植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 982-992.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.06.017
王莹1, 徐宏波1, 王洋1, 王梦茜1, 汪成忠1, 尹原森1, 孙雪1, 周辉1, 卓丽环2()
收稿日期:
2020-11-13
出版日期:
2021-11-20
发布日期:
2021-10-29
通讯作者:
卓丽环
E-mail:1010@esu.edu.cn
作者简介:
王莹(1983—),女,博士,主要从事植物生理生态学方面研究。
基金资助:
Ying WANG1, Hong-Bo XU1, Yang WANG1, Meng-Qian WANG1, Cheng-Zhong WANG1, Yuan-Sen YIN1, Xue SUN1, Hui ZHOU1, Li-Huan ZHUO2()
Received:
2020-11-13
Online:
2021-11-20
Published:
2021-10-29
Contact:
Li-Huan ZHUO
E-mail:1010@esu.edu.cn
About author:
WANG Ying(1983—),femal,doctor degree,mainly engaged in plant physiological and ecological research.
Supported by:
摘要:
我国锌矿周围农田污染较为严重,筛选对锌抗性强的植物材料是修复锌污染农田的理想方法。采用盆栽实验,以对锌抗性强的长药景天、三七景天、德国景天、松塔景天、胭脂红景天作为研究对象,研究不同浓度外源锌(0、80、160、320、800、1 600、2 000 mg·kg-1)对5种景天属植物生长(生物量、株高)的影响,比较分析5种景天属植物耐受重金属锌胁迫能力差异。结果表明:5种景天的生物量、株高均随着重金属浓度增加,呈现先上升后下降的趋势,5种景天属植物生长受到抑制,其中三七景天、松塔景天遭受锌毒害较为严重;5种景天生长增幅最大值出现在不同锌浓度下,增幅变为负值也出现在不同锌浓度下;5种景天生长与锌胁迫线性分析中R2值均较好,回归方程系数能够说明5种景天生物量、株高促进和抑制速率,就生物量而言,胭脂红促生速率最大,德国景天抑制速率最大,就株高而言,长药景天的促生速率和抑制速率都为最大。
中图分类号:
王莹, 徐宏波, 王洋, 王梦茜, 汪成忠, 尹原森, 孙雪, 周辉, 卓丽环. 5种景天属植物耐受重金属锌胁迫差异性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(6): 982-992.
Ying WANG, Hong-Bo XU, Yang WANG, Meng-Qian WANG, Cheng-Zhong WANG, Yuan-Sen YIN, Xue SUN, Hui ZHOU, Li-Huan ZHUO. Difference of Tolerance to Heavy Metal Zinc Stress of Five Sedum Plants[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(6): 982-992.
表1
盆栽土壤基本理化性质和重金属本底值
理化指标 physical and chemical index | 数值 Value |
---|---|
pH | 6.92±0.12 |
有机质Organic matter(mg·kg-1) | 45.4±1.25 |
速效氮Available nitrogen(mg·kg-1) | 149±13.43 |
有效磷Available phosphorus(mg·kg-1) | 30.6±3.67 |
速效钾Available potassium(mg·kg-1) | 156±12.31 |
Zn含量 Zn content(mg·kg-1) | 66±13.57 |
有效Zn含量 Available Zn content(mg·kg-1) | 10.8±1.23 |
表2
5种景天生物量对锌胁迫的响应
种类 Species | 浓度Content(mg·kg-1) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 80 | 160 | 320 | 800 | 1 600 | 2 000 | ||
长药景天 S. spectabile | 实际值 Actual value | 7.93±2.02a | 9.75±1.55ab | 11.32±0.24b | 8.95±1.41ab | 8.73±1.42ab | 8.33±1.81a | 7.29±0.40a |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0A | 28.31%±0.37A | 50.66%±0.47A | 22.00%±0.54A | 15.67%±0.38A | 10.03%±0.35A | -3.70%±0.26A | |
三七景天 S. aizoon | 实际值 Actual value | 11.19±1.34ab | 12.21±2.39a | 12.95±2.08a | 8.92±1.79b | 5.66±0.25c | 4.81±1.51c | 4.76±1.35c |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 8.58%±0.10A | 16.70%±0.23A | -18.45%±0.24B | -49.09%±0.04C | -57.27%±0.11C | -56.27%±0.16C | |
德国景天 S. hybridum | 实际值 Actual value | 0.84±0.11ab | 1.05±0.10ab | 1.16±0.34a | 1.81±0.25c | 1.60±0.33c | 1.06±0.22ab | 0.67±0.09b |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 25.54%±0.11AB | 31.33%±0.44AB | 88.72%±0.41CD | 43.87%±0.24AC | 14.79%±0.12AB | -14.76%±0.16B | |
松塔景天 S. lydium | 实际值 Actual value | 1.29±0.40a | 1.42±0.36a | 1.32±0.40a | 1.07±0.19ab | 0.75±0.10bc | 0.62±0.13bc | 0.53±0.06c |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 26.12%±0.81A | 15.37%±0.67AB | -6.18%±0.53AB | -36.90%±0.24AB | -50.07%±0.11C | -56.39%±0.13C | |
