Physiological Response of Ancient Platycladus orientalis with Different Ages During Cutting Rooting Process

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.04.011

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effect of tree age of ancient Platycladus orientalis on rooting of cuttings propagated from them and the physiological mechanism during the cutting process， the cuttings of 5， 100， 300 and 700 years P. orientalis female trees were used as scions respectively， and the phloem at the base of the cutting at rooting stages［0 d （S1， stage of before cutting）， 35 d（S2， stage of callus formation）， 65 d（S3， stage of adventitious root formation）， 95 d（S4， stage of adventitious root elongation）］ were harvested as the materials and the dynamic changes in the physiological indicators were measured， and the rooting rates and the numbers of rooted cuttings were counted respectively. The results showed that both of the rooting rates and the numbers of rooted cuttings propagated from ancient P. orientalis were significantly less than those of five years ones（P<0.05）. The nutrients（total sugar and total protein）， activities of antioxidative enzymes（polyphenol oxidase（PPO），peroxidase（POD）， superoxide dismutase（SOD）） and hormones（Indole-3-acetic acid（IAA）， zeatin riboside（ZR）） contents of the cuttings of five years donors were significantly more than those of ancient P. orientalis donors at all rooting stages， indicating that the high levels of these substances facilitated the rooting of the cuttings（P<0.05）. The contents of malondialdehyde（MDA）， abscisic acid（ABA）， and gibberellin（GA） showed a significant increase with increasing tree ages， indicating that the cuttings of ancient P. orientalis contained more harmful substances and hormones that inhibited rooting（P<0.05）. The nutrients（total sugar and total protein） and hormone（IAA and GA） contents showed a trend increased first and then decreased throughout the four stages， and it was worth noting that the contents reached maximum value at S3. On the contrary， ABA contents at S3 were significantly lower than that of another three stages（P<0.05）. The results indicated that the stage of adventitious root formation（S3） was a critical stage during the cutting process（P<0.05）. The larger the ratio of ω（IAA）/ω（ABA） and ω（ZR）/ω（ABA） were， the better for adventitious root formation. Tree ages significantly affected the rooting rate of P. orientalis cuttings， but there was no significant difference in the rooting rate of cuttings of ancient P. orientalis of different ages. Therefore， the reasons for difficulties in rooting of cuttings from ancient P. orientalis were mainly attributable to the lack of nutrients（total sugar and total protein）， activities of antioxidative enzymes（PPO， POD， and SOD） and endogenous hormones（IAA and ZR） beneficial to rooting.

Key words: Platycladus orientalis, ancient tree, cutting, physiological mechanism, rooting

CLC Number:

S791.38

Ermei CHANG, Yao DONG, Jianfeng LIU, Zirui JIA, Xiang LI, Xiulian ZHAO, Wei GUO. Physiological Response of Ancient Platycladus orientalis with Different Ages During Cutting Rooting Process[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(4): 582-590.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

