Bulletin of Botanical Research

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One New Species of the Cyclobalanopsis(Fagaceae) from Hainan Island

FU Guo-Ai

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 1-2. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.001

Abstract （1926）

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One species from Hainan Island,Cyclobalanopsis yin-qianii are described as new.

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Apomarsupella verrucosa (Nichols.)Vana and Its New Synonym

WU Yu-Huan;GAO Chien

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 3-5. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.002

Abstract （2139）

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Type materials of Apomarsupella verrucosa (Nichols.) Vana from Yunnan, China and Gymnomitrion papillosum Kitag. & S. Hatt. from Nepal were studied. Detailed comparisons of the type specimens reveal that the two species are con-specific. Therefore, Gymnomitrion papillosum was reduced to synonym of Apomarsupella verrucosa.

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A Preliminary Revision of Taxonomic System of Schisandra(Schisandraceae)

LIN Qi;YANG Zhi-Rong

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 6-15. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.003

Abstract （2274）

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Previous four taxonomic systems of the genus Schisandra Michaux (Schisandraceae) are evaluated respectively. A new system of classification based on the results of cladistic analysis to thirty-three morphological characters is proposed. In the system, two subgenera are recognized, viz. Schisandra subgenus Schisandra and Schisandra subgenus Sphaerostema (Blume) Y. H. Law, with subgenus Schisandra further subdivided into four sections, viz. section Pleiostema A. C. Smith, section Maximowiczia (Ruprecht) T. Nakai, section Sinoschisandra (Y. W. Law) Q. Lin & Z. R. Yang and section Schisandra. A key to subgenera, sections and species is included, and types, synonymies and representative species are given under each supraspecific rank.

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Additions to the Fern Flora of Hunan Province(Ⅱ)

LIU Bing-Rong;YAN Yue-Hong

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 16-19. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.004

Abstract （2036）

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Twenty species of ferns, belonging to 7 genera in 5 families, are firstly reported from Hunan province. They are Adiantum bonatianum, Arachniodes aristatissima. A. attenuate. A. grossa. A. nanchuanensis, A. nigrospinosa. A. reducta. A. setifera; Arthromeris lehmannii, A. mairei, Polystichum assurgentipinnum, P. incisopianulum. P. mayebarae. P. pseudosetosum. P. shimurae. P. subulatum; Cyrtomium aequibasis; Ctenitis dentisora, C. wantsingshanica, Elaphohlossum mcclurei.

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Classification and Distribution of Bupleurum L.(Umbelliferae Juss.)in Mongolia

M. Urgamal;Ch. Sanchir;ZHANG Ming-Li*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 20-24. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.005

Abstract （2570）

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There are seven species of the genus Bupleurum L.in Mongolia, which is recognized from mainly basing on the field collection of Mongolia and specimens of LE and PE. A diagnostic key of the seven species is yielded. And the distributions of the taxa concerned are provided in the light of the phytogeographical division of Mongolia. This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomical treatment of Bupleurum L. to the Mongolian flora.

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Preliminary Studies on Diatoms from Qixing River Wetland

LI Jing;FAN Ya-Wen*;WANG Ze-Bin;YANG Li-Ping

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 25-33. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.006

Abstract （2246）

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The diatom flora of Qixing River wetland, the national nature protection area, was described in this paper. A total of 155 taxa of diatoms, including 2 classes， 6 orders，9 families 26 genera，113 species，39 varieties and 3 forms, were identified. Of these taxa, 2 species，2 varieties，and 1 form are first reported in China. Diatom communities, species composition and habitat, diatoms in Qixing River Wetland were analyzed. It shows that most taxa belong to common species, and some acidophil species such as Eunotia pectinalis var. ventralis (Ehr.) Hust., Tabellaria flocculosa (Roth) Kütz., Gomphonema augur Ehr., Navicula subtilissima Cl. and a few alkalibiontic species were also found.

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The Fertilization and Proembryo Choose of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

TIAN Cheng-Yu;LI Chun-Ying;ZHAO Chun-Jian;ZU Yuan-Gang*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 34-37. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.007

Abstract （2397）

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The fertilization was processed by sperm in mature male gametophyte combining with egg cell on the top of archegonia on June 15 or so. Then fertilized egg made division of free nuclei and cell wall was began to form while 8 daughter nucleus forming. When they were divided again, proembryo containing 16 cells was formed. In succession, cell layer of suspensor rapidly grew, elongated and down proembryo was carried away cell wall of archegonial base, then get into corrosion cavity in endosperm. Proembryo absorbed nutrition in corrosion cavity and grew, developed. In the first stage, the number of embryoes were very much, but only one developed to mature as usual.

