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植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 826-834.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.06.005

• 遗传与育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于叶片和果实性状的糠椴天然居群表型变异及多样性分析

穆怀志1, 王清玉1, 张玥1, 吕松瞳1, 靳旭红1, 张骁2, 夏富才1()   

  1. 1.北华大学林学院,吉林 132013
    2.吉林省林业勘察设计研究院,长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-09 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 夏富才 E-mail:xfc0707@163.com
  • 作者简介:穆怀志(1985—),男,副教授,主要从事椴树遗传改良研究。
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210202124NC)

Phenotypic Variation and Diversity Analysis of Tilia mandshurica Natural Populations Based on Leaf and Fruit Traits

Huaizhi MU1, Qingyu WANG1, Yue ZHANG1, Songtong LÜ1, Xuhong JIN1, Xiao ZHANG2, Fucai XIA1()   

  1. 1.Forestry College,Beihua University,Jilin 132013
    2.Forest Survey and Design Institute of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022
  • Received:2023-07-09 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-11-08
  • Contact: Fucai XIA E-mail:xfc0707@163.com
  • About author:MU Huaizhi(1985—),male,associate professor,major research direction:the genetic improvement of genus Tilia.
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(20210202124NC)

摘要:

探究糠椴(Tilia mandshurica)天然居群的表型变异及多样性,为糠椴种质资源的选择、保护和利用提供参考。对糠椴8个天然居群叶片和果实的11个表型性状进行测定,比较各居群表型性状的差异、多样性水平和变异程度,并据此进行主成分分析和聚类分析。糠椴叶片和果实性状在居群间和居群内的差异均达到极显著水平,各性状居群间的方差分量百分比均大于居群内,表型分化系数介于0.83~0.95,居群间是糠椴表型性状差异的主要来源。糠椴各性状的变异系数介于20.0%~39.9%,变异程度较大;Shannon-Wiener指数介于1.262~1.443,具有丰富的表型多样性。糠椴11个表型性状可以分为4个主成分,累计方差贡献率高达到88.46%。根据主成分综合模型,8个居群的综合排序由高到低依次为:珲春、龙潭、辉南、蛟河、东丰、敦化、桦甸、萝北。根据叶片和果实性状,糠椴8个居群分为三类,其中东丰和萝北为叶片较大的类群,敦化、珲春、桦甸和蛟河为果柄和苞叶较大的类群,龙潭和辉南为果实较大的类群。糠椴天然居群表型性状具有较大的变异和丰富的多样性,居群间变异是表型性状变异的主要来源,通过选择可获得较大的增益。

关键词: 糠椴, 天然居群, 表型变异, 表型多样性

Abstract:

In order to explore phenotypic variation and diversity of Tilia mandshurica natural populations, and to provide reference for the selection, protection, and utilization of T.mandshurica germplasm resources. Leaves and fruits from eight T.mandshurica natural populations were measured for the determination of 11 phenotypic traits, and the phenotypic traits from different populations were compared by variance analysis, coefficient of variation and Shannon-Wiener index, and eight populations were conducted by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Variance analysis showed extremely significant differences in leaf and fruit traits among different populations and within populations, and the percentage of variance component among populations for each trait was higher than that of within populations, and phenotypic differentiation coefficients ranged from 0.83-0.95, and the main source of phenotypic differences was from different populations. The coefficient of variation of different traits ranged from 20.0%-39.9%, indicating a large degree of variation. The Shannon-Wiener index of different traits from different populations ranged from 1.262-1.443, indicating rich phenotypic diversity populations. The 11 phenotypic traits were divided into four principal components, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 88.46%. According to the principal component comprehensive model, the comprehensive ranking of the eight populations from high to low was Hunchun, Longtan, Huinan, Jiaohe, Dongfeng, Dunhua, Huadian and Luobei. According to leaf and fruit traits, the eight populations were clustered into three groups, among which Dongfeng and Luobei had relatively larger leaf, while Dunhua, Hunchun, Huadian, and Jiaohe belonged to the groups with larger fruit petiole and bract. The left populations, Longtan and Huinan belonged to the larger fruit group. The phenotypic traits of T.mandshurica natural populations exhibited significant variation and rich diversity, and the main source of phenotypic differences was from inter-population variation, and large gains might be achieved through selection.

Key words: Tilia mandshurica, natural population, phenotypic variation, phenotypic diversity

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