2种黄芪幼苗对缺硫胁迫的生理响应机制

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2020.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以药用植物膜荚黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus（Fisch.）Bge.）及其变种蒙古黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus Bge.var.mongholicus Hsiao）幼苗为材料，在水培条件下研究了两种黄芪幼苗在不同程度缺硫条件下的生物量积累、光合参数、次生代谢产物积累等的变化规律。结果显示：与供应Hoagland全营养液相比，低硫和无硫供应处理均显著抑制了两种黄芪幼苗根系和地上部的伸长生长以及生物量的累积，并且引起了植株叶片失绿变黄、根系褐变等一系列缺硫症状。此外，缺硫还导致了两种黄芪幼苗叶片叶绿素含量降低以及光合参数下降、全株各部位细胞膜脂过氧化程度增加。相对膜荚黄芪而言，不同程度缺硫对蒙古黄芪生长发育的影响较小。进一步研究发现，在低硫或无硫条件下，膜荚黄芪植株各部位总酚含量出现了明显下降，而蒙古黄芪根系和叶片总酚含量却因缺硫处理而显著升高。同时我们还发现，硫营养缺乏诱导了蒙古黄芪叶片非光化学能量耗散的升高以及植株各部位主要异黄酮物质的大量积累。我们推断，营养液中硫元素供应的减少引起了黄芪幼苗硫营养不良，影响了植株叶绿素合成，降低了植株的光合能力，并同时引起了全株的氧化胁迫，最终使得黄芪幼苗生长发育受到抑制；蒙古黄芪在缺硫胁迫下提高了光保护能力，合成了较多的异黄酮类物质，有效缓解了缺硫胁迫对其生长的影响，从而在面对缺硫胁迫时比膜荚黄芪表现出了更强的耐性。

关键词: 黄芪, 缺硫胁迫, 生理响应, 适应性

Abstract: The responses of biomass accumulation, photosynthesis capacity and secondary metabolites accumulation to sulfur deficiency were investigated in the herbs of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.) Bge. (A.membranaceus) and its variety of mongholicus(A.membranaceus var. mongholicus) using a hydroponics culture system. Compared with the application of whole Hoagland solutions, the decreasing of sulfur concentration inhibited the elongation growth and biomass accumulation in the both plants, and led to the appearances of leaf chlorosis and root browning. Additionally, sulfur deficiency reduced the contents of chlorophylls and the photosynthesis capacity in leaves, as well as elevated the degree of membrane lipid peroxide in the whole plant. However, we found that the effect of sulfur deficiency on A.membranaceus var. mongholicus was lower than that on A.membranaceus. Under the condition of no sulfur application, the non-photochemical quenching in A.membranaceus var. mongholicus was significantly increased. More than that, more isoflavonoids(calycosin, formononetin, calycosin-7-O-β-flucoside and ononin) were induced by sulfur deficiency in var. monholicus than A.membranaceus. We concluded that sulfur deficiency affected the chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis, led to the membrane peroxide, and finally caused the inhibition of growth and development of A.membranaceus and its variety. However, the variety showed stronger adjustability to sulfur deficiency through the increasing of the light protection capability and synthesis of more isoflavones.

Key words: Astragalus membranacus, sulfur deficiency, physiological response, adjustability

中图分类号:

S567.9

张野, 杨楠, 刘洋, 唐中华, 郭晓瑞, 王洪政. 2种黄芪幼苗对缺硫胁迫的生理响应机制[J]. 植物研究, 2020, 40(4): 496-504.

ZHANG Ye, YANG Nan, LIU Yang, TANG Zhong-Hua, GUO Xiao-Rui, WANG Hong-Zheng. Physiological Responses of Two Astragalus membranacus Seedlings to Sulfur Deficiency[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(4): 496-504.

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