Genetic Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in F1 Hybrids of Forsythia intermedia×F.mandschurica

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to clarify the genetic characteristics of main ornamental traits and cold resistance of Forsythia， the F₁ hybrid obtained from Forsythia intermedia ‘Lynwood’×F. mandschurica was taken as material. The 12 phenotypic traits such as corolla diameter， corolla lobe length and cold resistance were measured， and correlation analysis and mixed genetic model analysis of these traits were carried out. The results showed that F₁ population varies significantly and the new phenotypic traits precede parents. Except for corolla lobe length， corolla lobe width and leaf length， the coefficient of variation of other phenotypic traits was more than 15% respectively， reaching a medium level or above. There was a certain correlation between the phenotypic traits， and the cold resistance was significantly positively correlated with flower density， but was significantly negatively correlated with corolla diameter and crown width of the plant. Mixed genetic model analysis revealed that corolla lobe length， corolla lobe width， length-width ratio of corolla lobe， leaf length， leaf width， length-width ratio of leaf， shoot length， cold resistance were controlled by minor-polygene respectively； corolla diameter and crown width were controlled by a pair of additive-dominant major genes respectively； flower density was controlled by two pairs of additive-dominant major genes； plant height was controlled by two pairs of equally additive-dominant major genes. The heritability of major-gene for corolla diameter， crown width， flower density and plant height were 76.05%， 60.3%， 72.22% and 64.75%， respectively. This research results would provide a basis for target breeding of new varieties of Forsythia with excellent comprehensive traits.

Key words: Forsythia, phenotypic traits, interspecific hybridizing, genetic analysis

CLC Number:

S685.24

Yang XU, Yu-Tong WU, Zheng-Tian ZHAO, Jian-Shuang SHEN, Qi-Xiang ZHANG, Hui-Tang PAN. Genetic Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in F₁ Hybrids of Forsythia intermedia×F.mandschurica[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 344-353.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Fig.2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

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性状 Traits	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	变异系数 CV（%）
花冠口直径Corolla diameter(mm)	17.10	35.52	26.49	4.11	-0.28	-0.38	15.51
花裂片长度Corolla lobe length(mm)	13.88	25.55	20.39	2.31	0.02	-0.46	11.33
花裂片宽度Corolla lobe width(mm)	4.63	9.70	6.88	0.99	0.36	0.18	14.43
花裂片长宽比Length-width ratio of corolla lobe	1.72	4.40	3.02	0.50	0.29	0.07	16.59
着花密度(朵)Flower density	6.00	28.00	11.50	4.12	1.79	4.33	35.81
叶片长度Leaf length(cm)	4.61	10.93	8.05	1.10	-0.22	0.73	13.69
叶片宽度Leaf width(cm)	2.42	6.10	3.93	0.66	0.53	0.55	16.66
叶片长宽比Length-width ratio of leaf	1.40	3.07	2.08	0.32	0.46	-0.004	15.45
株高Plant height(cm)	65.32	278.26	182.21	46.85	-0.29	-0.61	25.71
冠幅Crown width(cm)	45.16	252.56	125.20	46.19	0.50	-0.54	36.89
当年生枝条长度Shoot length(cm)	2.03	16.83	8.63	2.52	0.02	0.68	29.16
抗寒性Cold resistance(℃)	-20.34	-8.13	-14.03	2.38	0.17	0.38	16.95

性状Traits	亲本 Parents			F₁代与亲本比较 Comparison between F₁ and parents (%)
性状Traits	母本 Maternal ♀	父本 Paternal ♂	中亲值 Mid-Parents ˉP	占中亲值 ˉX/ˉP	小于低亲 Less than the low parent	双亲之间 Between the parents	大于高亲 Greater than the high parent
花冠口直径Corolla diameter(mm)	31.58	29.01	30.30	87.43	74.80	13.39	11.81
花裂片长度Corolla lobe length(mm)	21.97	18.89	20.43	99.80	28.35	41.73	29.92
花裂片宽度Corolla lobe width(mm)	9.79	6.73	8.26	83.29	43.31	56.69	0.00
花裂片长宽比Length-width ratio of corolla lobe	2.24	2.81	2.53	119.37	4.72	30.71	64.57
着花密度(朵)Flower density	14.00	8.00	11.00	104.64	6.30	79.53	14.17
叶片长度Leaf length(cm)	8.14	11.25	9.70	82.99	51.91	48.09	0.00
叶片宽度Leaf width(cm)	3.61	6.22	4.92	79.88	33.59	66.41	0.00
叶片长宽比Length-width ratio of leaf	1.81	2.25	2.03	102.46	21.37	47.33	31.30
株高Plant height(cm)	306.67	171.33	239.00	76.24	40.00	60.00	0.00
冠幅Crown width(cm)	357.92	144.23	251.07	49.87	66.15	33.85	0.00
当年生枝条长度Shoot length(cm)	14.57	7.00	10.78	80.06	19.23	80.00	0.77
抗寒性Cold resistance(℃)	-14.20	-20.91	-17.56	79.90	0.00	48.89	51.11