胭脂红景天 S. spurium ‘Coccineum’ | 实际值 Actual value | 0.37±0.05ab | 0.50±0.16c | 0.41±0.06ac | 0.36±0.05ab | 0.31±0.03ab | 0.28±0.06ab | 0.25±0.07b |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0ABC | 36.87%±0.39A | 12.48%±0.25AB | -0.66%±0.27ABC | -14.12%±0.07BC | -23.38%±0.15BC | -30.99%±0.17C |
表3
5种景天株高对锌胁迫的响应
种类 Species | 浓度Content(mg·kg-1) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 80 | 160 | 320 | 800 | 1 600 | 2 000 | ||
长药景天 S. spectabile | 实际值 Actual value | 41.73±5.97ab | 50.8±3.54ac | 56.50±6.10c | 53.93±7.31c | 42.57±4.46ab | 41.30±3.01a | 38.03±5.28a |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 23.44%±0.19AC | 36.19%±0.12C | 29.35%±0.03C | 4.48%±0.27AB | -0.25%±0.09AB | -7.14%±0.21B | |
三七景天 S. aizoon | 实际值 Actual value | 53.97±4.11a | 54.20±10.37a | 54.80±1.77a | 52.87±3.95a | 41.83±0.21b | 37.23±1.67b | 32.60±0.82c |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0A | 1.57%±0.25A | 2.08%±0.11A | -1.93%±0.06A | -22.18%±0.06B | -30.89%±0.02B | -39.42%±0.04B | |
德国景天 S. hybridum | 实际值 Actual value | 32.20±3.74a | 33.43±4.29a | 33.80±0.61a | 35.70±2.44a | 34.37±0.31a | 27.73±1.76b | 25.47±0.47b |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 4.41%±0.16AB | 5.79%±0.11A | 11.43%±0.09A | 7.57%±0.11A | -13.04%±0.12B | -20.34%±0.07C | |
松塔景天 S. lydium | 实际值 Actual value | 32.97±0.38ab | 35.57±0.98a | 34.33±4.08ab | 31.37±3.84b | 28.40±1.97b | 26.47±1.30c | 25.07±0.71c |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0AB | 7.87%±0.02A | 4.08%±0.12AB | 4.81%±0.12BC | 13.89%±0.05CD | -19.74%±0.03D | -23.97%±0.02D | |
胭脂红景天 S. spurium ‘Coccineum’ | 实际值 Actual value | 28.83±5.05ab | 32.17±1.82a | 29.80±1.30ab | 27.70±2.08ab | 27.23±1.22b | 27.60±2.12ab | 26.63±3.20b |
相对值 Relative value | 0±0A | 13.66%±0.20A | 6.05%±0.23A | -2.72%±0.11A | -3.71%±0.17A | -3.10%±0.11A | -4.38%±0.28A |
表4
我国部分地区锌矿周围农田锌污染情况表
范围 Range(mg·kg-1) | pH值 pH value | 均值 Mean value (mg·kg-1) | 参考文献 Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|
标准(背景值) Standars(Background value) | 3~709 | 100 | [ | |
国家标准National standard | pH≤6.5 | 200.0 | ||
7.5<pH<6.5 | 250.0 | |||
pH<7.5 | 300.0 | |||
湖南省桂阳县市黄沙坪某铅锌矿周边的农田土壤 Paddy soils near a zinc-lead mining area in Guiyang County,Hunan Province | 1 322~3 786 | 1908.0 | [ | |
葫芦岛锌厂Huludao Zinc factory | 83~1 670 | 367.0 | [ | |
广西壮族自治区东北部铅锌矿Lead and zinc mine in Guangx | 79.9~11 500 | 541.4 | [ | |
福建省西部山区某铅锌矿区下游农田土壤 Paddy soils in the lower reaches of a lead-zinc mining area in the western mountainous area of Fujian Province | 146.8~1 580 | 736.3 | [ | |
湘、渝、黔边陲县 Paddy soils located in Hunan,Chongqing,Guangxi border counties | 148~3 267 | 612.3 | [ | |
沘江两岸农田土壤 Paddy soils on both sides of Bi River | 59.7~6 910 | 933.4 | [ | |
会泽县者海镇铅锌矿区周边农田土壤 Paddy soils surrounding a Pb-Zn mining in Huize County,Zhehai Town | 135.5~22 676.32 | 1465.0 | [ | |
广东省梅州市梅县丙村镇铅锌尾矿库农田 Paddy soils surrounding a Pb-Zn tailing pond in Guangdong Province | 45.89~2 847.48 | 321.8 | [ | |
洛阳西南部某铅锌尾矿库农田土壤 Paddy soils in a lead-zinc tailings area,southwest of Luoyang,Henan | 376.67~1 084.99 | 628.3 | [ | |
云南省会泽县某铅锌矿周边农田土壤 Paddy soils Pb-Zn Mine near Huize Country,Yunnan Province | 183~697 | 337.8 | [ |
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