植物研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 556-564.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.04.005
收稿日期:
2021-05-18
出版日期:
2022-07-20
发布日期:
2022-07-15
通讯作者:
史明艳
E-mail:smy2003@sina.com
作者简介:
付鹏程(1988—),男,博士,主要从事植物进化研究。
基金资助:
Pengcheng FU, Qiuqian WEI, Mingyang SHI()
Received:
2021-05-18
Online:
2022-07-20
Published:
2022-07-15
Contact:
Mingyang SHI
E-mail:smy2003@sina.com
About author:
FU Pengcheng(1988—),male,doctor,mainly engaged in plant evolution.
Supported by:
摘要:
青藏高原是全球生物多样性中心之一,是研究物种形成和适应性进化的热点地区。岷县龙胆(Gentiana algida var. purdomii)是青藏高原地区特有植物,具有很高的药用价值。本研究以岷县龙胆种群为对象,基于不同遗传方式的分子标记,通过种群遗传结构、遗传分化、种群动态历史和物种分布模型等分析,探讨其在青藏高原的分化历史。结果表明:岷县龙胆具有高的遗传多样性,叶绿体数据表明种内遗传分化程度很高(FST=0.452),但核基因数据表明种内遗传分化程度很低(FST=0.022),揭示岷县龙胆种内存在强烈的基因流。种群动态历史分析表明岷县龙胆种群大小经历了近期扩张,物种分布模型的结果表明岷县龙胆在末次盛冰期以来分布范围略有扩张。分子钟模型的结果表明岷县龙胆种内的遗传分化主要发生在第四纪冰期以来。以上结果一致表明,第四纪气候波动是岷县龙胆分化的主要外部因素。本研究为龙胆属及青藏高原植物类群的物种分化、适应性研究以及资源开发与保护提供了参考。
中图分类号:
付鹏程, 韦秋前, 史明艳. 青藏高原岷县龙胆的遗传分化与种群动态历史分析[J]. 植物研究, 2022, 42(4): 556-564.
Pengcheng FU, Qiuqian WEI, Mingyang SHI. Genetic Divergence and Demographic History of Gentiana algida var. purdomii on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(4): 556-564.
表1
本研究中岷县龙胆的样品信息与遗传多样性指数
居群 Population | 标本号 Voucher No. | 采样点 Locality | 经纬度 Latitude/Longitude | 个体数 No. | 叶绿体单倍型组成 cpDNA Haplotype composition | 基因多样性 Gene diversity | 核苷酸多样性 Nucleotide diversity (10-3) | 基因型组成 ITS Genetype compositio | 基因多样性 Gene diversity | 核苷酸多样性 Nucleotide diversity (10-3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SD | Fu2016042 | 四川色达 Seda,SC | 31°49′N/100°6′E | 15 | cP1(11),cP2(1),cP8(3) | 0.448 | 19.971 | P1/P2(1),P2/P2(2),P2/P3(1),P2/P4(1),P2/P5(1),P2/P7(1),P2/P21(1),P3/P20(1),P5/P7(1),P6/P6(1) | 0.788 | 4.051 |
GZ | Fu2016056 | 四川甘孜 Ganzi,SC | 31°44′N/99°33′E | 8 | cP1(7),cP2(1) | 0.250 | 0.796 | P2/P2(1),P2/P3(2),P2/P4(1),P2/P9(1),P6/P6(2),P7/P8(1) | 0.817 | 4.092 |
MD | Fu2017020 | 青海玛多 Maduo,QH | 34°6′N/97°38′E | 17 | cP3(13),cP4(4) | 0.382 | 0.609 | P2/P2(4),P2/P8(2),P2/P9(3),P2/P10(3),P2/P11(1),P6/P11(1),P10/P11(2) | 0.686 | 3.970 |
YS | Fu2017061 | 青海玉树 Yushu,QH | 32°53′N/96°41′E | 11 | cP3(2),cP4(9) | 0.327 | 0.521 | P2/P4(1),P2/P7(1),P2/P10(1),P2/P11(2),P8/P10(1),P9/P10(1),P10/P11(2),P10/P12(1),P13/P13(1) | 0.862 | 7.612 |