References 36

1	CHANG E M， ZHANG J， DENG N，et al.Transcriptome differences between 20- and 3 000-year-old Platycladus orientalis reveal that ROS are involved in senescence regulation［J］.Electronic Journal of Biotechnology，2017，29：68-77.
2	杜常健，孙佳成，陈炜，等.侧柏古树实生树和嫁接树的扦插生理和解剖特性比较［J］.林业科学，2019，55（9）：41-49.
	DU C J， SUN J C， CHEN W，et al.Comparison of physiological and anatomical characteristics between seedlings and graftings derived from old Platycladus orientalis ［J］.Scientia Silvae Sinicae，2019，55（9）：41-49.
3	刘国彬，廖婷，王烨，等.金塔柏扦插不定根形成与内源激素的调控研究［J］.植物研究，2022，42（2）：278-288.
	LIU G B， LIAO T， WANG Y，et al.Regulation mechanism of endogenous hormones in adventitious roots formation of Platycladus orientalis‘Beverleyensis’［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2022，42（2）：278-288
4	陈博，刘春和，李迎春，等.基质和植物生长调节剂对大果榉嫩枝扦插的影响［J］.西北林学院学报，2021，36（3）：134-139，167.
	CHEN B， LIU C H， LI Y C，et al.Effects of soil media and plant growth regulastor on the softwood cutting of Zelkova sinica ［J］.Journal of Northwest Forestry University，2021，36（3）：134-139，167.
5	岳剑云，杜常健，纪敬，等.银杏枝条部位和年龄对不定根形成的影响及其与非结构碳水化合物含量的关系［J］.林业科学研究，2018，31（5）：153-158.
	YUE J Y， DU C J， JI J，et al.Effects of different position and ages of twigs on cutting of Ginkgo biloba and its relationship with non-structural carbohydrates［J］.Forest Research，2018，31（5）：153-158.
6	麻文俊，张守攻，王军辉，等.日本落叶松扦插生根期内源激素和营养物质及酚酸含量变化特征［J］.西北植物学报，2013，33（1）：109-115.
	MA W J， ZHANG S G， WANG J H，et al.Endogenous hormones，nutritive material and phenolic acid variation in cuttings of Japanese larch during rooting［J］.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica，2013，33（1）：109-115
7	杨秀莲，李春意，王良桂.波叶金桂扦插生根过程中营养物质和激素含量变化［J］.江苏农业科学，2014，42（6）：202-204，205.
	YANG X L， LI C Y， WANG L G.Changes in nutrient and hormone contents during the rooting process of Osmanthus fragrans cutting［J］.Jiangsu Agricultural Science，2014，42（6）：202-204，205
8	HUSEN A，PAL M.Variation in shoot anatomy and rooting behaviour of stem cuttings in relation to age of donor plants in teak（Tectona grandis Linn.f.）［J］.New Forests，2006，31（1）：57-73.
9	KHAN M，ALI S， AZZAWI T N I AL，et al.The key roles of ROS and RNS as a signaling molecule in plant-microbe interactions［J］. Antioxidants，2023，12（2）：268.
10	赵云龙，陈训，李朝婵.糙叶杜鹃扦插生根过程中生理生化分析［J］.林业科学，2013，49（6）：45-51.
	ZHAO Y L， CHEN X， LI C C.Dynamic of physiology and biochemistry during wild Rhododendron scabrifolium cutting propagation［J］.Scientia Silvae Sinicae，2013，49（6）：45-51
11	ROUT G R.Effect of auxins on adventitious root development from single node cuttings of Camellia sinensis（L.） Kuntze and associated biochemical changes［J］.Plant Growth Regulation，2006，48：111-117.
12	KOCHHAR S， KOCHHAR V K， SINGH S P，et al.Differential rooting and sprouting behaviour of two Jatropha species and associated physiological and biochemical changes［J］.Current Science，2005，89（6）：936-939.
13	唐全，曹帮华，刘凤，等.悬铃木硬枝扦插年龄效应及对α-NAA处理的响应［J］.西南大学学报（自然科学版），2009，31（3）：94-99.
