ning CHEN, Qiaomu YOU, Kaixin XING. Characteristics of Temperature Stratification on Germination Physiology and Metabolism of Acanthopanax senticosus Seeds at Different Stages[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(4): 576-589.

Figures/Tables 11

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生理指标 Physiological indexes	胚率 Embryo rate	粗脂肪 Crude fat	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	脂肪水解酶 Lipase	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	蛋白质水解酶 Proteolytic enzyme	超氧阴离子产生速率 ROS generation rate	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD	过氧化氢酶 CAT	过氧化物酶 POD
胚率 Embryo rate	1	-0.801**	0.970**	0.437	-0.039	-0.702**	-0.478	0.747**	0.331	0.644**
粗脂肪 Crude fat		1	-0.797**	-0.607*	-0.308	0.307	0.469	-0.698**	-0.341	-0.348
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar			1	0.600*	0.114	-0.565*	-0.338	0.692**	0.181	0.727**
脂肪水解酶 Lipase				1	0.807**	0.111	0.332	0.106	-0.051	0.595*
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein					1	0.383	0.603*	-0.346	0.05	0.274
蛋白质水解酶 Proteolytic enzyme						1	0.336	-0.353	-0.655**	-0.545*
超氧阴离子产生速率 ROS generation rate							1	-0.832**	-0.149	0.253
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD								1	-0.033	0.103
过氧化氢酶 CAT									1	0.168
过氧化物酶 POD										1

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