Abstract: In the present paper it is reported that the pollen morphological characters of Calycanthus chinensis Cheng et S. Y. Chang were examined by scanning electron microscope for the first time and compared with that of C.ilordusf L. and C. occidentalis Hook. et Arnott (Table 1, Plate Ⅰ, Ⅱ). The comparison shows that the former was more primitive,the latter advanced, And Calycanthus might originate in Eastern Asia (China) from C. chinensis. The results were the same as the conclusions based on cytology, morphology and so on^[1,2]. As the many differences among C. chinensis, C. floridus and C. occidentalis the author recognized that monotypic Sinocaly canthus Cheng et S. Y. Chang, whose type was S. chinensis (Cheng et S. Y. Chang) Chang et S. Y. Chang (=Calycanthus chinensis), would be admited perhaps.