	TANG Q， CAO B H， LIU F，et al.The age-effects of hardwood-cutting of Platanus orientalis and its rooting response to α-NAA［J］.Journal of Southwest University （Natural Science Edition），2009，31（3）：94-99
14	DRUEGE U， FRANKEN P， HAJIREZAEI M R.Plant hormone homeostasis，signaling，and function during adventitious root formation in cuttings［J］.Frontiers in Plant Science，2016，7：381.
15	郭素娟，凌宏勤，李凤兰.白皮松插穗生根的生理生化基础研究［J］.北京林业大学学报，2004，26（2）：43-47.
	GUO S J， LING H Q， LI F L.Physiological and biochemical basis of rooting of Pinus bungeana cuttings［J］.Journal of Beijing Forestry University，2004，26（2）：43-47.
16	詹亚光，杨传平，金贞福，等.白桦插穗生根的内源激素和营养物质［J］.东北林业大学学报，2001，29（4）：1-4.
	ZHAN Y G， YANG C P， JIN Z F，et al.Endogenesis hormone and nutritive matter concentration in Chukrasia tabularis cuttings during rooting［J］.Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2001，29（4）：1-4.
17	王青，张捷，仲崇禄，等.麻楝扦插生根进程中内源激素和营养物质含量的变化［J］.中南林业科技大学学报，2020，40（4）：111-119.
	WANG Q， ZHANG J， ZHONG C L，et al.Changes of endogenous hormone and nutrient content during rooting of Melia azedarach cuttings［J］.Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology，2020，40（4）：111-119.
18	ROSS S， SPERONI G， SOUZA-PÉREZ M，et al.Stem-cutting anatomy and biochemical responses associated with competence for adventitious root differentiation in Acca sellowiana（Myrtaceae）［J］.Trees，2021，35（4）：1221-1232.
19	LIU L， LI K， ZHOU X J，et al.Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome reveals the role of strigolactones in wounding-induced rice metabolic re-programming［J］.Metabolites，2022，12（9）：789.
20	GUAN Y G， HU W Z， XU Y P，et al.Metabolomics and physiological analyses validates previous findings on the mechanism of response to wounding stress of different intensities in broccoli［J］.Food Research International，2021，140：110058.
21	魏黔春，江泽平，刘建锋，等.侧柏古树扦插试验及插穗营养物质变化［J］.南京林业大学学报（自然科学版），2020，44（1）：63-71.
	WEI Q C， JIANG Z P， LIU J F，et al.Effects of several factors on rooting of cutting propagation of ancient Platycladus orientalias and the changes of nutritive material［J］.Journal of Nanjing Forestry University（Natural Sciences Edition），2020，44（1）：63-71.
22	杜常健，孙佳成，韩振泰，等.板栗扦插生根过程的解剖结构和生理变化研究［J］.西北植物学报，2019，39（11）：1979-1987.
	DU C J， SUN J C， HAN Z T，et al.Study on changes of anatomical structure and physiology during cuttings rooting of Castanea mollissima ［J］.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica，2019，39（11）：1979-1987.
23	姜凤琴，康晓珊，尹林克，等.株龄和插穗直径对甘蒙柽柳插穗成活率的影响［J］.植物资源与环境学报，2012，21（4）：111-113.
	JIANG F Q， KANG X S， YIN L K，et al.Effects of tree age and cutting diameter on survival rate of Tamarix austromongolica cuttings［J］.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment，2012，21（4）：111-113.
24	李亦凡，曹福亮.不同处理对银杏雄株扦插生根的影响［J］.南京林业大学学报（自然科学版），2004，28（2）：77-79.
	LI Y F， CAO F L.A study on cutting propagation techniques for male Ginkgo trees［J］.Journal of Nanjing Forestry University（Natural Sciences Edition），2004，28（2）：77-79.
25	韩伟，王鹏，冯忠良，等.扦插生根过程中贴梗海棠插穗生理生化指标的变化［J］.山东农业科学，2009（3）：28-30.
	HAN W， WANG P， FENG Z L，et al.Physiological and biochemical changes of Chaenomeles specios cuttings in rooting process［J］.Shandong Agricultural Science，2009（3）：28-30.