性状Traits	X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7	X8	X9	X10	X11
X2	0.515^**	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
X3	0.364^**	0.162	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
X4	0.008	0.532^**	-0.735^**	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
X5	-0.244^**	-0.309^**	-0.172	-0.036	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
X6	0.095	0.262^**	0.086	0.096	-0.240^**	—	—	—	—	—	—
X7	-0.072	-0.047	0.01	-0.054	-0.012	0.502^**	—	—	—	—	—
X8	0.167	0.276^**	0.074	0.131	-0.209^*	0.378^**	-0.598^**	—	—	—	—
X9	0.197^*	0.276^**	0.147	0.049	-0.379^**	0.242^**	-0.002	0.214^*	—	—	—
X10	0.418^**	0.464^**	0.314^**	0.036	-0.472^**	0.136	-0.171	0.323^**	0.590^**	—	—
X11	0.092	0.095	0.042	0.021	-0.419^**	0.284^**	0.077	0.178^*	0.363^**	0.351^**	—
X12	-0.337^**	-0.187	-0.043	-0.048	0.286^**	-0.112	-0.171	0.093	-0.166	-0.293^**	-0.096

模型Model	X1	X2	X3	X4	X5	X6	X7	X8	X9	X10	X11	X12
0MG	722.209	576.213	361.691	187.571	723.213	400.286	263.961	77.246	1 372.108	1 368.449	611.819	414.335
1MG-AD	716.440	576.232	362.976	189.161	681.079	403.817	264.837	77.364	1 368.873	1 357.946	615.828	417.417
1MG-A	724.191	576.705	363.691	189.568	725.215	402.294	265.972	79.240	1 370.278	1 367.114	613.827	416.342
1MG-EAD	721.222	580.239	365.692	191.572	727.211	403.817	267.961	81.246	1 369.650	1 372.450	615.834	418.335
1MG-NCD	721.222	580.239	365.692	191.572	727.211	403.817	267.961	81.246	1 369.650	1 372.450	615.834	418.335
2MG-ADI	723.739	583.867	374.273	201.142	684.289	409.180	275.679	86.764	1 379.874	1 366.273	621.838	424.806
2MG-AD	720.440	580.232	366.977	193.162	679.721	407.817	266.471	78.786	1 372.871	1 361.942	619.828	418.974
2MG-A	726.180	578.590	365.696	191.568	727.215	404.294	267.986	81.236	1 370.795	1 364.430	615.828	418.342
2MG-EA	724.196	578.199	363.689	189.567	725.217	402.295	265.966	79.240	1 374.091	1 370.433	613.827	416.337
2MG-CD	721.229	580.226	365.692	191.573	727.211	403.831	267.962	81.247	1 368.962	1 372.450	615.832	418.336
2MG-EAD	721.346	578.226	363.692	189.573	725.211	401.853	265.962	79.247	1 367.682	1 370.450	613.832	416.337