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Study on Anatomical Structure of Leaf and Ecological Adaptability of Pterocektis tartarinowii Maxim

ZHANG Xing-Wang;ZHANG Xiao-Ping*;YANG Kai-Jun;ZHANG Zhong-Xin

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 38-42. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.008

Abstract （2603）

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Pterocektis tartarinowii Maxim is considered an endangered species on the brink of extinction endemic to China, In order to investigate ecological adaptability of P. tartarinowii Maxim,the comparative observation and analysis of anatomical structure of leaf of different populations were demonstrated by the method of slices of paraffin wax and isolation in this paper .The results showed that the anatomical structure of leaves adopt well to the dry and poor limestone area. The drought resistance of P. tartarinowii Maxim from the population of Ying Ping hill in which habitat was the poorest was the strongest. The leaves had xeromorphic characteristics, including thickened leaves, thickened epidermis cell wall and cuticle, well developed palisade tissue, densely arranged cell. Small and dense stomata and distribute in cluster etc. This research is helpful for the application of P. tartarinowii Maxim in limestone area.

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The Microcharacteristics of Leaf Surface and Its Systematic Implication in Lysimachia

SHAO Jian-Wen;ZHANG Xiao-Ping;*;ZHU Guo-Ping;

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 43-49. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.009

Abstract （2470）

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The microcharacteristics of leaf surface in Lysimachia were investigated by using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the features of leaf surface, those plants were obviously classified into two types, heterogenea-type and capillipes-type. The features of leaf, such as the presence or absence of the glands, the color and distribution of the glands, and the ornamentation of adaxial side, are quite constant at intraspecific level, but remarkably varied at interspecific level, which might have significant taxonomic value for species identification. In the 21 investigated species, 1 species was from Subgen. Idiophyton, 11 species from Subgen. Lysimachia, and 9 species from Subgen. Palladia. Since 2 types of leaf surface structure were found both in Subgen. Lysimachia and Subgen. Palladia, they could not be used as the characters to define subgenus.

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Analysis of the Content and the Components of Flavonoids in Torreya jackii

LI Jian-Hui;JIN Ze-Xin*;LI Jun-Min

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 50-54. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.010

Abstract （2128）

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The content of flavonoids in different nutritious organs of Torreya jackii and three kinds of nutritious organs of Torreya jackii with different populations was determined and the components of the flavonoids were analyzed by using the method of polyacrylamides membrane chromatography. The results showed as follow: (1) Flavonoids was found in all kinds of nutritious organs of Torreya jackii and the content was in a decreasing order of annual leaves, annual stalk, rootlet, taproot, bark, perennial stalk and stem. (2) There was very different in the components of flavonoids in different nutritious organs of Torreya jackii. Annual leaves and annual stalk had the most of components, rootlet took the second place, taproot and perennial stalk were the third, bark and stem had the least of components. (3)There was different in the content of flavonoids in three kinds of nutritious organs of Torreya jackii with different populations. In all, annual leaves had the highest content of flavonoids while annual stalk took the second place and perennial stalk had the lowest content of flavonoids. (4) There was no significant difference in the content of flavonoids in annual leaves of Torreya jackii with different populations. But there was relatively high different in the content of flavonoids in annual stalk and perennial stalk. (5) Annual leaves of Torreya jackii with different populations had no difference in the components of flavonoids, while annual stalk had little different and perennial stalk had great different.

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Physiological Adaption of Winter Wheat Seedling’s Root to Soil Drought

SHAN Chang-Juan;XU Xin-Juan;WANG Guang-Yuan;YUE Ying

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 55-58. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.011

Abstract （2339）

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Deals with the physiological adaption of winter wheat seedling’s root to soil drought. The results showed that root water potential, root RWC and root activity decreased with soil water decreasing, and root WSD, soluble sugar content, proline content, the permeability of plasma membrane, and SOD activity, POD activity in root of Luomai 9133 and Jimai 21 increased with soil water decreasing. In conclusion, winter wheat seedling’s root increased drought-resistance by physiological changes in root, such as water potential, RWC and root activity reduced, soluble sugar content and proline content increased, and SOD and POD activity enhanced, etc. On the basis of above physiological changes in root, winter wheat seedling adapted to soil drought.