26	徐丽萍，上官新晨，喻方圆.秤锤树嫩枝扦插过程中营养物质含量的变化［J］.江西农业大学学报，2012，34（1）：50-53.
	XU L P， SHANGGUAN X C， YU F Y.Changes of nutrient contents in soft-wood cuttings of Sinojackia xylocarpa during the process of rooting［J］.Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis，2012，34 （1）：50-53.
27	钱家连，李迎超，许慧慧，等.不同年龄栓皮栎嫩枝扦插生根及解剖学分析和酶活性变化［J］.浙江农林大学学报，2023，40（1）：107-114.
	QIAN J L， LI Y C， XU H H，et al.Rooting，anatomical analysis and changes of enzyme activity of softwood cuttings of Quercus variabilis at different ages［J］.Journal of Zhejiang A&F University，2023，40（1）：107-114.
28	刘玉民，刘亚敏，马明，等.马尾松扦插生根过程相关生理生化分析［J］.林业科学，2010，46（9）：28-33.
	LIU Y M， LIU Y M， MA M，et al.Analysis of relevant physiological and biochemical characteristics of Pinus massoniana during cuttings rooting［J］.Scientia Silvae Sinicae，2010，46（9）：28-33.
29	刘智成，严良文，陈瑶瑶.Ca（NO₃）₂对百香果插穗生根及抗氧化酶活性的影响［J］.福建农业学报，2018，33（4）：381-385.
	LIU Z C， YAN L W， CHEN Y Y.Effects of Ca（NO₃）₂ on rooting and leaf antioxidase activities of cuttings for propagating Passiflora edulis×P.edulis f. flavicarpa ［J］.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2018，33（4）：381-385.
30	吕庚鑫，孟益德，庆军，等.‘华仲6号’杜仲嫩枝扦插生根的解剖及生理变化［J］.林业科学，2022，58（2）：113-124.
	LÜ G X， MENG Y D， QING J，et al.Changes of anatomical structure and physiology during softwood cutting rooting of Eucommia ulmoides ‘Huazhong No.6’［J］ Scientia Silvae Sinicae，2022，58（2）：113-124.
31	LIU G B， ZHAO J Z， LIAO T，et al.Histological dissection of cutting-inducible adventitious rooting in Platycladus orientalis reveals developmental endogenous hormonal homeostasis［J］.Industrial Crops and Products，2021，170：113817.
32	董胜君，刘明国，戴菲，等.山杏嫩枝扦插生根过程中插穗内源激素含量的变化［J］.经济林研究，2013，31（4）：108-114.
	DONG S J， LIU M G， DAI F，et al.Variation of endogenous hormone contents in softwood cuttings of Armeniaca sibirica during adventitious root formation［J］.Non-wood Forest Research，2013，31（4）：108-114.
33	刘明国，王玲，董胜君，等.北美香柏插穗生根过程中内源激素的变化［J］.沈阳农业大学学报，2010，41（5）：555-559.
	LIU M G， WANG L， DONG S J.Endogenous hormone variation in cuttings of Thuja occidentalis L. in the period of adventitious root formation［J］.Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University，2010，41（5）：555-559.
34	卢楠，孟丙南，孙宇涵，等.四倍体刺槐黄化嫩枝扦插生根过程生理生化分析［J］.东北林业大学学报，2013，41（11）：5-9.
	LU N， MENG B N， SUN Y H，et al.Physiology and biochemistry during etiolated shoots cutting of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia ［J］.Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2013，41（11）：5-9.
35	郭英超，杜克久，贾哲.兴安圆柏扦插生根过程中相关内源激素特征分析［J］.中国农学通报，2012，28（1）：44-48.
	GUO Y C， DU K J， JIA Z.Analysis of the characteristics of endogenous hormones during root formation of Sabina davurica（Pall.） Ant.［J］.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin，2012，28（1）：44-48.
36	魏树强.杂交鹅掌楸扦插繁殖技术与生根机理研究［D］.南京：南京林业大学，2009.
	WEI S Q.Studies on the cutting propagation technology and rooting mechanism of Liriodendron chinese×L .tulipifera［D］.Nanjing：Nanjing Forestry University，2009.

