植物研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 75-85.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.01.010
收稿日期:
2023-06-26
出版日期:
2024-01-20
发布日期:
2023-12-27
通讯作者:
方发之
E-mail:fangfazhi@126.com
作者简介:
桂慧颖(1993—),女,工程师,硕士,主要从事林木生理生化及濒危植物保育研究。
基金资助:
Huiying GUI, Fazhi FANG(), Zhaojia LI, Youzhuan MAI, Xiaofeng ZHANG
Received:
2023-06-26
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2023-12-27
Contact:
Fazhi FANG
E-mail:fangfazhi@126.com
摘要:
为探究海南吊罗山山铜材(Chunia bucklandioides)种群结构与动态特征,以当地山铜材野生种群为研究对象,将种群集中分布区域设为典型样地并开展样地调查,以空间代替时间构建种群年龄结构,采用动态量化分析、绘制存活曲线、计算生存函数等方法分析现有种群结构特点和动态特征,并通过时间序列预测模型推测种群未来发展趋势。结果表明:(1)吊罗山山铜材种群年龄结构接近不规则金字塔型,动态量化分析显示该种群为增长型种群,但第Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级间存在衰退现象,种群增长性弱,稳定性差,受外界干扰敏感度高,有向稳定型种群转变的趋势。(2)随龄级增加,山铜材标准化存活个体数量减少,生命期望降低,死亡率和消失率总体呈上升趋势,存活曲线趋近于Deevey-Ⅱ型。(3)生存分析显示吊罗山山铜材种群具有前期增长、中期稳定、后期衰退的特点。(4)经过未来2、4、6龄级时间后,Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级个体数量将逐渐减少,Ⅳ~Ⅶ龄级个体数量少量增加,幼龄苗木自我更新能力不足,种群存在规模收缩和衰退的风险。研究表明,生境碎片化、分布范围小、植株结实量少和幼龄个体不足是导致吊罗山山铜材濒危的主要因素,建议通过设立自然保护小区、辅助种子入土萌发、加快人工培育技术研究、人工扩大种群规模与数量和加强基础研究等方式,促进山铜材种群复壮与更新。
中图分类号:
桂慧颖, 方发之, 黎肇家, 麦有专, 张晓凤. 海南吊罗山濒危植物山铜材种群结构与动态特征[J]. 植物研究, 2024, 44(1): 75-85.
Huiying GUI, Fazhi FANG, Zhaojia LI, Youzhuan MAI, Xiaofeng ZHANG. Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of the Endangered Plant Chunia bucklandioides in Diaoluo Mountain of Hainan[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(1): 75-85.
表3
山铜材种群静态生命表
龄级 Age class | 胸径级 DBH/cm | Ax | ax | lx | lnlx | dx | qx | Lx | Tx | ex | Kx | Sx |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | DBH≤2 | 7 | 22 | 1 000 | 6.908 | 227 | 0.227 | 886 | 2 614 | 2.614 | 0.258 | 0.773 |
Ⅱ | 2<DBH≤7 | 11 | 17 | 773 | 6.650 | 227 | 0.294 | 659 | 1 750 | 2.265 | 0.348 | 0.706 |
Ⅲ | 7<DBH≤15 | 16 | 12 | 545 | 6.302 | 136 | 0.250 | 477 | 1 091 | 2.001 | 0.288 | 0.750 |
Ⅳ | 15<DBH≤23 | 9 | 9 | 409 | 6.014 | 182 | 0.444 | 318 | 614 | 1.501 | 0.588 | 0.556 |
Ⅴ | 23<DBH≤31 | 5 | 5 | 227 | 5.426 | 91 | 0.400 | 182 | 296 | 1.301 | 0.511 | 0.600 |
Ⅵ | 31<DBH≤39 | 3 | 3 | 136 | 4.915 | 91 | 0.667 | 91 | 114 | 0.835 | 1.099 | 0.333 |
Ⅶ | DBH>39 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 3.817 | — | — | 23 | 23 | 0.506 | 3.817 | — |
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