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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 3-14.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.01.002

• 综述文章 • 上一篇    下一篇

空间转录组技术在植物研究中的应用及前景

梅曼1,2,3,4, 王晨璨5, 蔺宏霞1,2,3,4, 张玉倩1,2,3,4, 丁文静1,2,3,4, 赵媛媛1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京 100083
    2.北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,北京 100083
    3.北京林业大学树木与基因编辑研究院,北京 100083
    4.北京林业大学林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心,北京 100083
    5.河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 赵媛媛 E-mail:yyzhao@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:梅曼(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事木本植物生长发育研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国林木种子集团合作项目(2024-HXFW-168);北京林业大学“5?5工程”科研创新团队项目(BLRC2023C06)

Application and Prospect of Spatial Transcriptome Technology in Plant Research

Man MEI1,2,3,4, Chencan WANG5, Hongxia LIN1,2,3,4, Yuqian ZHANG1,2,3,4, Wenjing DING1,2,3,4, Yuanyuan ZHAO1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083
    2.State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083
    3.Institute of Tree and Genome Editing,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083
    4.National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083
    5.Plant Protection Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Baoding 071000
  • Received:2024-10-10 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-23
  • Contact: Yuanyuan ZHAO E-mail:yyzhao@bjfu.edu.cn

摘要:

空间转录组(spatial transcriptomics,ST)是一种用于从空间层面上解析RNA-seq数据的技术,利用该技术解析单个组织切片中的所有mRNA。空间条形码逆转录oligo(dT)引物在显微镜载玻片表面的有序附着,使得在mRNA样品处理和后续测序过程中编码和获取位置信息成为可能。与传统的转录组技术相比,空间转录组技术能获得细胞在组织原位环境下真实的基因表达特征,以及与微环境的关系,为基因表达提供高精度、高分辨率原位的空间信息。近年来,空间转录组技术取得了重要进展,检测的细胞通量、转录本数量和质量不断提高,空间定位信息更加准确全面,并已在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、杨树(Populus)等植物中展开研究。该文阐述了空间转录组技术在植物动态发育轨迹、不同组织和细胞类型差异分析、解码植物与微生物群相互作用等研究中的成功应用,讨论了空间转录组测序在植物组织原位测序中存在的问题和挑战,揭示了其在植物研究中的巨大潜力,为相关领域的进一步研究和应用提供了新的视角。

关键词: 空间转录组技术, 空间分布模式, 发育谱系, 细胞类型鉴定, 细胞间相互作用

Abstract:

Spatial transcriptomics(ST) is a technique used to resolve RNA-seq data at the spatial level, thereby resolving all mRNA in a single tissue section. The orderly attachment of spatial barcoding oligo(dT) primers to the surface of microscope slides makes it possible to encode and obtain positional information during mRNA sample processing and subsequent sequencing. Compared with the traditional transcriptome technology, the spatial transcriptome technology can obtain the true gene expression characteristics of cells in the in-situ environment of tissues and the relationship with the microenvironment, and provide high-precision and high-resolution in-situ spatial information for gene expression. In recent years, the development of spatial transcriptome technology has made significant progress. The detected cell flow, the quantity and quality of transcripts are continuously improved, and spatial location information is more accurate and comprehensive. It has been studied in Arabidopsis thalianaOryza sativa, and Populus, etc. In this paper, the successful applications of spatial transcriptome technology in the study of plant dynamic development trajectory, the analysis of differences between different tissues and cell types, and decoding of the interaction between plants and microbial communities were described. The problems and challenges of space transcriptome sequencing technology in plant research were discussed, and the great potential of space transcriptome technology in plant research was revealed, which provided a new perspective for further research and application in related fields.

Key words: spatial transcriptome technology, spatial distribution patterns, developmental lineages, cell type identification, cell-to-cell interactions

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