Morph-anatomy of Leaf and Taxonomic Insights of Eight Viola species from Yunnan,China

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.03.015

Abstract

Abstract:

The taxonomy of Viola L. has been problematic due to its varied morphology in a large number of species with a wide distribution. To solve its taxonomic problem， leaf morphology and anatomy in eight Viola species from Yunnan， China were investigated using the microscope and paraffine section. The results showed that：（1）There were four leaf shapes grouped into the reniform， the hastate， the ovate， and the three-lobed types. （2）There were three types of uniseriately single-celled trichome， including the short-column， the medium-column， and the long-column， growing along the margins and veins of leaves. （3）The anticlinal wall of epidermal cells was the straight-arched， the sinuolate， and the sinuous patterns respectively. Most of the stomata were orbicular while some wereelliptical， which comprised the paracytic， the diacytic， and the anomocytic patterns. （4）The outlines of mid-rib transverse section were divided into the equal and the unequal types based on the different sizes between the adaxial and the abaxial epidermis. （5）The shapes of cross section of the petiole were grouped into the elliptical， the sub-orbicular， and the circle patterns， with obvious adaxially lateral wings and ridges. The number of vascular bundles was one or three， with varied three outlines containing the round， the shallowly U-type， and the deeply U-type. It was showed that some selected features of morpho-anatomy of leaf were much valuable for problematic species delimitation， including the leaf shape， the trichome， the epidermal cell， the outline of vascular bundle， and the shape of cross section of leaf and petiole. Additionally， it was supported that V. inconspicua， V. prionantha， and V. philippica should be treated as three independent species.

Key words: Viola, leaf morphology, epidermis, anatomy, petiole, trichome, taxonomy

CLC Number:

Q949.759.2

Qin TIAN, Chengyan SHAO, Hanning DUAN, Chenxuan YANG, Lu LI. Morph-anatomy of Leaf and Taxonomic Insights of Eight Viola species from Yunnan,China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(3): 447-460.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 34

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编号 Number	种名 Species	叶中脉横切面 Cross section of leaf midrib	叶柄横切面 Cross section of petiole
编号 Number	种名 Species	上/下表皮突起形态 Ad/Ab epidermis	形态 Shape	主维管束类型 Vascular bundle
1	双花堇菜V. biflora	不等型Unequal	圆形Round outlines	圆形Round outlines
2	灰叶堇菜V.delavayi	不等型Unequal	近圆形Sub-orbicular outlines	深U型Deep U-type
3	长萼堇菜V. inconspicua	均等型Equal	椭圆形Elliptical1 outlines	浅U型Shallow U-type
4	紫花地丁V. philippica	均等型Equal	椭圆形Elliptical1 outlines	浅U型Shallow U-type
5	早开堇菜V. prionantha	不等型Unequal	椭圆形Elliptical1 outlines	浅U型Shallow U-type
6	七星莲V.diffusa	均等型Equal	椭圆形Elliptical1 outlines	浅U型Shallow U-type
7	南山堇菜V.chaerophylloides	不等型Unequal	近圆形Sub-orbicular outlines	深U型Deep U-type
8	香堇菜V. odorata	均等型Equal	近圆形Sub-orbicular outlines	深U型Deep U-type

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