性状Traits	模型Model	U₁²	U₂²	U₃²	_nW²	D_n
X1	1MG-AD	0.000 0（0.998 7）	0.000 0（0.997 9）	0.000 3（0.986 8）	0.030 6（P>0.05）	0.043 0（P>0.05）
X2	0MG	0.011 4（0.914 9）	0.010 0（0.920 4）	0.662 5（0.415 7）	0.123 2（P>0.05）	0.071 0（P>0.05）
X3	0MG	0.118 3（0.730 8）	0.211 3（0.645 7）	0.256 5（0.612 6）	0.083 0（P>0.05）	0.067 7（P>0.05）
X4	0MG	0.102 0（0.749 5）	0.125 0（0.723 7）	0.031 4（0.859 3）	0.087 9（P>0.05）	0.071 4（P>0.05）
X5	1MG-AD	0.017 7（0.894 2）	0.144 3（0.704 1）	1.008 1（0.315 4）	0.531 9（P<0.05）	0.154 5（P<0.05）
	2MG-ADI	0.006 9（0.933 7）	0.002 8（0.957 6）	0.012 0（0.912 8）	0.542 2（P<0.05）	0.154 1（P<0.05）
	2MG-AD	0.002 5（0.960 0）	0.022 4（0.880 9）	0.629 3（0.427 6）	0.534 1（P<0.05）	0.149 3（P<0.05）
X6	0MG	0.043 1（0.835 6）	0.003 5（0.952 8）	1.082 7（0.298 1）	0.100 6（P>0.05）	0.076 8（P>0.05）
X7	0MG	0.200 7（0.654 2）	0.207 8（0.648 5）	0.007 9（0.929 4）	0.119 9（P>0.05）	0.071 8（P>0.05）
X8	0MG	0.179 5（0.671 8）	0.101 4（0.750 2）	0.134 7（0.713 6）	0.075 6（P>0.05）	0.055 5（P>0.05）
X9	2MG-EAD	0.001 0（0.974 7）	0.012 7（0.910 2）	0.329 4（0.566 0）	0.033 7（P>0.05）	0.055 6（P>0.05）

Genetic Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in F₁ Hybrids of Forsythia intermedia×F.mandschurica

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性状Traits	一阶遗传参数 1st order inheritance parameters				二阶遗传参数 2nd order inheritance parameters
性状Traits	d_a(d)	d_b	h_a(h)	h_b	σ²_mg	h²_mg/%
X1	5.27		0.77		12.83	76.05
X5	4.99	2.58	-7.02	-0.91	12.28	72.22
X9	30.71				1 420.87	64.75
X10	40.48		-37.97		1 286.56	60.30

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[4]	Rui-Qing HE, Yun-Yao YANG, Zeng-Hui HU, Jing WU, Ping-Sheng LENG. Variation of Flower Phenotypic Traits on 195 Syringa oblata SeedSeedings Single Trees [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 213-220.
[5]	ZHANG Shan-Shan, KANG Hong-Mei, YANG Wen-Zhong. Population Genetic Analysis of Nyssa yunnanensis by Reduced-representation Sequencing Technique [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(6): 899-907.
[6]	GUO Wen-Li, LI Yi-Liang, ZHAO Fen-Cheng, TIE Jun, LIAO Fang-Yan, ZHONG Sui-Ying, LIN Chang-Ming, YE Wei-Fang. Phenotypic Genetic Diversity of Pinus elliottii×P.caribaea Morelet var. hondurensis Clones [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(2): 259-266.
[7]	ZHOU Li-Jun, YU Chao, CHANG Xiao, WAN Hui-Hua, LUO Le, PAN Hui-Tang, ZHANG Qi-Xiang. Variation Analysis of Phenotypic Traits in F₁ Population of Rosa spp [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(1): 131-138.
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[9]	LIU Yu-Ping, LÜ Ting, ZHU Di, ZHOU Yong-Hui, LIU Tao, SU Xu. Sequencing and Alignment Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of Littledalea tibetica,an Endemic Species from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(4): 518-525.
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[12]	DIAO Song-Feng;SHAO Wen-Hao;JIANG Jing-Min;DONG Ru-Xiang;LI Yan-Jie. Phenotypic Traits of Sapindus mukorossi* Seedling Population for Association Analysis [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(4): 458-464.
[13]	WANG Chen-Ying;ZHAO Jian-Cheng. Phylogenetic Position of the Genus Pohlia Hedw.:Evidence from the Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Region [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2010, 30(5): 517-526.
[14]	WANG Zhan-Bin;SUN Zhong-Ping;ZHANG Fu-Li;ZHANG Yan-Ni;XU Xiang-Ling*. Genetic analysis to descendants of transgene tobacco for control fungal disease [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2006, 26(2): 193-197.