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An Analysis of Molecular Structural Character and Function Prediction on 1-deoxy- D-xylulose-5-phosphate Reductoisomerase, a Key Enzyme in Plant Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

LI Rong;WANG Zhe-Zhi

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 59-67. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.012

Abstract （2494）

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In the present study, 1-deoxy- D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase from Zea mays, Arabidopsis thaliana, Cistus incanus subsp. creticus, Oryza sativa, Artemisia annua and Linum usitatissimum, which were registered in GenBank, were analyzed and predicted by the tools of bioinformatics in the following aspects: the composition of nuclei acid sequences and amino acid sequences, transit peptides, transmembrane topological structure, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity, secondary and tertiary structure of protein, molecular phylogenetic evolution and so on. The results as following: the full-length gene of DXR contains an opening reading frame, 5′-untranstrated region and 3′-untranstrated region; DXR is a hydrophilic and non-transmembrane protein with transit peptides; the amino acid sequences of DXR include two functional DXR binding motifs and two functional NADPH binding motifs; the main motif of predicted secondary structure of DXR are alpha helix and random coil, beta turn and extended strand are spreaded in the whole secondary structure of protein; the predicted tertiary structure of functional domain of DXR consists of three domains arranged to form an overall V-shaped molecule. The N-terminal domain forms one arm of the V and C-terminal domain forms the second arm of the V. The apical region of the V is formed by a connective N-terminal and C-terminal domain.

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Optimization of ISSR Amplification Conditions in Endangered Plant Sinocalycanthus chinensis

JIN Ze-Xin;LI Jun-Min

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 68-72. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.013

Abstract （2027）

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It was necessary to optimize the ISSR amplification conditions to ensure the replication and stability in the PCR amplification. The ISSR amplification conditions of endangered plant Sinocalycanthus chinensis was optimized and the effect of 7 factors such as Mg ²⁺ concentration, dNTP concentration, DNA templates dosage, Taq DNA polymerase dosage, BSA concentration, primer dosage and glycerol concentration on ISSR amplification were tested using single factor method. The optimal amplification conditions of ISSR for Sinocalycanthus chinensis were determined as follows: 1 Taq polymerase corresponding buffer (10 mmol·L ^-1 Tris·HCl pH9.0，50 mmol·L ^-1 KCl, 0.1%Triton X-100), 1.5 mmol·L ^-1 MgCl ₂, 0.75U Taq DNA polymerase, 20 ng template DNA, 6 pmol primer, 0.15 mmol·L ^-1 dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP for each in total 10 μL reaction volume. Using these optimal amplification conditions, 12 stable and repeatable ISSR primers were selected from total 100 primers. 156 loci were produced in total 10 Sinocalycanthus chinensis populations with 200 individuals. There were 114 polymorphic loci among them and the total polymorphic loci percentage was 73.08%. The polymorphic loci percentage in every population was quite different with a mean of 23.65%. The establishment of the PCR reaction conditions could settle favorable basis for the further study on the genetic diversity of Sinocalycanthus chinensis using ISSR molecular marker techniques.

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RAPD Markers Related to Sex Locus in Hippophae goniocarpa

DONG Li-Na;SUN Kun*;SU Xue;ZHANG Li;DING Song-Shuang;MA Rui-Jun

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 73-76. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.014

Abstract （1971）

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This article used the methods of random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) with bulked segregant analysis(BSA) to identify markers that linked to sex determination in the dioecious Hippophae goniocarpa. DNA was extracted and two bulks were created, each containing equal amounts of DNA from ten individual of Hippophae goniocarpa. A total of 194 primers were screened. 50 primers produced clear patterns with at least one band that appeared to be polymorphic between male and female bulks. Sebsequently, 5 male and female individuals were analysed with those 50 primers, and only S10(CTGCTGGGAC) could generate a common 1030 bp DNA fragment in all five female individuals and female pool but not in any male individuals. In the present study, the sex-linked RAPD marker, S10-1030, showed that there were different between female and male Hippophae goniocarpa on the level of DNA molecule and can be concluded that gender of Hippophae goniocarpa most likely is genetically determined. While the further research should focus on designing the more reliable molecular marker that based on the sex-determination gene, such as SCAR marker, for accurate and quick determination the gender of seedling in Hippophae goniocarpa.

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Study on Optimization of ISSR Reaction Conditions for Coptis Chinensis Franch.

