Dynamics Change of Soil Moisture in Mountain Jujube Forest after Rainy Season in Loess Area of Northern Shaanxi Province

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2020.04.010

Abstract

Abstract: With the jujube forest, apple forest and abandoned grassland in the Qijiashan jujube test base of Yanchuan, northern Shaanxi as the research objects, we studied the dynamic change of soil moisture. There were significant differences in soil moisture among jujube forests at different slope positions, slope directions and land preparation methods. Among them, the highest soil moisture of all slope positions was in the lower slope, being 14.19%; the highest soil moisture of all slope directions was in the shady slope, being 14.19%; the soil moisture of the horizontal terrace was significantly higher than that of the original slope. The vertical trends of soil moisture among different vegetation types in the study area were basically same. The soil moisture of jujube forest was the highest, 11.49%; the soil water storage in 0 to 100 cm of different vegetation types was jujube forest land(144.76 mm) > apple land(124.19 mm) > the smallest(72.20 mm). There were differences in soil water storage deficits of different vegetation types. Before the rainy season, the 0 to 20 cm soil layer had the smallest deficit, and the sequence of the average deficit degree from high to low was grassland, jujube forest and apple forest; after the rainy season, the descending sequence of the soil water deficit was grassland, apple forest and jujube forest. Soil water deficit after the rainy season was higher than that before the rainy season, except jujube forest. After the rainy season, the soil water deficit in the 0 to 20 cm soil layer of the three vegetation types in the study area increased; in the 20 to 100 cm soil layer, the soil water storage compensation degree of the jujube forest was positive, and the soil moisture was compensated, but the highest compensation degree was only 22.95%, and the soil moisture of jujube forest was still in a state of deficit and had not fully recovered. The soil water storage compensation degree of apple forest was negative, indicating that the soil water deficit was further aggravated. The grassland soil water compensation degree maintained around 0, and the soil water deficit did not continue to deteriorate.

Key words: loess area in Northern Shaanxi, jujube forest, soil water storage, soil water deficit degree, soil water storage compensation degree

CLC Number:

S152.7

AI Ning, ZONG Qiao-Yu, GAO Jin-Xu, QIANG Da-Hong, LIU Chang-Hai. Dynamics Change of Soil Moisture in Mountain Jujube Forest after Rainy Season in Loess Area of Northern Shaanxi Province[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(4): 559-567.

