Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Three Endangered Mangrove Species from Genus Sonneratia

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.02.008

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to illuminate population structures and dynamics of endangered mangrove species from genus Sonneratia，and provide a fundamental understanding and scientific basis for the protection and restoration of endangered mangrove species， the natural populations of three endangered mangrove species including Sonneratia × hainanensis， S. × gulngai， S. ovata were conducted as the research object， and the characteristics of population structure were described by establishing a static life table and drawing a population survival curve， and their future development trends were quantitatively described by population dynamic prediction and time series analysis respectively. The results showed that：（1）The populations structure of S. ovata was increasing type， while both S.× hainanensis and S. × gulngai were the declinated type due to the lack of young individuals. （2）The population survival curves of three endangered species showed the Deevey-Ⅱ type， and the mortality and disappearance curves of all populations showed the same trend， and showed a wavy line with the increase of age class. Both S.× hainanensis and S. × gulngai encountered obstacles in the aging stage， while S. ovata encountered bottlenecks in the development of young individuals. （3）The renewability of S.× hainanensis and S. × gulngai population was poor， and the population numbers would gradually decline in the future. The population of S. ovata had a good recovery potential， and the population number would increase gradually. However， if the population number of S. ovata decreased with the increase of age class， it might lead to the phenomenon of age class fault. （4）Human activities led to fragmentation of the original habitat， resulting in a series of environmental factors（light， salinity， tide， etc.） unsuitable for seed germination and seedling growth， which greatly inhibited the natural regeneration of the endangered species. Therefore， it would be recommended to step up efforts to protect the endangered natural populations in situ， optimization of ex situ conservation strategies and scientific implementation of field regression， carried out artificial assisted breeding to break through the problems of breeding， and ensured the normal renewal of the population.

Key words: Sonneratia, endangered mangrove plants, population structure, survival curve, survival analysis, time series

CLC Number:

S759.94

Mengwen ZHANG, Cairong ZHONG, Xiaobo LÜ, Zanshan FANG, Cheng CHENG. Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Three Endangered Mangrove Species from Genus Sonneratia[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(2): 231-241.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig.1

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种群动态指数级 Population dynamic index	动态指数 Dynamic index value /%
种群动态指数级 Population dynamic index	海南海桑 S.×hainanensis	拟海桑 S.×gulngai	卵叶海桑 S. ovata
V₁	-100.00	-100.00	57.02
V₂	-84.00	-50.00	16.33
V₃	-16.67	0.00	75.61
V₄	16.67	-88.89	20.00
V₅	-7.41	-43.75	87.50
V₆	70.37	-27.27	0.00
V₇	-20.00	11.36	100.00
V₈	50.00	61.54	—
V₉	100.00	13.33	—
V₁₀	-100.00	61.54	—
V_pi	9.56	11.77	50.89
V′ _pi	0.44	0.53	4.63