CHEN Da-Xia;LI Long-Yun;LU Cheng;ZHONG Guo-Yue;QU Xian-You;PENG Rui

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 77-81. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.015

Abstract （2430）

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Based on the genomic DNA extracted from Coptis Chinensis Franch., this paper presented the effect of the main reaction system elements(Mg ²⁺、dNTP、primer、template DNA、 Taq DNA polymerase) and hot-cycle parameter(annealing temperature、cycles、denaturing time、annealing time and extension time) on ISSR-PCR which were tested by single or dual factor experiment, respectively to determine its optimal levels. A reaction system and amplified procedure suitable for Coptis Chinensis Franch were established,that is, 25μL amplification reactions system containing 1×PCRbuffer、1.5mmol·L ^-1 Mg ²⁺、200μmol·L ^-1 dNTP、0.3μmol·L ^-1 primer、40 ng template DNA、1 U Taq DNA polymerase.The optimal amplified procedure was as follows: after a pre-denaturing of 30s at 94℃, 35 cycles were performed with denaturing of 30s at 94℃, annealing of 1min due to denaturing temperature of different primer, extension of 1.5min at 72℃, a final extension step of 7 min at 72℃ and hold at -4℃. This optimal system laid the standardization program of the identification of Coptis Chinensis Franch. and the efficient use of its germplasm resource.

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Construction of a cDNA Library and Cloning of nhx cDNA from Populus euphratica under Salt Stress

ZHU Xin-Lei;MA Yan;ZHANG Fu-Chun*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 82-88. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.016

Abstract （2348）

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The total RNA was extracted from Populus euphratica under salt stress with the 600mmol·L ^-1 NaCl treatment, and then the cDNA library was constructed by SMART technique, which uses λTriplEx2 as a vector. The estimated titer and the percentage for the unamplified salt stress library (SSL) is 1.2×10 ⁶ pfu·ml ^-1 and 90.6%. Selected cDNA clones randomly and the EST were obtained by 3′ sequenced, these sequences were compared in GenBank databases. 32 Expressed Sequence Taqs (ESTs) were gained from the SSL with high homologous sequences, 71.8% are assigned putative identities. The sequences from the remaining clones showed either significant similarity to protein or DNA sequences that were of unknown function or no significant similarity to any other sequences in the databases. Two of the SSL transcripts encoding dehydrin may be connected with salt stress. Meanwhile, two primers of nhx were synthesized and the full length nhx cDNA of Populus euphratica was successfully obtained from this library to identify the high quality library using PCR.

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Cytogenetic Studies on the Cross-progenies Between Chinese Spring-Agilops 2C Disomic Addition and Chinese Spring-Elytriga Disomic Addition

LIU Feng-Qi;QU Min;ZHANG Yan-Ming;ZHANG Xue-Ting;LI Ji-Lin*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 89-93. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.017

Abstract （2581）

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The cytogenetics of the cross-progenies between Chinese Spring-Agilops 2C disomic addition and Chinese Spring-Elytriga disomic addition were studied. The results showed that The highest seed-setting of crossing generation is 36.06%, the lowest is 19.43% and average is 29.5%. The highest seed-setting of F ₁-selfed is 62.09%, the lowest is 30.92% and average is 39.64%. the control experiment and analysis of variance showed that the gametocidal chromosome effected on the difference of seed-set rate of hybridization in different lines. After scrutinizing the meiosis of pollen mother cells (PMS) in F ₁ hybrids, the results were concluded: the number of univalents exceeded the expected and some trivalents and tetravalents appeared at the same time. These were mainly caused by the gametocidal chromosome 2C.

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Improving Tasting and Nutritional Quality of Rice by Introducing Anti- waxy Gene

LI Jian-Yue;MAO Wan-Xia;FAN Shi-Jing;LÜYing-Hai;

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 94-98. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.018

Abstract （2063）

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It was reported that there was a negative correlation between amylose content and protein content in the rice seeds. In this research anti- waxy- gus fusion gene was transferred into the rice immature embryo callus by Agrobacterium infection. Eight transgenic plants (fertile) were obtained. That the anti- waxy- gus fusion gene had been integrated into the eight transgenic plants’ genomes was testified by PCR and Southern blot tests and the anti- waxy- gus fusion gene could be expressed correctly by GUS-dyeing in grain of rice. Sixteen homozygous transgenic plants in anti- waxy- gus fusion gene position were obtained through GUS analyses. Amylose and protein contents in the sixteen plants’ seeds were analyzed. The results indicated:(1) There were significant negative correlations between protein contents and amylose contents in the sixteen transgenic plants’ seeds; (2) Amylose average content and protein average content in the control were respectively 13.4% and 9.5%. The amylose content in one transgenic plant was lowest (11.4%), at the same time its protein content was highest (13.5%). This shows that tasting quality and nutritional quality of rice seeds are improved by introducing anti- waxy gene.

