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植物研究 ›› 1985, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 113-126.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

红松配子体的发育过程

金春英   

  1. 东北林学院林学系, 黑龙江, 哈尔滨
  • 出版日期:1985-03-15 发布日期:2016-06-13

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAMETOPHYTES OF PINUS KORAIENSIS

Jin Chun-ying   

  1. Dpartment of Forestry North-Eastern Forestry Institute Harbin, Heilongjiang
  • Online:1985-03-15 Published:2016-06-13

摘要: 红松是我国主要用材树种,材质优良。我国主要分布在长白山和小兴安岭,随着森林工业的发展,大面积的原始森林迅速减少,人工更新日趋重要。在生产中采用种子育苗,因此对红松种子的发育规律应全面掌握,以便为种子园建立、良种选育采取有效措施提供理论依据。根据国内外有关报导,红松雌雄配子的形成、受精作用已有一定的研究[14、15],但这些研究只侧重在小孢子母细胞的减数分裂和受精作用。故对雌雄配子体的发育过程仍需深入研究,尤其是授粉后的雄配子体发育和精子进入颈卵器的过程,均未见详细报导。

Abstract: The period of pollination of Pinus koraiensis is from June 8 to 20. During June 25-30, pollen grains germinate on the nucella, forming pollen tubes. On August 4, reproductive cells in the pollen grain divide mitotically into the sterile cells and spermatogenous cell. Next year, on June 3, spermatoge-nous cells divide into two male gametes of unequal size. Then in the pollen graint tube, a long ribbon is formed, with starch grain at the first place, followed by the tube nucleus, the ste-rile cell, the big male gamete and the small male gamete. Functional megaspores of P. kolaiensis divide five times du-ring July 5 to September 23, producing 32 free nuclei, then go into dormancy. In the next spring, free nuclei divide again.At the end of May, cell walls of female gametophytes are for-med between free nuclei. At the sametime, the archegonium initial is formed at the microphyle end of the female gamete, develo-ping into 1-4 archegonia, mainly 3;archegonium single, cover-ed with a layer of Jacket cells. Neck cells are of 1-2 layers.altogether 4 cells. on June 4, central cells begin to divide, con-tinuing the division till June 10, forming ventral canal cell and egg cell. From June 11. fertilization begins at the upper middle part of the egg cell.