Abstract: Uising the light and scanning electronic microscopy, all stages of the development of gametophytes of Phyllitis japonica Komarov, Aspleniaceae from China have been studied. The spore is bilateral and monolete with a prominent perine. The pattern of spore gemination seems to be of centripetal. The germ filaments develop 2-8 cells, uniseriate. The prothallial develo-pment is of the Aspidium type. The prothalli are hairy, broad-round cordate and monoecious mainly. The antheridia are large. The necks of archegonia are slender and the basal parts of that are swelling. As compared with the main characters of gametophytes in Phyllitis scolopendrium (L.) Newman, the authors suppose they would be in a synonym.