Abstract: In this paper we sum up the results of investigations on the leaf morphology and anatomy of indigenous plants of Lardizabalaceae (about 5 genera, 22 species, 1 variety) and Sargentodoxaceae. On the base of our research works we propose some of the new characters such as papillary body and interstitial region etc.,and bring out our oppinion about the stomatal apparatus of the two families, which developes C. R. Metcalfe's theory in the aspect.In carring on our studies, we take advantage of the numerical method of fuzzy cluster-analysis to trace out the interrelationship of the OTU's concerned. The result shows that Decaisnea and Sinofranchetia are rather isolated from the rest genera of Lardizabalaceae, on the contrary to the primitive genera, Stauntonia, Holboellia, and Akebia are closly related to comprise the main part of the phylogenetic development of Lardizabalaceae; the leaf characters of Sargentodoxaceae shows remarkable difference from the members of Lardizabalaceae. On the other hand,the paper Idisscusses the interrelationship of characters selected by means of R-analysis. we do think that some of the leaf characters of Lardizabalaceae and Sargentodoxaceae are more stable and varied from different taxa. So it is clear that we may benefit from paying attention to these important characters in our systematic and phylogenetic studies.