植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 294-309.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.02.009
• 研究论文column:Original Paper • 上一篇 下一篇
收稿日期:2025-06-09
出版日期:2026-03-20
发布日期:2026-04-02
通讯作者:
张瑶,王傲雪
E-mail:zy@neau.edu.cn;axwang@neau.edu.cn
作者简介:许韫鑫(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物抗逆研究。同等贡献作者。基金资助:
Yunxin XU1, Yuyan CONG2, Yao ZHANG1(
), Aoxue WANG2(
)
Received:2025-06-09
Online:2026-03-20
Published:2026-04-02
Contact:
Yao ZHANG, Aoxue WANG
E-mail:zy@neau.edu.cn;axwang@neau.edu.cn
摘要:
番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)早疫病由茄链格孢菌(Alternaria solani)侵染引发,由于其潜育期短且再侵染迅速,已成为影响番茄产量与品质的重要病害之一。相比传统化学防治方法,生物防治具有环境友好和绿色可持续的优势,展现出巨大的发展潜力。本研究从健康番茄根际土壤中筛选出1株对早疫病具有显著拮抗活性的芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)(编号C08),并优化其发酵条件,以发酵产物为基础制备可湿性粉剂。结果表明:该粉剂不仅对番茄早疫病表现出较高的防治效果,还能够显著促进植株生长,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)等抗氧化酶的活性,同时改善土壤中蔗糖酶与脲酶的活性,为番茄早疫病的绿色防控提供潜在的生物防治资源与应用基础。
中图分类号:
许韫鑫, 丛煜嫣, 张瑶, 王傲雪. 枯草芽孢杆菌C08可湿性粉剂研制及其对番茄早疫病防治效果[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(2): 294-309.
Yunxin XU, Yuyan CONG, Yao ZHANG, Aoxue WANG. Development of a Wettable Powder Formulation of Bacillus subtilis C08 and Its Biocontrol Efficacy Against Tomato Early Blight[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(2): 294-309.
表4
不同润湿剂对生防菌株C08可湿性粉剂的影响
润湿剂 Wetting agent | 悬浮率 Suspension rate/% | 润湿时间 Wetting time/s | 活菌数 Viable cell count/(108 CFU·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
达润DCM-82 Darun DCM-82 | 45.33±2.07b | 43.77±2.17b | 1.91±0.51b |
十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS) Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate | 53.39±1.28a | 38.76±1.83c | 2.17±0.08a |
吐温-80 Tween-80 | 51.52±1.40a | 64.30±1.13a | 1.82±0.22b |
达润D317 Darun D317 | 41.39±1.70b | 42.33±1.84b | 1.41±0.04c |
表5
不同分散剂对生防菌株 C08可湿性粉剂的影响
分散剂 Dispersant | 悬浮率 Suspension rate/% | 润湿时间 Wetting time/s | 活菌数 Viable cell count/(108 CFU·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS) Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 65.33±2.07b | 51.77±1.17a | 1.91±0.41b |
聚乙二醇8000 PEG8000 | 53.39±1.28c | 42.76±1.73b | 1.88±0.08b |
木质素磺酸钙 Calcium lignosulfonate | 75.52±1.23a | 44.30±1.13b | 2.18±0.03a |
羧甲基纤维素钠 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose | 61.39±1.70b | 52.33±1.84a | 1.42±0.04c |
表6
不同润湿剂和分散剂比例对生防菌株C08可湿性粉剂的影响
比例 Ratio | 悬浮率 Suspension rate/% | 润湿时间 Wetting time/s | 活菌数 Viable cell count/(108 CFU·g-1) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1∶9 | 71.33±2.37b | 66.77±1.17a | 1.91±0.41b |
| 2∶8 | 78.52±0.53a | 56.21±1.52b | 2.23±0.18b |
| 3∶7 | 70.12±1.33b | 53.30±1.13c | 2.26±0.03a |
| 4∶6 | 71.39±1.41b | 53.33±1.84c | 1.61±0.04c |
| 5∶5 | 65.22±1.48c | 51.21±1.04c | 1.63±0.84c |
| 6∶4 | 66.39±1.51c | 50.79±0.54c | 1.57±0.54d |
| 7∶3 | 71.28±0.21b | 47.75±0.22d | 1.55±0.34d |
| 8∶2 | 63.39±1.55c | 44.98±0.29d | 1.53±0.07d |
| 9∶1 | 58.39±0.41d | 39.37±0.54e | 1.52±0.54d |
表12
生防菌株C08可湿性粉剂对幼苗形态指标的影响
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/mm | 茎粗 Stem diameter/mm | 根系鲜质量 Fresh root mass/g | 根系干质量 Dry root mass/g | 植株鲜质量 Fresh plant mass/g | 植株干质量 Dry plant mass/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
生防菌株C08可湿性粉剂 C08WP | 32.12±1.12a | 0.70±0.03a | 2.23±0.34a | 0.51±0.07a | 16.20±1.31a | 3.15±0.32a |
生防菌株C08发酵液 C08 fermentation broth | 26.00±1.75b | 0.65±0.04c | 1.44±0.23c | 0.22±0.03c | 10.26±1.30b | 2.24±0.15b |
多菌灵 Carbendazim | 27.00±1.88b | 0.68±0.04b | 1.76±0.43b | 0.27±0.02b | 15.76±0.33a | 2.21±0.08b |
对照 Control | 21.14±1.18c | 0.60±0.03d | 1.34±0.20d | 0.20±0.02c | 8.84±0.73c | 2.19±0.05c |
| [1] | 李靓.基于产业链视角的蔬菜价格形成研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2018. |
| LI J.Study on the formation of vegetable price based on industrial chain[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2018. | |
| [2] | 李明远.番茄早疫病及其易混淆的一些病害[J].蔬菜,2022(7):82-84. |