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Quantitative Characteristics and Reproductive Allocation Study on Reproductive Ramets of Spartina alterniflora Population in Tidal-flat in Tianjin,China

LI Rui-Li;SHI Fu-Chen*;ZHANG Xiu-Ling;ZHU Ming

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 99-106. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.019

Abstract （1648）

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Through sampling measure on the single dominant species community in tidal-flat in Tianjin, the quantitative characteristics and the reproductive allocation on reproductive ramets of Spartina alterniflora population were studied in the ripening stage. The results showed that the w-eight of each reproductive ramet of Spartina alterniflora population was 15.62±9.26 g; the weight of ear and seeds were respectively 2.68±2.08 and 1.39±1.12 g; the number of spikelets and seeds were respectively 537.7±362.2 and 490.2±376.3; reproductive allocationⅠ(RAⅠ) and reproductive allocation Ⅱ(RAⅡ)were respectively 15.02±5.83 and 7.62±3.8%; the seed percentage was 81.9±28.6%. It is necessary to accumulate total biomass of ramet, which was more than 3.2 and 3.6 g for producing ear and seeds, respectively. There were most significant positive correlations between the length of ear and weight of ear and number of spikelets and seeds and RA Ⅰand RA Ⅱ and the height of ramet, respectively( p<0.01). There were most significant positive correlations between the weight of ear and seeds and number of spikelets and seeds and RA Ⅰand RA Ⅱ and the weight of ramet, respectively( p<0.01). There were most significant negative correlations bet-ween the number of seeds and spikelets and RAⅠand RA Ⅱand the allocation of stem and leaf sheath biomass, respectively( p<0.01).The regularities of the spatial distribution of ear are obvious.

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Effects of Extracts from Peganum multisectum on Seed Germination and Seedling Physiological Characteristics of Cucumber

LIU Jian-Xin;ZHAO Guo-Lin

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 107-111. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.020

Abstract （2374）

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Effects of extracts from Peganum multisectum (Maxim.) Bobr. on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of cucumber under the conditions of indoor culture and soil culture in flowerpot were investigated. The results showed that the cucumber seeds soaked with extracts of total alkaloid, dissoluble alkaloid and fat-soluble alkaloid from P. multisectum (Maxim.) Bobr., the activities of amylase, protease and lipase during seed germination were inhibited, the seed vigor and germination rate were suppressed, and respiration rate of seedling was slackened; root activity, chlorophyll content and activities of nitrate reductase, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) of cucumber seedlings during seedlings growth were increased. The results indicated that cucumber seed soaked with extracts from P. multisectum (Maxim.) Bobr. could accelerate the growth of seedling and promote the breeding of healthy seedling.

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Species Diversity of Baihua Mountain Forest Plant Community

XU Bin;ZHANG Jin-Tun*;YANG Hong-Xiao;JIANG Hai-Feng

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 112-118. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.021

Abstract （2699）

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Based on data from 50 quadrates, species diversity of plant communities in Baihua mountains were discussed, and measurements of species diversity of quadrates along DCA axis 1 gradient and altitudinal gradient was also carried out. The results showed that: Richness index varied as follows: in forest communities it showed herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer, in shrub communities showed herb layer > shrub layer and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla community showed shrub layer > herb layer. Shannon-Wiener index of the most forest communities showed herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer but Populus davidiana＋ Larix principis- rupprechtii community showed shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer, and that of shrub communities showed herb layer > shrub layer but Vitex negundo var. heterophylla community showed shrub layer > herb layer. Evenness index of shrub communities showed shrub layer> herb layer, in forest communities it showed tree layer > shrub layer> herb layer Quercus liaotungensis and Populus davidiana＋ Larix principis- rupprechtii community showed shrub layer > tree layer > herb layer. The specie diversity of quadrates along both DCA axis 1 and altitudinal gradient significantly peaked at the intermediate elevations, but there were some differences: the fitted curves of both richness and evenness with altitudinal gradient were more significant than that fitted with DCA axis 1, while that of diversity showed the opposite trend.