[1]	Weiqian WU, Zijian HU, Shiya SHEN, Guifang ZHANG, Jinxing LIN, Xi ZHANG. Research Progress on the Hormonal Regulation Related to Adventitious Root Regeneration and Cuttings Rooting in Plants [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(1): 13-24.
[2]	Wu LIU, Yaying YANG, Ning GONG, Ziwei ZOU, Yi WANG, Baodong CHEN, Qiong WANG, Wei LIU. Growth and Physiological Responses of Ancient Celtis sinensis Seedlings to the Inoculation of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(3): 393-405.
[3]	Xiaopeng MU, Xiaoyan MOU, Xinliang QI, Jing WANG, Yu YANG, Jiancheng ZHANG, Pengfei WANG. Effects of Different Growth Retardant Treatments on Rooting of Prunus humilis Rhizome Cuttings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(1): 88-97.
[4]	Xuping TIAN, Jiali WANG, Ke QIAO, Huixin LIU, Kangjie YUE. Methods for Reducing the Vitrification Rate and Promoting Rooting Formation of Dianthus plumarius [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(6): 954-962.
[5]	Guangzhou PENG, Jianfei LIU, Qiaoxin WANG, Kezhuo FU, Ye ZHANG, Chenxi ZHANG, Yaguang ZHAN. Effects of Cycle Rejuvenation on Growth, Reproduction and Physiology of Fraxinus mandshurica [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(5): 721-729.
[6]	ZHENG Xin-Hua, DONG Qiong, DUAN Hua-Chao, CHA Xiao-Fei, ZHOU Chun, ZHOU Zhi-Chao. Effect of Three Growth Regulators on Rooting of Cuting of Crateva unilocularis [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(2): 202-208.
[7]	ZHANG Jie, WANG Qing, ZHONG Chong-Lu, ZHANG Yong, WEI Yong-Cheng, MENG Jing-Xiang. Effects of Growth Substrate and Hormones on Cutting Rooting of Chukrasia tabularis Young Shoots [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(3): 380-386.
[8]	ZHOU Peng, ZHANG Min, WU Shuang-Zhu, HUANG Jing. Effect of Different LEDs Light Qualities on Vaccinium bracteatum Stem Multiplication and Rooting [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(5): 697-703.
[9]	LIU Shi-Chao, ZHOU Zai-Zhi, ZHANG Jin-Hao, LIANG Kun-Nan, MA Hua-Ming, HUANG Gui-Hua. Rooting Impact Factors of Callicarpa nudiflora Softwood Cuttings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(5): 739-746.
[10]	HAN Shu-Lan；WANG Hui-Mei；ZHANG Dan. Decreasing the Hyperhydricity and Rooting of Scutellariae baicalensis* Georgi [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(1): 90-96.
[11]	ZHOU Xiang-Ming；LIU Yu-Tang；ZHAO Xian-Zheng；SONG Zhao-Wei；WANG Shu. Rooting Anatomy of Hardwood Cutting for Albizia julibrissin Duraxx. and Activity Change of Related Enzymes During Rooting Process [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(1): 58-61.
[12]	SHI Qiong1；HU Feng2；HUANG Lie-Jian1. In Vitro and ex Vitro Rooting Technology Comparison of Acacia mangium×A.auriculiformis* hybrids [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 891-897.
[13]	MU Chang-Cheng;ZHUANG Chen;HAN Yang-Rui;ZHANG Xiao-Liang;TONG Jing-Qiu;CHENG Jia-You;CAO Wan-Liang. Effect of Liberation Cutting on the Vegetation Carbon Storage of Korean Pine Forests by Planting Conifer and Reserving Broad-leaved Tree in Changbai Mountains of China [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(4): 529-536.
[14]	WANG Na;DOU Kai;WANG Zhi-Ying;ZHANG Rong-Shu;WANG Yu-Cheng;LIU Zhi-Hua. Rooting and Transplanting Method of Populus davidiana×P.bolleana* Tissue Culture Seedlings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(3): 380-385.
[15]	GONG Xue-Yuan;DU Ya-Tian;ZHANG Xiang-Yu;LIU Jiao. Rapid Propagation Technique System of Blueberry* [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(1): 131-135.