| LI M Y.Early blight of tomato and some easily confused diseases[J].Vegetables,2022(7):82-84. | |
| [3] | 李军安.保护地番茄早疫病防治新技术[J].河南农业,2022(4):27. |
| LI J A.New techniques for the control of tomato early blight in protected cultivation[J].Henan Agriculture,2022(4):27. | |
| [4] | 宋根苗,蒋家珍,邱立红.噻霉酮和苯醚甲环唑混配对4种不同病原菌的增效作用[J].植物保护,2012,38(4):171-174. |
| SONG G M, JIANG J Z, QIU L H.Synergistic activity of benziothiazolinone/difenoconazole complex against four different fungi[J].Plant Protection,2012,38(4):171-174. | |
| [5] | SHATTUCK A, WERNER M, MEMPEL F,et al.Global pesticide use and trade database(GloPUT):new estimates show pesticide use trends in low-income countries substantially underestimated[J].Global Environmental Change,2023,81:102693. |
| [6] | POVEDA J, ROESCHLIN R A, MARANO M R,et al.Microorganisms as biocontrol agents against bacterial citrus diseases[J].Biological Control,2021,158:104602. |
| [7] | VANITTANAKOM N, LOEFFLER W, KOCH U,et al.Fengycin-a novel antifungal lipopeptide antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis F-29-3[J].The Journal of Antibiotics,1986,39(7):888-901. |
| [8] | ZOU Y K, ZHANG J N, YANG D L,et al.Effects of different land use patterns on nifH genetic diversity of soil nitrogen-fixing microbial communities in Leymus Chinensis steppe[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(3):150-156. |
| [9] | CWALINA-AMBROZIAK B, NOWAK M K.The effects of biological and chemical controls on fungal communities colonising tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants and soil[J].Folia Horticulturae,2012,24(1):13-20. |
| [10] | 杨文娟,余君,杨春雷,等.烟草化感自毒物质降解复合菌剂的优化及应用效果评价[J].微生物学报,2024,64(4):1044-1063. |
| YANG W J, YU J, YANG C L,et al.Optimization and evaluation of a compound bacterial agent degrading autotoxins of tobacco[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2024,64(4):1044-1063. | |
| [11] | LAKOWITZ A, GODARD T, BIEDENDIECK R,et al.Mini review:recombinant production of tailored bio-pharmaceuticals in different Bacillus strains and future perspectives[J].European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics,2018,126:27-39. |
| [12] | 秦旭,冯艳娟,羊国根,等.小麦全蚀病菌拮抗细菌的筛选及生防效果[J].植物保护学报,2023,50(3):716-724. |
| QIN X, FENG Y J, YANG G G,et al.Screening and evaluation of antagonistic bacteria as biocontrol agents against fungal pathogen Gaeumannomyces tritici [J].Journal of Plant Protection,2023,50(3):716-724. | |
| [13] | 马朝旭,蒋晓,李林辉,等.桑椹菌核病的绿色防控研究进展[J].西华师范大学学报(自然科学版),2025,46(2):127-133. |
| MA Z X, JIANG X, LI L H,et al.Research progress on green prevention and control of mulberry sclerotial disease[J].Journal of China West Normal University (Natural Sciences),2025,46(2):127-133. | |
| [14] | 尹杨燕,彭昊,李小宁,等.枯草芽孢杆菌体外抑菌试验及其抑菌蛋白的鉴定[J].畜牧与兽医,2022,54(12):57-63. |
| YIN Y Y, PENG H, LI X N,et al.Antibacterial test in vitro of Bacillus subtilis and identification of its antibacterial proteins[J].Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2022,54(12):57-63. | |
| [15] | SRIVASTAVA R K, SINGH R K, PRASAD R D.Relative antogonistic effect of different isolates of Trichoderma viridi and Trichoderma harzanium against Rhizoctonia solani [J].National Academy Science Letters,2012,35(1):49-52. |
| [16] | PANDIN C, LE COQ D, DESCHAMPS J,et al.Complete genome sequence of Bacillus velezensis QST713:a biocontrol agent that protects Agaricus bisporus crops against the green mould disease[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2018,278:10-19. |
| [17] | MILIJAŠEVIĆ-MARČIĆ S, STEPANOVIĆ M, TODOROVIĆ B,et al.Biological control of green mould on Agaricus bisporus by a native Bacillus subtilis strain from mushroom compost[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2017,148(3):509-519. |
| [18] | MWANGI R W, KARIUKI S T, WAGARA I N.Biocontrol of green mould disease of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens [J].Journal of Biology,Agriculture and Healthcare,2017,7(10):25-30. |