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Impact of Cutting Interference on Biodiversity in Juglans mandshurica Forest from the Changbai Mountain

MA Wan-Li;LUO Ju-Chun;JING Tao;Joni Kujansuu

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 119-124. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.022

Abstract （1965）

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This paper focuses on change of the species diversity of Juglans mandshurica in different cutting way, which based on field investigations from different permanent sample plots in the Changbai Mountain forest area by using Simpson index (SI), Shanon-Wiener index(SH-WI)，Cody index（ β _c）and important value (IV). The studies showed that change diversity in herb layer is more obvious than tree layer and shrub layer in the forest. all of Simpson index, Shanon-Wiener index and Cody index（ β _c）were increased from remaining plot to selective cutting plot to clearing cutting plot. From the ordination of important value, there was obvious change after selective cutting or clearing cutting compared with remaining plot. We think that the diversity change seems to been caused by cutting interference, and reason is by light changing actually as well as by edge effect from time scale. Besides, by investigation on regeneration of J. mandshurica, both higher diversity of plants and well growth of seedling of J. mandshurica in clearing cutting plot are related to light factor, and it is no relationship between diversity of plants and well growth of J.mandshurica.

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Species Diversity of Forest Plants in Eastern Mountain Area of Heilongjiang Province

WANG Qing-Gui;XING Ya-Juan

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (1): 125-128. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.01.023

Abstract （2325）

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The species diversity of virgin forests and secondary forests in eastern mountain area of Heilongjiang Province were studied composing with quantitative community dynamics. And we researched the relationship between community dynamics, environmental gradient, growth rate, disturbance of forest and species diversity. The results showed that species diversity of secondary forests is higher than that of virgin forest, but the evenness is lower. The forest productivity is middle in the community that the species diversity is higher, however, not only the productivity is the highest but also the species diversity is the lowest. The species diversity is the highest in the community of middle intensive disturbance. The species diversity indices are increasing from the initial stage to the middle stage of succession then decreasing in the climax stage.

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New Species of Glyptopetalum from Yunnan— Glyptopetalum reticulinerve

XU Yuan-Jie;FAN Guo-Sheng*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 129-130. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.001

Abstract （1494）

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A new species of Glyptopetalum that distributes in Yunnan province is reported, it is Glyptopetalum reticulinerve.

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A New Variety and a New Forma of Chimonanthus Lindl. from Shennongjia, China

ZHAO Bing;GONG Mei-Xiang;ZHANG Qi-Xiang

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 131-132. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.002

Abstract （2281）

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This paper describes a new variety and a new forma of Chimonanthus praecox L. The main difference between new variety and Chimonanthus praecox var. praecox is that the middle petal of new variety is very convolved and the color of middle petal is white or gold yellow. which is mainly distributed in Shennongjia. the variety of Chimonanthus praecox var. reflexa with white petal is looked upon a new forma.

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Bretschneideraceae,a New Record Family from Hainan Province,China

ZHANG Rong-Jing;NG Sai-Chit*;XING Fu-Wu

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 133-134. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.003

Abstract （2552）

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Bretschneideraceae is reported as new record from Hainan province, China. The present discovery is the southernmost distribution of the family in China, and also the only tropical montane rainforest locality in China. Its distribution and conversation suggestions are discussed as well.

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Scapania ampliata,a Hepatic Species New to China

ZUO Ben-Rong;;CAO Tong;*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 135-138. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.004

Abstract （2850）

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Scapania ampliata Steph. (Hepaticae: Scapaniaceae) previously known from Japan, Australia and South Korea is reported for the first time from China (Guangdong and Taiwan). Detailed description and illustration of the species are provided.

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The Rectification of Three Illegal Names in the Genus Jungermannia (Hepaticae, Jungermanniaecae)

SUN Jun;DUAN Yu-Xi

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 139-140. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.005

Abstract （1907）

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Jungermannia polycarpa Gao et Bai, J. laxifolia Gao and J. brevicaulis Gao & Bai were illegal nomenclatures of Genus Jungermannia and were rectified in the article, the new names were Jungermannia multicarpa C. Gao et J. Sun, Jungermannia sparsofolia C. Gao et J. Sun and Jungermannia gongshanensis C. Gao et J. Sun respectively.

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Studies on the Development of Embryo in Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.