种群 Population	龄级χ Age class	A_χ	a_χ	l_χ	lnl_χ	d_χ	q_χ	L_χ	T_χ	e_χ	K_χ
海南海桑 S.×hainanensis	Ⅰ	0	32	1 000	6.908	156	0.156	922	3 750	3.750	0.170
	Ⅱ	4	27	844	6.738	156	0.185	766	2 828	3.352	0.205
	Ⅲ	25	22	688	6.533	156	0.227	609	2 063	3.000	0.258
	Ⅳ	30	17	531	6.275	156	0.294	453	1 453	2.735	0.348
	Ⅴ	25	12	375	5.927	125	0.333	313	1 000	2.667	0.405
	Ⅵ	27	8	250	5.521	63	0.250	219	688	2.750	0.288
	Ⅶ	8	6	188	5.234	31	0.167	172	469	2.500	0.182
	Ⅷ	10	5	156	5.051	31	0.200	141	297	1.900	0.223
	Ⅸ	5	4	125	4.828	63	0.500	94	156	1.250	0.693
	Ⅹ	0	2	63	4.135	31	0.500	47	63	1.000	0.693
	Ⅺ	2	1	31	3.442	31	1.000	16	16	0.512	—
拟海桑 S.×gulngai	Ⅰ	0	42	1 000	6.908	143	0.143	929	3 524	3.524	0.154
	Ⅱ	1	36	857	6.754	214	0.250	750	2 595	3.028	0.288
	Ⅲ	2	27	643	6.466	143	0.222	571	1 845	2.870	0.251
	Ⅳ	2	21	500	6.215	143	0.286	429	1 274	2.548	0.336
	Ⅴ	18	15	357	5.878	119	0.333	298	845	2.367	0.405
	Ⅵ	32	10	238	5.473	71	0.300	202	548	2.300	0.357
	Ⅶ	44	7	167	5.116	48	0.286	143	345	2.071	0.336
	Ⅷ	39	5	119	4.780	48	0.400	95	202	1.700	0.511
	Ⅸ	15	3	71	4.269	24	0.333	60	107	1.500	0.405
	Ⅹ	13	2	48	3.863	24	0.500	36	48	1.000	0.693
	Ⅺ	5	1	24	3.170	24	1.000	12	12	0.504	—
卵叶海桑 S. ovata	Ⅰ	114	96	842	6.736	412	0.490	636	1 544	1.833	0.673
	Ⅱ	49	49	430	6.063	70	0.163	395	908	2.112	0.178
	Ⅲ	41	41	360	5.885	272	0.756	224	513	1.427	1.411
	Ⅳ	10	10	88	4.474	26	0.300	75	289	3.300	0.357
	Ⅴ	8	7	61	4.117	9	0.143	57	215	3.500	0.154
	Ⅵ	1	6	53	3.963	9	0.167	48	158	3.000	0.182
	Ⅶ	1	5	44	3.781	9	0.200	39	110	2.500	0.223
	Ⅷ	0	4	35	3.558	9	0.250	31	70	2.000	0.288
	Ⅸ	0	3	26	3.270	9	0.333	22	39	1.500	0.405
	Ⅹ	0	2	18	2.865	9	0.500	13	18	1.000	0.693
	Ⅺ	0	1	9	2.172	9	1.000	4	4	0.500	—

种群 Population	龄级 Age class	原始数据 Primary data	M₂^（1）	M₄^（1）	M₆^（1）	M₈^（1）	M₁₀^（1）
海南海桑 S.×hainanensis	Ⅰ	0
	Ⅱ	4	2.00
	Ⅲ	25	14.50
	Ⅳ	30	27.50	14.75
	Ⅴ	25	27.50	21.00
	Ⅵ	27	26.00	26.75	18.50
	Ⅶ	8	17.50	22.50	19.83
	Ⅷ	10	9.00	17.50	20.83	16.13
	Ⅸ	5	7.50	12.50	17.50	16.75
	Ⅹ	0	2.50	5.75	12.50	16.25	13.40
	Ⅺ	2	1.00	4.25	8.67	13.38	13.60
拟海桑 S.×gulngai	Ⅰ	0
	Ⅱ	1	0.50
	Ⅲ	2	1.50
	Ⅳ	2	2.00	1.25
	Ⅴ	18	10.00	5.75
	Ⅵ	32	25.00	13.50	9.17
	Ⅶ	44	38.00	24.00	16.50
	Ⅷ	39	41.50	33.25	22.83	17.25
	Ⅸ	15	27.00	32.50	25.00	19.13
	Ⅹ	13	14.00	27.75	26.83	20.63	16.60
	Ⅺ	5	9.00	18.00	24.67	21.00	17.10
卵叶海桑 S. ovata	Ⅰ	114
	Ⅱ	49	81.50
	Ⅲ	41	45.00
	Ⅳ	10	25.50	53.50
	Ⅴ	8	9.00	27.00
	Ⅵ	1	4.50	15.00	37.17
	Ⅶ	1	1.00	5.00	18.33
	Ⅷ	0	0.50	2.50	10.17	28.00
	Ⅸ	0	0.00	0.50	3.33	13.75
	Ⅹ	0	0.00	0.25	1.67	7.63	22.40
	Ⅺ	0	0.00	0.00	0.33	2.50	11.00

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