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植物研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 265-270.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2011.03.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青阳参的大孢子发生与雌配子体发育

王定康1;孙桂芳2;翟书华1;郭丽红1;王斌1   

  1. 1.昆明学院生物系,昆明 650214;2.昆明医学院临床技能中心,昆明 650031
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-05-20 发布日期:2011-05-20
  • 基金资助:
     

Megasporogenesis and Development of Female Gametophyte in Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid

WANG Ding-Kang;SUN Gui-Fang;ZHAI Shu-Hua;GUO Li-Hong;WANG Bin   

  1. 1.Biology Department,Kunming University,Kunming 650214;2.Clinical Skill center,Kunming Medical College,Kunming 650032
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-05-20 Published:2011-05-20
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 利用常规石蜡制片技术、荧光显微技术、光镜细胞化学技术、电子显微镜技术对青阳参大孢子发生、雌配子体形成过程进行了详细观察。结果显示,青阳参为边缘胎座,胚珠倒生、短珠柄,单珠被,薄珠心型,珠心细胞含有大量的淀粉粒、线粒体和内质网等;大孢子孢原细胞起源于下表皮并直接行使大孢子母细胞的功能;合点端的大孢子分裂形成8-核胚囊;蓼型胚囊;成熟胚囊中有大量淀粉粒;珠孔受精;胚乳在早期发育阶段以游离核形式存在,约在16~32核的阶段细胞壁形成,通常情况下胚乳核的分裂比合子的分裂早,成熟胚乳细胞单核、形状不规则,没有胚乳吸器;胚的发育经过原胚、球型胚和心型胚阶段,茄型;成熟的种子具有种毛,位于珠孔端的珠被表皮细胞是种毛长出的区域,种子中含有大量的脂肪。

关键词: 青阳参, 大孢子发生, 雌配子体

Abstract: Using traditional paraffin wax section, fluorescence microscopy, cytochemistry and TEM techniques, the megasporogenesis and development of female gametophyte of Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid were observed in detail. The results showed C.otophyllum was marginal placenta; the ovules are anatropous, tenuinucellate and unitegmic; some endoplasm, starch grains and mitochondria exist in nucellus; the archesporial cell is hypodermal in origin and directly gives rise to the megaspore mother cell; the chalazal megaspore functions to give rise to an 8-nucleate embryo sac, the embryo sac is of the ‘Polygonum type’ and shows the presence of starch grains in the mature condition; fertilization is porogamous; the endosperm passes through an early free nuclear stage before becoming cellular about the stage of 16-32 nucleate; as usual, the endosperm nucleus divides earlier than the zygote; the mature endosperm cells are uninucleate and irregular in outline; the presence of endosperm haustoria was not observed; development of embryo passes through the stages of proembryo, embryo of globular stage and embryo of heart stage and is of the ‘Soland type’; Seeds are comose and the coma develops from the epidermal cells of the integumentary tissue; a lot of fat pellets exist in mature endosperm.

Key words: Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid, megasporogenesis, female gametophyte

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