SHAO Wen;ZHANG Xian-Chun;LIU Bao-Dong*

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 141-144. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.006

Abstract （2412）

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This paper gives some details about the development of embryo in Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.)Sw. using the method of serial sections. In this species, the first division of zygote produces two equal hemispheric cells by the first partition wall at the right angles to the axis of the archegonium. The daughter cell near the neck of the archegonium gives rise to the vegetable organs, the other cell away from the neck develops to the feet. The apical cell of the first leaf and of the first root originate almost at the same time after the embryo reaches to the 32-celled phase. The second leaf takes place at the basal part of the first leaf and originates from the shoot apex cells when the first leaf pierces the calyptra. On the basis of the structure of vegetable organs, the first leaf and root are the earliest organs in the development of embryo.

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Seed Morphology of the Genus Illicium Linn.(Illiciaceae)

LIN Qi;LI Chao;LIU Chang-Jiang;YANG Zhi-Rong

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 145-150. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.007

Abstract （6871）

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The seeds of 15 species (33 samples) of the genus Illicium Linn. were observed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope, and described. The results indicate that Illicium seeds are obovoid, rarely ellipsoid or ovoid, flattened. Exotesta is stone-hard, mesotesta coriaceous, endotesta membranaceous. Exotesta is yellowish, egg-yellow to orange-brown with invariably smooth and lucidly ceraceous layer, without testa ornaments found. Seed has a raised longitudinal ridge (raphe) at the ventral surface extending from the hilum to the top. Hilum locates at the bottom, near ventral surface of seed, or at the bottom of seed, ovate or elliptic, depressed. Embryo minute, endosperm copious, oily. The most features of seed surfaces among the species of Illicium are similar and constant, which supports that the genus should be relatively natural monophyletic group.

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Studies on the Development of Gametophyte in Diplazium subsinuatum

DAI Xi-Ling;CAO Jian-Guo;ZHANG Ying;ZHU Juan

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 151-153. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.008

Abstract （2481）

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The gametophyte development of Diplazium subsinuatum (Wall. ex Hook. et Grev.) Tagawa from China was observed under artificial culture in this paper. The results show that the spore of Diplazium subsinuatum is bilaterally symmetric, elliptic in polar view, circinal-reniform in equatorial view, the echinate or baculate is formed by the perispore. The pattern of the spore germination is of Vittaria-type. The prothallial development is of Adiantum-type. The developed prothallial is cordiform. This study provides some information for system classification of pteridophytes.

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Comparative Morphology and Statistical Analysis of 3 Species in Cotoneaster Medikus (Rosaceae)

DING Song-Shuang;SUN Kun*;WU Qiong;SU Xue;CHEN Wen;DONG Li-Na

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 154-158. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.009

Abstract （2333）

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Twenty-three morphological characters among three species, Cotoneaster multiflorus, C.submultiflorus and C.melanocarpus from genus Cotoneaster Medikus, were compared by statistical analysis. Mean value and coefficient of variability (CV) indicated that the variations at intraspecies level were more or less vary in different characters and species. Results from the one-factor analysis of variance (one-factor ANOVA) showed that there was a significant variation at interspecies level in the 18 characters studied and the variation between C. melanocarpus and the other two species was more marked. The process of Stepwise Discriminant Analysis (SDA) indicated that 6 of the characters (hair on adaxial leaf surface, hair on pedicels, shape of base in midvein, shape of apex in midvein, orientation of arc in up quarter margin, petiole length/leaf length) were the key ones to distinguish 3 species, and besides, 82 materials could be specifically categorized into 3 groups. It is reasonable to consider C.submultiflorus, which is intermediate from C. multiflorus and C. melanocarpus in morpohological characters, as a species.

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Comparative Micromorphology of the Leaves of 2 Species and Populations in Melampyrum L. from Anhui

HU Jin-Rong;ZHOU Shou-Biao*;LI Jin-Hua;WANG Ying;LUO Qi;WANG Gui-Jun

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 159-164. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.010

Abstract （2210）

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Comparative micromorphology of the leaves of 2 species and 3 populations in Melampyrum from Anhui were studied with epidermal maceration,electron microscope and paraffin section method.The results are as follows：the shapes of leaf epidermal cells which have chloroplast, are irregular and the anticlinal walls are sinuous,sinuate, or double-sinuate, the cuticular membrane of leaf epidermis is striated; Both trichome and glandular are on the epidemis,the trichome has neoplasitic process under SEM. The palisade tissue consists of only one lay cells which line up loosely,and the spongy tissue has developed interstitial space; The stomatal apparatus which only distribute in lower epidermis are mainly of anomocytic type,but few concur to have only one accessory cell. Under SEM observation, the inner margin of outer stomatal ledge is near smooth or sinuolate. The results show that the significant micromorphological differences among two species are the pattern of anticlinal,the density of trichome,the length and width ration of stomatal apparatus, the ratio of palisade tissue to apongy tissue and the characters of middle veins,but there are not many differences among 3 populations of Melampyrum roseum.