LWQ | Fu2017089 | 西藏类乌齐 Leiwuqi,T | 31°5′N/96°30′E | 13 | cP5(13) | 0.000 | 0.000 | P2/P2(2),P2/P11(1),P4/P10(1),P7/P7(2),P7/P9(2),P7/P14(1),P8/P10(1),P9/P10(1),P10/P11(1),P11/P15(1) | 0.868 | 5.521 |
JD | Fu2017144 | 西藏江达 Jiangda,T | 31°38′N/98°26′E | 6 | cP1(6) | 0.000 | 0.000 | P2/P2(2),P2/P12(1),P2/P18(1),P8/P17(1) | 0.667 | 4.170 |
DG | Fu2017149 | 四川德格 Dege,SC | 31°56′N/98°54′E | 15 | cP1(10),cP2(3),cP7(2) | 0.533 | 1.486 | P2/P9(2),P2/P11(1),P2/P12(1),P2/P18(2),P7/P8(1),P7/P9(1),P9/P11(1),P9/P19(1),P10/P12(1),P10/P19(1),P12/P20(1),P18/P19(1) | 0.902 | 6.610 |
JZ1 | Fu2017207 | 青海久治 Jiuzhi,QH | 33°12′N/101°28′E | 18 | cP2(16),cP9(2) | 0.209 | 0.333 | P2/P2(4),P2/P6(1),P2/P7(1),P2/P8(1),P2/P9(1),P2/P11(1),P2/P23(1),P3/P11(1),P3/P22(1),P5/P7(1),P7/P9(1),P7/P12(1),P7/P20(1),P11/P20(1) | 0.827 | 5.566 |
JZ2 | Fu2017219 | 青海久治 Jiuzhi,QH | 33°23′N/101°33′E | 10 | cP2(3),cP10(7) | 0.467 | 0.742 | P2/P2(1),P2/P6(1),P2/P7(1),P2/P11(2),P2/P12(1),P2/P20(1),P7/P20(1),P11/P20(1),P19/P24(1) | 0.816 | 5.791 |
JZ3 | Fu2017225 | 青海久治 Jiuzhi,QH | 33°22′N/101°19′E | 24 | cP2(23),cP11(1) | 0.083 | 3.190 | P2/P2(6),P2/P6(1),P2/P11(9),P2/P15(1),P2/P19(1),P2/P20(1),P3/P11(1),P3/P12(1),P11/P19(1) | 0.631 | 5.469 |
DR | Fu2017256 | 青海达日 Dari,QH | 33°45′N/99°34′E | 15 | cP2(15) | 0.000 | 0.000 | P2/P2(5),P2/P3(2),P2/P5(1),P2/P11(3),P3/P3(1),P11/P25(1) | 0.594 | 4.698 |
GD | Fu2017261 | 青海甘德 Gande,QH | 33°59′N/99°56′E | 12 | cP2(12) | 0.000 | 0.000 | P2/P2(1),P2/P4(2),P2/P5(1),P2/P8(2),P2/P11(3),P2/P18(1),P3/P11(1),P7/P8(1) | 0.765 | 5.188 |
CD | Fu2018161 | 西藏昌都 Changdu,T | 31°4′N/96°56′E | 13 | cP5(6),cP6(7) | 0.539 | 2.572 | P2/P2(3),P2/P3(1),P2/P7(4),P2/P16(1),P9/P11(1),P10/P11(2) | 0.725 | 4.489 |
LS | Fu2020005 | 西藏拉萨 Lasha,T | 30°6′N/91°16′E | 6 | cP5(6) | 0 | 0 | P2/P2(6) | 0 | 0 |
表2
岷县龙胆种群分子变异分析
变异来源 Source of variation | 自由度 df | 方差和 Sum of squares | 变异组成 Variance components | 变异比例 Percentage of variation | FST | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶绿体 Plastid | 种群间 Among populations | 12 | 126.537 | 0.7169 Va | 45.16 | 0.452 |
种群内 Within populations | 164 | 142.774 | 0.8706 Vb | 54.84 | ||
ITS | 种群间 Among populations | 12 | 19.443 | 0.0237 Va | 2.27 | 0.022 |
种群内 within populations | 319 | 325.668 | 1.0209 Vb | 97.73 |
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