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植物研究 ›› 2001, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 222-226.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

异细胞质小麦与黑麦、小黑麦杂交对性状和减数分裂行为的影响

刘伟华, 王同昌, 何聪芬, 徐香玲, 李集临   

  1. 哈尔滨师范大学, 哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:1999-10-13 出版日期:2001-06-15 发布日期:2016-06-14
  • 作者简介:刘伟华(1964-), 女, 博士研究生教授, 植物遗传工程。

Alien Cytoplasmic Effects on Trait Production and Chromosome Behaviors at Meiosis in Crossing Alloplasmic Wheat with Rye or Triticale

LIU Wei hua, WANG Tong chang, HE Cong fen, XU Xiang ling, LI Ji lin   

  1. Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:1999-10-13 Online:2001-06-15 Published:2016-06-14

摘要: 本文利用17种异细胞质"中国春"小麦与黑麦、小黑麦杂交、回交,研究其性状与减数分裂行为的表现。首次观察到D2型Ae.crassa.4x细胞质对同源染色体配对有抑制作用,对部分同源染色体配对有促进作用, SV型Ae.kotschyi细胞质对同源染色体、部分同源配对均有抑制作用, S1型Ae.sharonesis细胞质对部分同源染色体配对有促进作用。还观察到G型细胞质T.timopheevi、T.zhukovsky i, D2型细胞质Ae.crassa可提高产生有功能雌配子数。首次合成G型、SV型、D2型细胞质雄性不育的八倍体小黑麦, D2型细胞质八倍体小黑麦是光敏性雄性不育,在15小时以上的长光照条件下表现不育。这对进一步了解异细胞质的作用、小黑麦杂种优势的利用和小黑麦的改良均有重要意义。

关键词: 小麦, 核质代换, 染色体配对

Abstract: types of alien cytoplasm were used to study on the allopasmic effects on chromosome behaviors at meiosis in hybrids between alloplasmic Triticum aestivum with rey and triticale.It was observed that(a) D2-type cytoplasm from Ae.crassa(4x)appears to inhinit the pairing of homologues and to promote the homoeologue pairing;(b)S-type cytoplasm from Ae.sharonesis shows the effects of promoting homologous chromosome pairing;(c)G-type cytoplasm from T.timopheevi and T.zhukovskyi possesses the ability to produce functional female gametes;(d)sv-type cytoplasm from Ae.kotshyi inhibits pairing of both homologues and homoeologue.Male sterile octoploid triticale lines with G, SV, and D2-type cytoplasm have been synthesized and the male sterility induced by D2-type cytoplasm is a photosensitive which was found to be express under daylight more than 15 hors.

Key words: Alloplasmic, Homoeologue pairing