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植物研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 204-211.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2014.02.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

广西平果县喀斯特山地蚬木生存群落物种多样性与环境的关系

欧芷阳1,2,3;朱积余1,2,3;彭玉华1,2,3;何琴飞1,2,3;庞世龙1,2,3   

  1. 1.广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,南宁 530002;2.国家林业局中南速生材繁育实验室,南宁 530002;3.广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室,南宁 530002
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2014-03-20 发布日期:2014-03-20
  • 基金资助:
     

Relationship between Plant Diversity and Environmental Factors of Excentrodendron hsienmu Community in Karst Mountains in Pinguo County,Guangxi

OU Zhi-Yang;;ZHU Ji-Yu;;PENG Yu-Hua;;HE Qin-Fei;;PANG Shi-Long;   

  1. 1.Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002;2.Central South Key Laboratory of Fastgrowing Tree Cultivation under Forestry Ministry,Nanning 530002;3.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Cultivation,Nanning 530002
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2014-03-20 Published:2014-03-20
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 基于野外调查和室内实验数据,采取主成分分析和典型相关分析相结合的方法,分析了广西平果县喀斯特山地蚬木(Excentrodendron hsienmu)生存群落物种多样性与土壤养分和地形因子间的关系。结果表明:群落各层的物种数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层。主成分分析的前3个主成分解释了总变异的78.8%,第一主成分的特征值为5.29,方差贡献率为44.0%,主要反映了土壤养分的综合信息。典型相关分析显示乔木层多样性能敏感指示土壤养分变化,与土壤全磷间呈负相关、与全氮间呈正相关;灌木层物种多样性对地形变化更为敏感,与坡位和海拔间均表现为正相关关系;土壤与地形因子间存在较为密切的耦合关系,土壤全磷与坡位间呈正相关、土壤pH与岩石裸露率间呈负相关。

关键词: 土壤, 地形, 主成分分析, 典型相关分析, 蚬木

Abstract: Excentrodendron hsienmu is a species endemic to tropical limestone areas. It is one of the constructive species in north tropical limestone seasonal rainforest. The mixed forest dominated by E.hsienmu is very important to the karst ecosystem. So far, little is know about the main environmental factors affecting the plant diversity in this community. To explore the effects of variations in soils and topography on the species diversity in this community, woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥1.0 cm, shrubs, herbs, soils, and topographic factors were investigated in 15 plots in the karst mountains of Pinguo County, located in Guangxi, south China. α diversity indexes were calculated, and 7 soil properties were measured. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) were employed in this study. It was observed that the community composition was simple, and the α diversity indexes were low. All the species richness, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou index in tree layer were the greatest, followed by shrub and herb layer. Results of PCA showed the accumulative variance contribution of the first three principal components was 78.8%. The eigenvalue of first principal component was 5.29, and it encompassed 44.0% of the total variation, which mainly reflected the variation in soil nutrients. Results of CCA showed α diversity of tree layer was sensitive to the variation of soil nutrients. Shannon-Wiener diversity index of tree layer was negatively correlated with total phosphorus (TP) and positively with total nitrogen. Shannon-Wiener diversity index of shrub layer was sensitive to the topography gradient. It was positively related to both slope position and elevation. Meanwhile, there was close coupling relationship between soils and topography. TP was positively correlated with position, and pH negatively with per. of covered rock.

Key words: soil, topography, principal component analysis, canonical correlation analysis, Excentrodendron hsienmu

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