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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 98-110.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于EMP和TCA循环途径研究硅对干旱胁迫下党参多糖合成的调控

黄储1, 何明月1, 孙美乐1, 陈彦宏1, 王惠珍1,2()   

  1. 1.甘肃中医药大学药学院,兰州 730000
    2.西北中藏药省部共建协同创新中心,兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-12 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 王惠珍 E-mail:whz1974828@163.com
  • 作者简介:黄储(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事中药资源评价、保护与可持续利用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(22JR11RA111);国家自然科学基金项目(81760683);国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-21)

Silicon-mediated Regulation on Polysaccharides Synthesis of Codonopsis pilosula under Drought Stress Based on EMP and TCA cycle Pathways

Chu HUANG1, Mingyue HE1, Meile SUN1, Yanhong CHEN1, Huizhen WANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Pharmacy,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000
    2.Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC,Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2024-09-12 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-23
  • Contact: Huizhen WANG E-mail:whz1974828@163.com

摘要:

近年来,极端气候频发、雨水分布不均,造成党参(Codonopsis pilosula)关键生育期缺水,导致质量和产量下降。针对这一问题,该研究以党参为对象,从糖酵解(EMP)及三羧酸循环(TCA)角度探究硅对干旱胁迫下党参多糖合成的调控效应。设置正常水分(CK)、15% PEG-6000干旱(D)及施加硅后再15% PEG-6000干旱 (Si+D)3个处理组,Si+D组在干旱处理前第7天每盆施用200 mL 2 mmol?L-1硅酸钾溶液,干旱处理至7、14、21 d时取样,测定EMP及TCA相关代谢物含量、酶活性和基因相对表达量,同时测定党参多糖及其生物合成相关物质含量,综合分析硅对干旱胁迫下党参多糖合成的调控。结果表明:(1)干旱胁迫导致党参光合色素含量降低,加速蔗糖、果糖及葡萄糖等物质消耗,促进EMP和TCA途径中的能量消耗用于淀粉、多糖等物质的合成及积累,存在产量和质量消长的现象。(2)硅的施用提高了党参叶片相对含水量、光合色素含量、蔗糖及果糖含量,降低了淀粉合成相关酶活性、增强了淀粉分解相关酶活性,导致淀粉、多糖含量下降,但党参整体产量提高;硅促进干旱胁迫下党参EMP途径,阻止TCA过程,使得EMP终产物丙酮酸合成柠檬酸并积累。硅的施加通过影响党参光合作用、调控EMP及TCA途径能量生成及分配,增强党参抵御干旱的能力,整体上对党参多糖的合成及质量、产量起到了正向的调控作用。但随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,调控效应有逐渐减弱的趋势。

关键词: 党参, 干旱胁迫, 硅, 糖酵解, 三羧酸循环, 党参多糖

Abstract:

In recent years, frequent extreme weather and uneven distribution of rain have caused water shortage in the key growth period of Codonopsis pilosula, leading to declines in quality and yield. To solve this problem, this study used Codonopsis pilosula as the object, investigated the regulatory effects of C. pilosula polysaccharides(CPPs) synthesis under drought stress by siliconaddition based on glycolysis (EMP) and tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA). Three groups were set up: water(CK), drought by 15% PEG-6000(D) and drought by 15% PEG-6000 after silicon treatment(Si+D). In Si+D group, 200 mL of 2 mmol?L-1 potassium silicate solution was applied to each basin on the 7th day before drought treatment. EMP and TCA-related substances, enzymes activity and key genes expression were measured at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively after drought treatment. Meanwhile, the contents of CPPs and its biosynthesis-related substances were measured to analyze comprehensively the regulation of CPPs synthesis by silicon under drought stress. The results showed that: (1) Drought stress weakened the content of photosynthetic pigment of C. pilosula, accelerated the consumption of sucrose, fructose and glucose, and enhanced the energy consumption in EMP and TCA pathways for the synthesis and accumulation of starch and polysaccharide, and there was a mutual fluctuation of yield and quality. (2) The silicon addition enhanced the content of relative leaf water of C. pilosula, inhibited the content of photosynthetic pigments, increased the sucrose and fructose contents, decreased the enzymes activity related to starch synthesis and increased the enzymes activity related to starch decomposition, resulting in the decrease of starch and polysaccharide contents, but the overall yield of C. pilosula were increased. Silicon addition promoted the EMP pathway of C. pilosula under drought stress, prevented the TCA cycle process, and made pyruvic acid, the end product of EMP, synthesize into citric acid and its accumulation. The application of silicon might affect the photosynthesis of C. pilosula, regulate the energy generation and distribution of EMP and TCA pathways, enhance the ability of C. pilosula to resist drought, and play a positive role in the synthesis of polysaccharide and the quality and yield of C. pilosula. However, with the extension of drought stress time, the regulation effect was weakened gradually.

Key words: Codonopsis pilosula, drought stress, silicon, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides

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