Bulletin of Botanical Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 700-711.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.008
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Yu-Qing TANG1, Fei SUN2, Hai-Long LIU2, Sai GAO1, Hong-Na LI1, Jie ZHANG1()
Received:
2021-03-18
Online:
2021-09-20
Published:
2021-07-05
Contact:
Jie ZHANG
E-mail:zhangjie2067@nefu.edu.cn;zhangjie2067@163.com
About author:
TANG Yu-Qing(1996—),female,postgraduate,mainly engaged in landscape plant research and application.
Supported by:
CLC Number:
Yu-Qing TANG, Fei SUN, Hai-Long LIU, Sai GAO, Hong-Na LI, Jie ZHANG. Plant Screening in Dumping Site of Duobaoshan Copper Mine in Heilongjiang Based on AHP Method[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(5): 700-711.
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URL: https://bbr.nefu.edu.cn/EN/10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.008
Table 1
List of plants to be screened
序号 Number | 名称 Name | 科名 Family name | 属名 Generic name |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 毛百合Lilium dauricum | 百合科Liliaceae | 百合属Lilium |
2 | 沙地柏Sabina vulgaris | 柏科Cupressaceae | 圆柏属Sabina |
3 | 爬地柏Sabina procumbens | 柏科Cupressaceae | 圆柏属Sabina |
4 | 东北茶藨子Ribes mandshuricum | 茶藨子科Grossulariaceae | 茶藨子属Ribes |
5 | 藿香Agastache rugosa | 唇形科Lamiaceae | 藿香属Agastache |
6 | 紫穗槐Amorpha fruticosa | 豆科Leguminosae | 紫穗槐属Amorpha |
7 | 胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor | 豆科Leguminosae | 胡枝子属Lespedeza |
8 | 小叶锦鸡儿Caragana microphylla | 豆科Leguminosae | 锦鸡儿属Caragana |
9 | 山槐Maachkia amurensis | 豆科Leguminosae | 马鞍树属Maackia |
10 | 松东锦鸡Caragana ussuriensis | 豆科Leguminosae | 锦鸡儿属Caragana |
11 | 锦鸡Caragana sinica | 豆科Leguminosae | 锦鸡儿属Caragana |
12 | 兴安杜鹃Rhododendron dauricum | 杜鹃花科Ericaceae | 杜鹃花属Rhododendron |
13 | 芦苇Phragmites australis | 禾本科Poaceae | 芦苇属Phragmites |
14 | 核桃楸Juglans mandshurica | 胡桃科Juglandaceae | 胡桃属Juglans |
15 | 沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides | 胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae | 沙棘属Hippophae |
16 | 白桦Betula platyphylla | 桦木科Betulaceae | 桦木属Betula |
17 | 榛子Corylus heterophylla | 桦木科Betulaceae | 榛属Corylus |
18 | 黑桦Betula dahurica | 桦木科Betulaceae | 桦木属Betula |
19 | 毛榛Corylus mandshurica | 桦木科Betulaceae | 榛属Corylus |
20 | 紫椴Tilia amurensis | 椴树科Tiliaceae | 锻属Tilia |
21 | 牛蒡Arctium lappa | 菊科Compositae | 牛蒡属Arctium |
22 | 蒙古栎Quercus mongolica | 壳斗科Fagaceae | 栎属Quercus |
23 | 柳兰Chamerion angustifolium | 柳叶菜科Onagraceae | 柳叶菜属Epilobium |
24 | 侧金盏花Adonis amurensis | 毛茛科Ranunculaceae | 侧金盏属Adonis |
25 | 暴马丁香Syringa ticulata var. mandshurica | 木犀科Oleaceae | 丁香属Syringa |
26 | 水曲柳Fraxinus mandshurica | 木犀科Oleaceae | 白蜡属Fraxinus |
27 | 东北连翘Forsythia suspensa | 木犀科Oleaceae | 连翘属Forsythia |
28 | 紫丁香Syringa oblata | 木犀科Oleaceae | 丁香属Syringa |
29 | 白丁香Syringa oblata Lindl. var. alba | 木犀科Oleaceae | 丁香属Syringa |
30 | 小叶丁香Syringa microphylla | 木犀科Oleaceae | 丁香属Syringa |
31 | 连翘Forsythia suspensa | 木犀科Oleaceae | 连翘属Forsythia |
32 | 山葡萄Vitis amurensis | 葡萄科Vitaceae | 葡萄属Vitis |
33 | 柳叶绣线菊Spiraea salicifolia | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 绣线菊属Spiraea |
34 | 山荆子Malus baccata | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 苹果属Malus |
35 | 兴安刺玫Rosa davurica | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 蔷薇属Rosa |
36 | 珍珠梅Sorbaria sorbifolia | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 珍珠梅属Sorbaria |
37 | 花楸Sorbus pohuashanensis | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 花楸属Sorbus |
38 | 牛叠肚Rubus crataegifolius | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 悬钩子属Rubus |
39 | 稠李Prunus padus | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 稠李属Padus |
40 | 山杏Armeniaca sibirica | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 杏属Armeniaca |
41 | 秋子梨Pyrus ussuriensis | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 梨属Pyrus |
42 | 榆叶梅Prunus triloba | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 桃属Amygdalus |
43 | 刺蔷薇Rosa acicularis | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 蔷薇属Rosa |
44 | 麻叶绣线菊Spiraea cantoniensis | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 绣线菊属Spiraea |
