植物研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 138-150.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.01.015
收稿日期:
2020-12-27
出版日期:
2022-01-20
发布日期:
2021-12-30
通讯作者:
庄伟伟
E-mail:zww8611@sina.com
作者简介:
王明明(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生理生态方面的研究。
基金资助:
Mingming Wang, Weiwei Zhuang()
Received:
2020-12-27
Online:
2022-01-20
Published:
2021-12-30
Contact:
Weiwei Zhuang
E-mail:zww8611@sina.com
About author:
Wang Mingming(1997—),male,master’s degree candidate,research direction is plant ecology.
Supported by:
摘要:
深入了解荒漠短命植物的化学计量特征,有助于更好地理解生境土壤因子与植物生存策略的关系。以古尔班通古特沙漠广泛分布的尖喙牻牛儿苗(Erodium oxyrrhynchum)、假狼紫草(Nonea caspica)、琉苞菊(Hyalea pulchella)、飘带果(Lactuca undulata)为植物材料,测定不同深度(0~5、5~10、10~15 cm)的土壤理化性质,野外原位多时段采样比较分析4种植物化学计量特征与土壤因子的动态变化及其耦合关系。结果表明:①4种短命植物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量普遍较低,化学计量特征存在物种间差异,但在不同生长期内变化规律大致相似。N、P含量从幼苗期到结实期逐渐减少,而C含量则长期趋于稳定。整个生长期内,P、C∶P的变异幅度较大,相反,C、N∶P的变异幅度较小。4种植物在不同生长期的化学计量特征差异与生长期、植物种类存在显著相关性。②0~5 cm土层有机碳(SOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)含量最高,且随土层的加深逐渐减少。随着植物的生长,0~5 cm土层中SOC和TN含量呈明显增加的趋势,而TP含量却呈现抛物线状变化趋势。在植物不同生长期内,土壤TP含量稳定性最强,SOC、TN的变异性较强,较低的N含量及TN∶TP比显示出该区域土壤属于N素缺乏类型。3个土层土壤在不同生长期的化学计量特征差异受土层、生长期的影响显著。③4种植物与各层次土壤化学计量特征的相关性无一致规律。植物化学计量指标仅与0~10 cm土层SOC、SOC∶TP相关性较强,而大部分化学计量特征间未显示出相关性。上述结果说明植物化学计量特征并非全部由土壤养分特征直接决定,其明显的种间差异显示了植物自身遗传特性在土壤—植物计量特征耦合关系的重要性。
中图分类号:
王明明, 庄伟伟. 荒漠短命植物不同生长期化学计量特征与生境土壤因子关系分析[J]. 植物研究, 2022, 42(1): 138-150.
Mingming Wang, Weiwei Zhuang. The Stoichiometric Characteristics of Desert Ephemeral Plants in Different Growth Periods and Its Association with Soil Factors[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(1): 138-150.
表1
4种短命植物C、N、P含量及化学计量比的统计学参数
指标 Index | 物种 Species | 平均值±标准差 Mean±SD /(mg·g-1) | 极差 Range | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 变异系数 CV /% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | 飘带果 L. undulata | 39.11±0.95a | 2.74 | 37.52 | 40.26 | 2.43 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 37.54±1.56b | 4.44 | 35.26 | 39.70 | 4.16 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 36.63±1.28b | 5.04 | 33.48 | 38.52 | 3.49 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 36.74±1.67b | 5.09 | 33.56 | 38.65 | 4.55 | |
N | 飘带果 L. undulata | 11.82±2.18b | 7.00 | 8.30 | 15.30 | 18.44 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 14.15±2.56a | 7.92 | 10.35 | 18.27 | 18.73 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 12.25±1.77a | 5.79 | 9.57 | 15.36 | 14.45 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 13.39±3.03a | 8.71 | 9.65 | 18.36 | 22.63 | |
P | 飘带果 L. undulata | 1.97±0.48a | 1.39 | 1.14 | 2.53 | 24.37 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 1.73±0.38a | 1.25 | 1.08 | 2.33 | 21.97 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 1.32±0.34b | 1.00 | 0.83 | 1.83 | 25.76 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 1.91±0.53a | 1.53 | 1.12 | 2.65 | 27.75 | |