| [19] | GENG P L, HU Y M, ZHOU G P,et al.Characterization of three autolysins with activity against cereulide-producing Bacillus isolates in food matrices[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2017,241:291-297. |
| [20] | 贺海滨,苏峻冬,滕凯,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2021(2):101-104. |
| HE H B, SU J D, TENG K,et al.Research progress on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens [J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2021(2):101-104. | |
| [21] | 刘露,李丽,闫洪雪,等.巨大芽孢杆菌的应用研究进展[J].北方农业学报,2016,44(4):117-120. |
| LIU L, LI L, YAN H X,et al.Research progress of application of Bacillus megaterium [J].Journal of Northern Agriculture,2016,44(4):117-120. | |
| [22] | 陈志谊.芽孢杆菌类生物杀菌剂的研发与应用[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):723-732. |
| CHEN Z Y.Research and application of bio-fungicide with Bacillus spp.[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2015,31(5):723-732. | |
| [23] | 王丽丽,朱诗君,狄蕊,等.微生物菌肥菌剂对番茄生长发育和产量品质的影响[J].土壤与作物,2022,11(1):88-95. |
| WANG L L, ZHU S J, DI R,et al.Effects of bio-organic fertilizer and microbial agent on the growth,yield and quality of tomato[J].Soil and Crops,2022,11(1):88-95. | |
| [24] | ZHANG X X, ZHANG R J, GAO J S,et al.Thirty-one years of rice-rice-green manure rotations shape the rhizosphere microbial community and enrich beneficial bacteria[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2017,104:208-217. |
| [25] | KHAN A R, MUSTAFA A, HYDER S,et al. Bacillus spp.as bioagents:uses and application for sustainable agriculture[J].Biology,2022,11(12):1763. |
| [26] | XIE Z Y, LI M M, WANG D K,et al.Biocontrol efficacy of Bacillus siamensis LZ88 against brown spot disease of tobacco caused by Alternaria alternata [J].Biological Control,2021,154:104508. |
| [27] | 杜丹超,朱莉,蒲占湑,等.淡紫紫孢菌ZJPL08可湿性粉剂研制及对柑橘木虱的毒力分析[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2024,50(5):747-757. |
| DU D C, ZHU L, PU Z X,et al.Development of Purpureocillium lilacinum ZJPL08 wettable powder and its toxicity to Diaphorina citri Kuwayama[J].Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences),2024,50(5):747-757. | |
| [28] | 赵春燕,安良聪,赵秋玲,等.贝莱斯芽孢杆菌JK-1可湿性粉剂研制及对辣椒褐腐病的防治效果[J].天津农业科学,2023,29(2):52-56. |
| ZHAO C Y, AN L C, ZHAO Q L,et al.Preparation of wettable powder for Bacillus velezensis JK-1 and control effect on brown rot of cayenne pepper[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2023,29(2):52-56. | |
| [29] | 敖明远,张晓云,郭庆港,等.防治蔬菜灰霉病枯草芽胞杆菌BAB-1水分散片剂的研制[J].中国生物防治学报,2022,38(2):404-413. |
| AO M Y, ZHANG X Y, GUO Q G,et al.Development of Bacillus subtilis BAB-1 water dispersible tablet to control vegetable gray mold[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2022,38(2):404-413. | |
| [30] | 赵新贝,王娟,上官妮妮,等.番茄灰霉病生防细菌TD-7的鉴定、发酵条件优化及其防治效果[J].中国生物防治学报,2019,35(2):226-239. |
| ZHAO X B, WANG J, SHANGGUAN N N,et al.Identification,fermentation condition optimization and control efficiency of biocontrol bacterium TD-7 against the tomato grey mould[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2019,35(2):226-239. | |
| [31] | 姚蒋庞,唐婧红,肖洋,等.响应面法制备黑曲霉浸膏水分散片剂及抗病促生作用[J].生物学杂志,2022,39(3):88-93. |
| YAO J P, TANG J H, XIAO Y,et al.Preparation of Aspergillus niger extract water dispersible tablets by response surface methodology and study on its anti-disease and growth-promoting effects[J].Journal of Biology,2022,39(3):88-93. | |
| [32] | 陈雨薇,王喜刚,郭成瑾,等.贝莱斯芽胞杆菌GZ8-6对马铃薯根际土壤酶活性的影响及促生作用[J].植物保护,2024,50(1):48-55. |
| CHEN Y W, WANG X G, GUO C J,et al.Effects of Bacillus velezensis GZ8-6 on the enzyme activities in potato rhizosphere soil and potato growth[J].Plant Protection,2024,50(1):48-55. |
| [1] | 陈雨欣, 马祥臣, 王健铭, 张萍, 靳磊. 枯草芽孢杆菌对兰州百合生长发育及鳞茎代谢的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2024, 44(6): 926-935. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||