皖南山区维管植物多样性研究

植物研究 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 284-291.

皖南山区维管植物多样性研究

陈明林^1,2, 张小平^1,2, 孙影芝¹

1. 安徽师范大学生命科学学院, 芜湖 241000;
2. 安徽省重要生物资源开发与利用研究重点实验室, 芜湖 241000

收稿日期:2003-10-16 出版日期:2004-09-15 发布日期:2016-06-14
通讯作者: 张小平,Pinghengxu@sina.com.cn E-mail:Pinghengxu@sina.com.cn
作者简介:陈明林(1972-), 男, 讲师, 主要从事植物学研究与教学工作。
基金资助:
安徽师范大学校青年基金(2002XQN47);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究基金(2004KJ178);安徽省重要生物资源开发与利用研究重点实验室基金;2004 年安徽省高等学校青年教师科研基金(2004JG124)。

Study on the diversity of vascular plants of mountains in southern Anhui

CHEN Ming-Lin^1,2, ZHANG Xiao-Ping^1,2, SUN Ying-Zhi¹

1. College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000;
2. Anhui key Laboratory of Devolopment and Utiliztion of Biology Resource, Wuhu 241000

Received:2003-10-16 Online:2004-09-15 Published:2016-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 皖南山区地形复杂,生境多样,有维管植物2 342种、隶属198科913属。本区植被水平地带从北到南植被组成日趋复杂,南方成分和蕨类植物明显增多,阔叶林常见,但均呈小块状分布,常绿、落叶阔叶混交林面积逐渐减小,常绿阔叶林面积随之增大。垂直分布明显,从下至上依次是农耕区,常绿阔叶林,常绿、落叶阔叶混交林,落叶阔叶林,山地灌丛或山地草甸,基带以常绿阔叶林为主,推测其原始植被更是如此,并随着纬度的升高,其植被类型分布的上限随之降低。科的分布区类型以热带-亚热带、热带-温带分布占优势,其科的分布类型分别占31.8%与23.6%;属的分布区类型显示温带分布占50.7%处于优势,热带分布占36.6%,其中北温带和泛热带成分各自占了19.6%与18.6%,科属统计数据的差异性,以及本区草本植物含59.0%占优势等,都显示本区区系具有亚热带向暖温带过渡的双重性质,说明皖南山区是亚热带向暖温带过渡的重要地带。皖南山区古老成分众多,有单种科3科,单种属和寡种属丰富,各有65与133属,分占总属数的7.1%与14.6%。特有属、种众多,有特有属29个,占总属数的3.5%,低于全国特有属所占比例7.1%,有安徽特有被子植物25种,皖、浙、赣三省交界处特有蕨类4种,被子植物81种。本区还蕴藏丰富的食用、药用、工业与观赏用等经济植物,但一些种特别是药用植物的种质资源正逐渐减少,应加大保护力度。

关键词: 皖南山区, 生境, 区系, 利用价值

Abstract: There are 2 342 species of vascular plants in mountains in southern Anhui with complex landforms and habitats,which belong to 913 genera and 198 families.The floristic compositions in horizontal zonation become complex from North to South,and the south elements and Pteridophytes increase gradually.Broad-leaf forest is common but in patch,the area of mixed evergreen-deciduous forest appears a gradually declining trend toward the south,whereas the evergreen broadleaf forest does conversely.The vertical zonation of vegetations are obvious,and the vegetations from base belt to top belt are arranged in order as follows:agricultural areas,evergreen broadleaf forest belt,mixed evergreen-deciduous forest belt,deciduous broadleaf forest belt,mountain shrubbery belt or mountain meadow belt,among which the evergreen broadleaf forest belt is dominant,especially during the original vegetations period.The higher the latitude is,the lower the upper limit of the vegetation is distributed.The families of vascular plants of Tropical-subtropical and Tropical-temperate distributional patterns account for 31.8% and 23.6%,respectively,while Temperate distributional patterns make up 50.6%,taking a predominated position,and the genera of Tropical distributional patterns make up 33.6%,among which the percentage of North hemisphere and Pan-tropical floristic elements is 19.6% and 18.6%,respectively.the discrepancy of the statistic data between families and genera and the higher proportion (59.0%) of herbs etc.show that the floristic interims from Subtropical flora to Temperate subtropical one are obvious.There are 65 monotypic genera and 133 oligotypic genera which are genetically relic,ancient,primitive elements.The endemicity to China is outstanding,with 29 endemic genera,25 Angiosperms endemic to Anhui,4 Pteridophytes and 81 Spermatophytes endemic to Anhui,Zhejiang and Jiangxi,while the proportion of endemic genera in this area is lower than that in China,in spite of the abundant Spermatophytes in this area.There are such rich plant resources as for food,medicine,industry and ornamental in this area,but many of which,such as medicinal resources,have decreased rapidly in quantity and distribution.Some protection measures should be enhanced.

Key words: mountains in southern Anhui, habitat, flora, value of utilization

陈明林, 张小平, 孙影芝. 皖南山区维管植物多样性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2004, 24(3): 284-291.

CHEN Ming-Lin, ZHANG Xiao-Ping, SUN Ying-Zhi. Study on the diversity of vascular plants of mountains in southern Anhui[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2004, 24(3): 284-291.

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