C∶N | 飘带果 L. undulata | 3.42±0.65a | 2.32 | 2.45 | 4.77 | 19.01 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 2.73±0.49b | 1.45 | 2.15 | 3.60 | 17.95 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 3.04±0.40ab | 1.58 | 2.32 | 3.90 | 13.16 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 2.89±0.70b | 1.89 | 1.83 | 3.72 | 24.22 | |
C∶P | 飘带果 L. undulata | 21.31±6.46b | 19.70 | 14.85 | 34.55 | 30.31 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 22.73±5.55b | 16.29 | 16.54 | 32.83 | 24.42 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 29.64±8.59a | 25.27 | 19.75 | 45.02 | 28.98 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 20.96±6.79b | 21.32 | 13.07 | 34.39 | 32.40 | |
N∶P | 飘带果 L. undulata | 6.16±0.84c | 7.62 | 5.26 | 12.88 | 13.64 |
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 8.32±1.31b | 5.15 | 6.41 | 11.56 | 15.75 | |
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 9.62±1.75a | 5.55 | 7.33 | 12.88 | 18.19 | |
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 7.18±0.99bc | 3.74 | 6.28 | 10.02 | 13.88 |
表2
不同生长期下4种植物的C、N、P化学计量特征及计量比的方差分析
化学计量 Stoichiometric | 平均值 Mean±SD | 物种 Species | 生长期 Growth period | 物种*生长期 Species*Growth period | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | ||
C | 37.50±1.68 | 7.211 | 0.001 | 0.485 | 0.695 | 0.619 | 0.772 |
N | 12.90±2.53 | 10.068 | <0.001 | 50.365 | <0.001 | 1.215 | 0.321 |
P | 1.73±0.49 | 54.281 | <0.001 | 133.023 | <0.001 | 2.573 | 0.024 |
C∶N | 3.02±0.62 | 11.224 | <0.001 | 40.099 | <0.001 | 1.005 | 0.456 |
C∶P | 23.66±7.59 | 27.270 | <0.001 | 82.913 | <0.001 | 1.194 | 0.332 |
N∶P | 7.82±1.79 | 26.934 | <0.001 | 11.529 | <0.001 | 0.607 | 0.782 |
表3
不同土层荒漠土壤C、N、P含量及化学计量比的统计学参数
指标 Index | 土层深度 Soil depth /cm | 平均值±标准差 Mean±SD /(mg·g-1) | 极差 Range | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 变异系数 CV /% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SOC | 0~5 | 0.22±0.04a | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 18.18 |
5~10 | 0.15±0.02b | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.18 | 13.33 | |
10~15 | 0.12±0.02c | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 16.67 | |
0~15 | 0.16±0.05 | 0.20 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 31.25 | |
TN | 0~5 | 0.16±0.03a | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 18.75 |
5~10 | 0.09±0.02b | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 22.22 | |
10~15 | 0.08±0.02b | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 25.00 | |
0~15 | 0.11±0.04 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 36.36 | |
TP | 0~5 | 0.36±0.02a | 0.07 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 5.56 |
5~10 | 0.35±0.02ab | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.38 | 5.71 | |
10~15 | 0.35±0.02b | 0.05 | 0.31 | 0.36 | 5.71 | |
0~15 | 0.35±0.02 | 0.08 | 0.31 | 0.39 | 5.71 | |
SOC∶TN | 0~5 | 1.37±0.21a | 0.81 | 1.07 | 1.88 | 19.63 |
5~10 | 1.81±0.61a | 2.02 | 0.99 | 3.01 | 33.71 | |
10~15 | 1.72±0.75a | 2.27 | 1.02 | 3.29 | 43.60 | |