References

[1] 梁超,郝文芳,袁丁.黄土丘陵区不同植被群落土壤水分研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(2):103-106,111.Liang C,Hao W F,Yuan D.Study on the soil water of different vegetation communities in the loess hilly-gully region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(2):103-106,111.
[2] 段良霞,黄明斌,张洛丹,等.黄土高原沟壑区坡地土壤水分状态空间模拟[J].水科学进展,2015,26(5):649-659.Duan L X,Huang M B,Zhang L D,et al.State-space prediction of soil water content on a hillslope in the gully region of the Loess Plateau,China[J].Advances in Water Science,2015,26(5):649-659.
[3] Chen L D,Wang J P,Wei W,et al.Effects of landscape restoration on soil water storage and water use in the Loess Plateau region,China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2010,259(7):1291-1298.
[4] Yang L,Wei W,Chen L D,et al.Response of temporal variation of soil moisture to vegetation restoration in semi-arid Loess Plateau,China[J].CATENA,2014,115:123-133.
[5] 白盛元,汪有科,马建鹏,等.黄土高原半干旱区降雨入渗试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(2):218-223,231.Bai S Y,Wang Y K,Ma J P,et al.Experimental study on rainfall infiltration in semiarid region of the Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2016,34(2):218-223,231.
[6] 张建军,李慧敏,徐佳佳.黄土高原水土保持林对土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):7056-7066.Zhang J J,Li H M,Xu J J.Soil moisture dynamics of water and soil conservation forest on the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(23):7056-7066.
[7] 王延平,邵明安.陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区人工草地的土壤水分植被承载力[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(18):134-141.Wang Y P,Shao M A.Vegetation soil water carrying capacity of artificial pasture in loess region in Northern Shaanxi,China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(18):134-141.
[8] D'odorico P,Ridolfi L,Porporato A,et al.Preferential states of seasonal soil moisture:the impact of climate fluctuations[J].Water Resources Research,2000,36(8):2209-2219.
[9] Liu S Y,Wang Y K,Wei X D,et al.Measured and estimated evapotranspiration of jujube(Ziziphus jujuba) forests in the Loess Plateau,China[J].International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,2013,15(5):811-819.
[10] Ma L H,Liu X L,Wang Y K,et al.Effects of drip irrigation on deep root distribution,rooting depth,and soil water profile of jujube in a semiarid region[J].Plant and Soil,2013,373(1-2):995-1006.
[11] 刘晓丽,马理辉,汪有科.滴灌密植枣林细根及土壤水分分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(17):63-71.Liu X L,Ma L H,Wang Y K.Distribution characteristic of fine root and soil water of densely jujube plantation with drip irrigation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(17):63-71.
[12] 任玉忠,王水献,谢蕾,等.干旱区不同灌溉方式对枣树水分利用效率和果实品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(22):95-102.Ren Y Z,Wang S X,Xie L,et al.Effects of irrigation methods on water use efficiency and fruit quality of jujube in arid area[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(22):95-102.
[13] Chen D Y,Wang Y K,Liu S Y,et al.Response of relative sap flow to meteorological factors under different soil moisture conditions in rainfed jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) plantations in semiarid Northwest China[J].Agricultural Water Management,2014,136:23-33.
[14] 魏新光,王铁良,刘守阳,等.种植年限对黄土丘陵半干旱区山地枣树蒸腾的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):171-180.Wei X G,Wang T L,Liu S Y,et al.Effect of planting years on jujube transpiration in semi-arid hilly areas of Loess Plateau[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):171-180.
[15] 魏新光,聂真义,刘守阳,等.黄土丘陵区枣林土壤水分动态及其对蒸腾的影响[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):130-140.Wei X G,Nie Z Y,Liu S Y,et al.Soil Moisture Characteristics and Its Influence on Jujube Tree Transpiration in Loess Hilly Region[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(6):130-140.
[16] 魏新光,陈滇豫,Liu S Y,等.修剪对黄土丘陵区枣树蒸腾的调控作用[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(12):194-202,315.Wei X G,Chen D Y,Liu S Y,et al.Effect of trim on jujube transpiration in loess hilly region[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):194-202,315.
[17] 孙三民,安巧霞,蔡焕杰,等.枣树间接地下滴灌根区土壤盐分运移规律研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(1):160-169.Sun S M,An Q X,Cai H J,et al.Research on salt movement law in jujube root zone under indirect subsurface drip irrigation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):160-169.
[18] 王进鑫,黄宝龙,罗伟祥.黄土高原人工林地水分亏缺的补偿与恢复特征[J].生态学报,2004,24(11):2395-2401.Wang J X,Huang B L,Luo W X.Compensation and rehabilitation characteristics of soil water deficit at a planted forest site of the drought-prone Loess Plateau[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(11):2395-2401.
[19] 王云强,邵明安,刘志鹏.黄土高原区域尺度土壤水分空间变异性[J].水科学进展,2012,23(3):310-316.Wang Y Q,Shao M A,Liu Z P.Spatial variability of soil moisture at a regional scale in the Loess Plateau[J].Advances in Water Science,2012,23(3):310-316.
[20] 安文明,梁海斌,王聪,等.黄土高原阴/阳坡向林草土壤水分随退耕年限的变化特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):6120-6127.An W M,Liang H B,Wang C,et al.Dynamic characteristic of soil water with an increase in restoration years on the shady and sunny slope aspects of the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(18):6120-6127.
[21] 马非,张亚红,谢应忠.半干旱黄土高原丘陵区不同植被条件下土壤水分研究进展[J].农业科学研究,2007,28(1):76-79.Ma F,Zhang Y H,Xie Y Z.Progress of the soil moisture under different vegetation condition in semi-arid hill area of Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2007,28(1):76-79.
[22] 谷丽萍,裴艳辉,郑科,等.整地方式对元谋干热河谷人工林土壤水分的影响[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):71-76.Gu L P,Pei Y H,Zheng K,et al.Influence of different site preparation on soil water content in dry-hot valley of Yuanmou county[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2017,46(6):71-76.
[23] 黄志刚,欧阳志云,李锋瑞.南方丘陵区不同坡地利用方式土壤水分动态[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):3136-3146.Huang Z G,Ouyang Z Y,Li F R.Spatial and temporal dynamics in soil water storage under different use types of sloping fields:a case study in a highland region of southern China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(6):3136-3146.
[24] 王力,卫三平,吴发启,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水分环境及植被生长响应——以燕沟流域为例[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1543-1553.Wang L,Wei S P,Wu F Q,et al.Soil water environment and vegetation growth in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau:a case study of Yangou Catchment[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(3):1543-1553.
[25] 朱乐天,焦峰,刘源鑫,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型土壤水分时空变异特征[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):115-118.Zhu L T,Jiao F,Liu Y X,et al.Spatio-temporal varation characteristics of soil moisture under different land uses in the loess hilly region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(6):115-118.
[26] 张钦弟,卫伟,陈利顶,等.黄土高原草地土壤水分和物种多样性沿降水梯度的分布格局[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(8):1351-1362.Zhang Q D,Wei W,Chen L D,et al.Spatial variation of soil moisture and species diversity patterns along a precipitation gradient in the grasslands of the Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(8):1351-1362.
[27] 李小英,段争虎.黄土高原土壤水分与植被相互作用研究进展[J].土壤通报,2013,43(6):1508-1514.Li X Y,Duan Z H.Review on the interaction between soil moisture and vegetation on the Loess Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2013,43(6):1508-1514.
[28] 周毅,魏天兴,解建强,等.黄土高原不同林地类型水土保持效益分析[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(3):12-16,21.Zhou Y,Wei T X,Xie J Q,et al.Different types of vegetation cover and water conservation benefits[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,25(3):12-16,21.