45 | 珍珠绣线菊Spiraea thunbergii | 蔷薇科Rosaceae | 绣线菊属Spiraea |
46 | 金缕梅Potentilla fruticosa | 金缕梅科Hamamelidaceae | 金缕梅属Hamamelis |
47 | 金银木Lonicera maackii | 忍冬科Caprifoliaceae | 忍冬属Lonicera |
48 | 天目琼花Viburnum sargentii | 忍冬科Caprifoliaceae | 荚蒾属Viburnum |
49 | 红瑞木Cornus alba | 山茱萸科Cornaceae | 山茱萸属Macrocarpium |
50 | 石竹Dianthus chinensis | 石竹科Caryophyllaceae | 石竹属Dianthus |
51 | 鼠李Rhamnus davurica | 鼠李科Rhamnaceae | 鼠李属Rhamnus |
52 | 樟子松Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica | 松科Pinaceae | 松属Pinus |
53 | 兴安落叶松Larix gmelinii | 松科Pinaceae | 松属Pinus |
54 | 红皮云杉Picea koraiensis | 松科Pinaceae | 云杉属Picea |
55 | 鱼鳞云杉Picea jezoensis var. microsperma | 松科Pinaceae | 云杉属Picea |
56 | 卫矛Euonymus alatus | 卫矛科Celastraceae | 卫矛属Euonymus |
57 | 瘤枝卫矛Euonymus verrucosus | 卫矛科Celastraceae | 卫矛属Euonymus |
58 | 色木槭Acer mono | 槭树科Aceraceae | 槭属Acer |
59 | 复叶槭Acer negundo | 槭树科Aceraceae | 槭属Acer |
60 | 元宝槭Acer truncatum | 槭树科Aceraceae | 槭属Acer |
61 | 花楷槭Acer ukurunduense | 槭树科Aceraceae | 槭属Acer |
62 | 接骨木Sambucus williamsii | 忍冬科Caprifoliaceae | 接骨木属Sambucus |
63 | 刺五加Eleutherococcus senticosus | 五加科Araliaceae | 五加属Acanthopanax |
64 | 银白杨Populus alba | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 杨属Populus |
65 | 山杨Populus davidiana | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 杨属Populus |
66 | 旱柳Salix matsudana | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 柳属Salix |
67 | 银中杨Populus alba ‘Berolinensis’ | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 杨属Populus |
68 | 香杨Populus koreana | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 杨属Populus |
69 | 大黄柳Salix raddeana | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 柳属Salix |
70 | 粉枝柳Salix rorida | 杨柳科Salicaceae | 柳属Salix |
71 | 榆树Ulmus pumila | 榆树Ulmaceae | 榆属Ulmus |
72 | 玉蝉花Iris ensata | 鸢尾科Iridaceae | 鸢尾属Iris |
73 | 马蔺Iris lactea | 鸢尾科Iridaceae | 鸢尾属Iris |
74 | 紫苜蓿Medicago sativa | 豆科Fabales | 苜蓿属Medicago |
Table 2
1~9 Scale codes
标度Scaling | 含义Meaning |
---|---|
1 | 表示两个因素相比,具有同样重要性 Indicates that two factors are equally important |
3 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素稍微重要 Indicates that compared to two factors,one factor is slightly more important than the other |
5 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素明显重要 Indicates that compared with two factors,one factor is obviously more important than the other |
7 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素强烈重要 Indicates that compared to two factors,one factor is more important than the other |
9 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素极端重要 Indicates that compared to two factors,one factor is extremely important than the other |
2-4-6-8 | 上述两相邻判断的中值 The median of the above two adjacent judgments |
Table 4
Grading standards for each indicator layer are delimited
具体指标层 Specific indicator layer | 评分等级Rating level | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5分 5 points | 4分 4 points | 3分 3 points | 2分 2 points | 1分 1 points | |
P1 | 36℃或者更低(2-9区) 36°C or lower(zone 2-9) | 30℃~36℃(3-9或3-10区) 30℃~36℃(3-9 or 3-10 zone) | 24℃~30℃(4-8区或4-9区) (Area 4-8 or Area 4-9) | 18℃~24℃(5-8/9/10区) 18℃~24℃(5-8/9/10 zone) | 18℃或者高-18℃(6-9、10区) 18℃ or higher -18℃(zone 6-9,10) |
P2 | 强耐阴 Strong tolerance | 喜光也耐荫 Hi light and shade | 强喜光,不耐荫蔽 Strong liking for light, intolerant of shade | ||
P3 | [200, | [301,400] | [401,500] | [501,600] | [601,700] |
P4 | 夏季滞尘能力强 Strong dust retention ability in summer | 夏季滞尘能力较强 Strong dust retention ability in summer | 夏季滞尘能力较弱 Weak dust retention ability in summer | ||
P5 | 根系发达,高效水土保持 Developed root system, efficient soil and water conservation | 根系发达,具有较优水土保持功能 Developed root system,with better soil and water conservation function | 根系发达,抗风性强,水土保持和防风固沙较优 Developed root system,strong wind resistance,good soil and water conservation and wind-proof and sand-fixing | 抗风性强,水土保持或防风固沙较优 Strong wind resistance,better for water and soil conservation or wind and sand fixation | 可促进立地条件的改善、水土的保持和防风固沙 It can promote the improvement of site conditions,water and soil conservation,and wind and sand fixation |