0~15 | 1.63±0.59 | 2.30 | 0.99 | 3.29 | 36.19 | |
SOC∶TP | 0~5 | 0.59±0.11a | 0.33 | 0.46 | 0.79 | 18.64 |
5~10 | 0.41±0.06b | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.55 | 14.63 | |
10~15 | 0.34±0.06c | 0.19 | 0.27 | 0.46 | 17.65 | |
0~15 | 0.45±0.13 | 0.52 | 0.27 | 0.79 | 28.89 | |
TN∶TP | 0~5 | 0.44±0.08a | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.59 | 18.18 |
5~10 | 0.25±0.07b | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.36 | 28.00 | |
10~15 | 0.22±0.06b | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.31 | 27.27 | |
0~15 | 0.31±0.12 | 0.45 | 0.14 | 0.59 | 38.71 |
表4
不同生长期下3种土层土壤的C、N、P化学计量特征及计量比的方差分析
化学计量 Stoichiometric | 平均值 Mean±SD | 土层深度 Soil depth | 生长期 Growth period | 土层深度*生长期 Soil depth*Growth period | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | ||
SOC | 0.16±0.05 | 114.781 | <0.001 | 12.427 | <0.001 | 5.573 | 0.001 |
TN | 0.11±0.04 | 113.868 | <0.001 | 13.621 | <0.001 | 2.117 | 0.089 |
TP | 0.35±0.02 | 4.944 | 0.016 | 4.586 | 0.011 | 0.694 | 0.657 |
SOC∶TN | 1.63±0.59 | 8.023 | 0.002 | 24.563 | <0.001 | 6.103 | 0.001 |
SOC∶TP | 0.45±0.13 | 85.479 | <0.001 | 10.619 | <0.001 | 5.617 | 0.001 |
TN∶TP | 0.31±0.12 | 72.991 | <0.001 | 12.732 | <0.001 | 1.186 | 0.347 |
表5
不同植物与土层土壤C、N、P及化学计量比相关性分析
物种 Species | 土层深度 Soil depth /cm | 指标 Index | SOC | TN | TP | SOC∶TN | SOC∶TP | TN∶TP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
飘带果 L. undulata | 0~5 | C | -0.442 | -0.285 | 0.619* | -0.225 | -0.601* | -0.417 |
N | -0.670* | -0.453 | -0.391 | -0.318 | -0.584 | -0.291 | ||
P | -0.783** | -0.600* | -0.101 | -0.296 | -0.732** | -0.492 | ||
C∶N | 0.662* | 0.490 | 0.356 | 0.264 | 0.549 | 0.331 | ||
C∶P | 0.807** | 0.583* | 0.064 | 0.336 | 0.766** | 0.486 | ||
N∶P | 0.741** | 0.540 | -0.334 | 0.306 | 0.806** | 0.552 | ||
5~10 | C | -0.247 | -0.085 | -0.151 | 0.061 | -0.151 | -0.053 | |
N | -0.791** | 0.326 | -0.024 | -0.415 | -0.711** | 0.304 | ||
P | -0.722** | 0.006 | 0.021 | -0.120 | -0.664* | -0.010 | ||
C∶N | 0.765** | -0.230 | -0.080 | 0.337 | 0.727** | -0.191 | ||
C∶P | 0.716** | 0.041 | -0.145 | 0.093 | 0.699* | 0.077 | ||
N∶P | 0.417 | 0.394 | -0.136 | -0.275 | 0.419 | 0.407 | ||
10~15 | C | -0.126 | -0.199 | -0.028 | 0.090 | -0.144 | -0.168 | |
N | -0.119 | -0.058 | -0.193 | 0.002 | -0.078 | -0.011 | ||
P | 0.091 | -0.414 | -0.080 | 0.319 | 0.107 | -0.375 | ||
C∶N | -0.006 | 0.105 | 0.159 | -0.090 | -0.042 | 0.061 | ||
C∶P | -0.140 | 0.441 | 0.021 | -0.353 | -0.143 | 0.394 | ||
N∶P | -0.295 | 0.772** | -0.154 | -0.618* | -0.257 | 0.731** | ||
琉苞菊 H. pulchella | 0~5 | C | -0.742** | -0.605** | -0.101 | -0.268 | -0.695* | -0.508 |
N | 0.740** | 0.544 | 0.184 | 0.316 | 0.675* | 0.430 | ||
P | -0.658** | -0.346 | -0.325 | -0.410 | -0.558 | -0.217 | ||
C∶N | 0.064 | -0.224 | 0.271 | 0.285 | -0.020 | -0.276 | ||
C∶P | 0.741** | 0.362 | 0.335 | 0.480 | 0.633* | 0.224 | ||
N∶P | 0.783** | 0.615* | 0.032 | 0.311 | 0.753* | 0.534 | ||
5~10 | C | -0.063 | 0.166 | -0.017 | -0.192 | -0.066 | 0.154 | |