P6 | 植物常绿 Plant evergreen | 绿期约270多天 Green period is about 270 d | 绿期约240~270 d Green contract 240-270 d | 绿期约 210~240 d Green period is about 210-240 d | 绿期约180~210 d Green contract 180-210 d |
P7 | 生长速度快 Fast growth | 生长速度较快 Grow faster | 生长速度中等 Medium growth rate | 生长速度中等偏慢 Medium to slow growth rate | 生长速度慢 Slow growth rate |
P8 | 整体观赏效果俱佳 The overall viewing effect is excellent | 夏季或秋季整体观赏效果俱佳 Good overall viewing effect in summer or autumn | 夏季和秋季整体观赏效果较佳 The overall viewing effect is better in summer and autumn | 夏季或秋季整体观赏效果较佳 Better overall viewing effect in summer or autumn | 两季观赏效果一般 General viewing effect in two seasons |
P9 | 可粗放管理 Can be extensively managed | 较粗放管理 More extensive management | 进行一定精细管理 Carry out some fine management | ||
P10 | 黑河市内苗源充足(≥10 000株) Sufficient seedling sources in Heihe City(≥10 000 plants) | 黑河市苗源较不充足(≤5000株) The seedling source in Heihe City is relatively inadequate(≤5000 plants) | 黑河市内苗源不充足 Insufficient seedling resources in Heihe City |
Table 5
Judgment matrix and its weight relation of criterion hierarchy analysis
生态适应 Ecological adaptability | 生态防护 Ecological protection | 绿化效果 Greening effect | 经济性 Economy | Wi Weights | λmax Largest characteristic root | CR Single-level ranking consistency test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生态适应 Ecological adaptability | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0.482 1 | 4.5915 | 0.0815 |
生态防护 Ecological protection | 1/3 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 0.117 0 | ||
绿化效果 Greening effect | 1/4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0.217 8 | ||
经济性 Economy | 1/2 | 2 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.183 1 |
Table 6
AHP judgment matrix and its weight relation under ecological adaptability
抗寒性 Cold resistance | 耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 抗旱性 Drought resistance | Wi Weights | λmax Largest characteristic root | CR Single-level ranking consistency test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
抗寒性 Cold resistance | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0.489 4 | 3.494 2 | -0.117 5 |
耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 1/2 | 1 | 1/5 | 0.097 9 | ||
抗旱性 Drought resistance | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0.412 8 |
Table 8
Judgment matrix of hierarchical analysis and its weight relation under the greening effect
绿期 Green period | 生长速度 Growth rate | 景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | Wi Weights | λmax Largest characteristic root | CR Single-level ranking consistency test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
绿期 Green period | 1 | 8 | 3 | 0.7583 | 4.1549 | 0.0287 |
生长速度 Growth rate | 1/8 | 1 | 1/2 | 0.1043 | ||
景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | 1/3 | 2 | 1 | 0.2297 |
Table 11
Weight allocation table
评价方面 Evaluation aspect | 权重 Weights | 评价指标 Evaluation index | 权重 Weights |
---|---|---|---|
生态适应性 Ecological adaptability | 0.4821 | 抗旱性 Drought resistance | 0.489 4 |
抗寒性 Cold resistance | 0.097 9 | ||
耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 0.412 8 | ||
生态防护性 Ecological protection | 0.1170 | 防风固土 Windproof and soil | 0.25 |
改善空气质量 Improve air quality | 0.75 | ||
绿化效果 Greening effect | 0.2178 | 绿期 Green period | 0.758 3 |
生长速度 Growth rate | 0.104 3 | ||
景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | 0.229 7 | ||
经济性 Economy | 0.1831 | 养护管理成本 Maintenance management cost | 0.216 5 |
资源获取成本 Resource acquisition cost | 0.866 0 |
Table 12
10 Comprehensive evaluation of tree species
序号 Number | 抗寒性 Cold resistance | 耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 抗旱性 Drought resistance | 改善空气质量 Improve air quality | 防风固土 Windproof and soil | 绿期 Green period | 生长速度 Growth rate | 景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | 养护成本 Maintenance management cost | 资源获取成本 Maintenance management cost | 加权总分 Weighted total score | 排名 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
樟子松 Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.38 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 1.83 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 4.32 | 1 |
兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.03 | 0.35 | 1.46 | 0.20 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.57 | 3.85 | 2 |
蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.35 | 1.46 | 0.15 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.57 | 3.81 | 3 |
花楸 Sorbus pohuashanensis | 0.18 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.14 | 0.94 | 3.73 | 4 |
白桦 Betula platyphylla | 0.36 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.35 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.14 | 0.57 | 3.68 | 5 |
山荆子 Malus baccata | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.64 | 6 |
稠李 Prunus padus | 0.18 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 3.28 | 7 |
旱柳 Salix matsudana | 0.36 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.26 | 1.46 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 3.27 | 8 |
红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.26 | 1.83 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 3.22 | 9 |
山杏 Armeniaca sibirica | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 3.12 | 10 |
Table 13
10 Comprehensive evaluation of shrub species
序号 Number | 抗寒性 Cold resistance | 耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 抗旱性 Drought resistance | 改善空气质量 Improve air quality | 防风固土 Windproof and soil | 绿期 Green period | 生长速度 Growth rate | 景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | 养护成本 Maintenance management cost | 资源获取成本 Maintenance management cost | 加权总分 Weighted total score | 排名 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.44 | 1.46 | 0.25 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 4.16 | 1 |
珍珠梅 Sorbaria sorbifolia | 0.45 | 0.07 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1.46 | 0.25 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 4.09 | 2 |
紫穗槐 Amorpha fruticosa | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.44 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 4.03 | 3 |
柳叶绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.44 | 0.19 | 0.94 | 3.99 | 4 |
胡枝子 Lespedeza bicolor | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.72 | 5 |
紫丁香 Syringa oblata | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.73 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.72 | 6 |
榆叶梅 Prunus triloba | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1.10 | 0.20 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 3.64 | 7 |
兴安刺玫 Rosa davurica | 0.45 | 0.07 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.73 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 3.52 | 8 |
东北连翘 Forsythia suspensa | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 0.73 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 3.35 | 9 |
兴安杜鹃 Rhododendron dauricum | 0.36 | 0.07 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1.46 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 3.32 | 10 |
Table 14
8 comprehensive ranking of herbs
序号 Number | 抗寒性 Cold resistance | 耐阴性 Negative tolerance | 抗旱性 Drought resistance | 改善空气质量 Improve air quality | 防风固土 Windproof and soil | 绿期 Green period | 生长速度 Growth rate | 景观观赏性 Landscape viewing | 养护成本 Maintenance management cost | 资源获取成本 Maintenance management cost | 加权总分 Weighted total score | 排名 Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
马蔺 Iris lactea | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.37 | 1 |
石竹 Dianthus chinensis | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.19 | 2 |
玉蝉花 Iris ensata | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.19 | 3 |
紫苜蓿 Medicago sativa | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.06 | 4 |
毛百合 Lilium dauricum | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 3.04 | 5 |
柳兰 Chamerion angustifolium | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.23 | 0.09 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.94 | 2.98 | 6 |
藿香 Agastache rugosa | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 2.01 | 7 |
牛蒡 Arctium lappa | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 2.01 | 8 |
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