N | -0.786** | 0.351 | 0.017 | -0.454 | -0.711** | 0.313 | ||
P | -0.833** | 0.253 | 0.059 | -0.362 | -0.762** | 0.231 | ||
C∶N | 0.793** | -0.246 | -0.041 | -0.350 | 0.752** | -0.209 | ||
C∶P | 0.811** | -0.103 | -0.124 | -0.230 | 0.757** | -0.076 | ||
N∶P | 0.347 | 0.098 | -0.106 | -0.035 | 0.333 | 0.094 | ||
10~15 | C | -0.121 | 0.095 | -0.562 | -0.082 | 0.012 | 0.200 | |
N | -0.119 | 0.077 | -0.145 | -0.079 | -0.093 | 0.109 | ||
P | -0.184 | -0.136 | -0.289 | 0.020 | -0.125 | -0.071 | ||
C∶N | 0.001 | 0.052 | -0.035 | -0.049 | 0.016 | 0.044 | ||
C∶P | 0.087 | 0.285 | 0.156 | -0.153 | 0.057 | 0.233 | ||
N∶P | 0.114 | 0.356 | 0.283 | -0.178 | 0.050 | 0.284 | ||
假狼紫草 N. caspica | 0~5 | C | -0.740** | -0.644* | -0.212 | -0.220 | -0.665* | -0.510 |
N | 0.740** | 0.544 | 0.184 | 0.316 | 0.675* | 0.430 | ||
P | -0.746** | -0.629* | -0.082 | -0.232 | -0.704* | -0.532 | ||
C∶N | -0.088 | 0.141 | -0.110 | -0.232 | -0.046 | 0.165 | ||
C∶P | 0.713** | 0.700* | 0.020 | 0.131 | 0.689* | 0.615* | ||
N∶P | 0.691* | 0.758** | 0.037 | 0.052 | 0.664* | 0.658* | ||
5~10 | C | -0.153 | -0.139 | -0.022 | 0.079 | -0.103 | -0.130 | |
N | -0.793** | 0.187 | -0.171 | -0.257 | -0.648* | 0.210 | ||
P | -0.700* | 0.047 | 0.060 | -0.142 | -0.656* | 0.029 | ||
C∶N | 0.750** | -0.140 | 0.109 | 0.213 | 0.634* | -0.153 | ||
C∶P | 0.688* | 0.040 | -0.140 | 0.074 | 0.674* | 0.069 | ||
N∶P | 0.469 | 0.148 | -0.284 | -0.036 | 0.534 | 0.210 | ||
10~15 | C | -0.159 | 0.031 | 0.495 | -0.128 | -0.291 | -0.053 | |
N | -0.286 | 0.064 | -0.412 | -0.119 | -0.210 | 0.144 | ||
P | -0.020 | -0.234 | -0.435 | 0.193 | 0.081 | -0.127 | ||
C∶N | 0.187 | 0.020 | 0.502 | 0.016 | 0.083 | -0.081 | ||
C∶P | -0.060 | 0.334 | 0.434 | -0.292 | -0.163 | 0.219 | ||
N∶P | -0.230 | 0.463 | 0.302 | -0.438 | -0.313 | 0.364 | ||
尖喙牻牛儿苗 E. oxyrrhynchum | 0~5 | C | -0.718** | -0.656* | -0.220 | -0.175 | -0.638* | -0.514 |
N | 0.740** | 0.544 | 0.184 | 0.316 | 0.675* | 0.430 | ||
P | -0.665* | -0.521 | -0.336 | -0.235 | -0.557 | -0.363 | ||
C∶N | 0.137 | 0.347 | -0.253 | -0.195 | 0.199 | 0.371 | ||
C∶P | 0.655* | 0.555 | 0.207 | 0.187 | 0.582* | 0.427 | ||
N∶P | 0.679* | 0.725** | 0.011 | 0.070 | 0.657* | 0.633* | ||
5~10 | C | 0.187 | -0.178 | 0.523 | 0.126 | 0.006 | -0.268 | |
N | -0.707* | 0.288 | -0.310 | -0.307 | -0.552 | 0.323 | ||
P | -0.767** | 0.132 | -0.202 | -0.195 | -0.629* | 0.156 | ||
C∶N | 0.636* | -0.185 | 0.320 | 0.202 | 0.484 | -0.226 | ||
C∶P | 0.713** | -0.030 | 0.135 | 0.108 | 0.600* | -0.048 | ||
N∶P | 0.524 | 0.230 | -0.167 | -0.097 | 0.509 | 0.250 | ||
10~15 | C | -0.084 | -0.226 | -0.260 | 0.151 | -0.030 | -1.480 | |
N | 0.120 | 0.182 | 0.325 | -1.030 | 0.051 | 0.101 | ||
P | -0.132 | -0.105 | -0.249 | -0.050 | -0.082 | -0.041 | ||
C∶N | 0.213 | 0.076 | 0.279 | 0.031 | 0.160 | 0.012 | ||
C∶P | 0.042 | 0.221 | 0.234 | -0.165 | -0.006 | 0.148 | ||
N∶P | 0.032 | 0.345 | 0.286 | -0.249 | -0.029 | 0.253 |
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