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Study on Relationship between Root Anatomical Structures of Cucumber Stocks and Anti-adversity

WANG Gui-Qin;WANG Yu-Liang;SHEN Ge

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 165-168. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.011

Abstract （2221）

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Comparative anatomy research were carried out on root structures of Cucumis sativus and its three stocks i.e.: Cucurbita ficifolia, C.moschata, Luffa cylindrical by light microscope technology, and structure mechanism of anti-disease and anti-waterlogging within the Cucumis sativus+and its different stocks were also discussed.The results showed that: the type,and size of ressel holes the thickness of the vessel wall, the amount of xylem fiber around the vessel and whether with tylosis or not are closely related to the anti-disease character. The thickness of phellem, aerenchyma, diameter of vessel holes,and the number of vessels are related to the anti-waterlogging character.

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Effects of Exogenous Pro on Resistance of Trapella sinensis Olive to Cd ²⁺ Stress

XU Ye;SHI Guo-Xin*;XU Qin-Song;WANG Xue;DING Bing-Zhong

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 169-174. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.012

Abstract （2425）

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The mitigation of toxic effect of Cd ²⁺ on Trapella sinensis Olive by exogenous Pro was studied. The results showed that when treated with single 3 mg·L ^-1 Cd ²⁺ for 5 d,the Pro content increased,chlorophyll and soluble protein content dropped,the balance of antioxidase(SOD,POD,CAT) was broken and their activities decreased,MDA content,O ^- ₂ generation rate increased in T. sinensis Olive.When different conditions of Pro was added into the solution,Pro content dropped,the degradation of chlorophyll and soluble protein was alleviated,the activities of SOD and POD raised,the activity of CAT returned to normal level,the balance of antioxidase was rebuilt,the activity of antioxidase was enhanced, O ^- ₂ generation rate was dropped,and accumulation of MDA was reduced in comparison with single Cd ²⁺ treatment. As a result, exogenous Pro can enhance the resistance of plants to heavy metal stress.The optimum dose of Pro to Cd ²⁺ in T. sinensis Olive was ranged from 40~60 mg·L ^-1.

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In Virto Comparision of Ca(NO ₃) ₂ Tolerance of Different Tomato Cultivars and Rootstock Selfed Lines at Seedling Stage

LIU Hui-Min;ZHU Yue-Lin*;CHEN Lei

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 175-181. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.013

Abstract （2170）

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In vitro salt tolerance at seedling stage of tomato cultivars were evaluated under a series of Ca(NO3)2 concentrations. Seedling growth and salinity injury of different cultivars were examined after 10 days of treatment. Results showed that significant differences in salt tolerance were observed among 15 different cultivars. Cultivars of Shanghai 903, Suhong 2003, Sunshine 906, Dayu Zhongshu No. 4, Sanxing L402, Tomato Dahong, Zhongshu No. 4, Baoda 903, Xiafen, Maofen 802 were Ca(NO ₃) ₂ sensitive; Zaofeng Tomato, Jiangshu No. 14, Baofen, Sanxing 906 were medium Ca(NO ₃) ₂ tolerant; Japanese Dafen Queen was Ca(NO ₃) ₂ tolerant. The analysis of salt tolerance of 7 tomato rootstock selfed lines: TR-1, TR-2, TR-3, TR-4, TR-5, TR-7, TR-8 was studied at a high Ca(NO ₃) ₂ concentration. It was founded that under the same treatment the average numbers of lateral roots of rootstock selfed lines were significantly higher than those of tomato cultivars, while the salt stress indexes of rootstock selfed lines were significantly lower than those of tomato cultivars. The salt tolerance of rootstock selfed lines was higher than that of tomato cultivars, and salt tolerance of TR-8 was highest among the experimented tomato materials.

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Hormone Content and Balance During Bolting of Spring Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.)

SONG Xian-Yong;LIU Li-Wang*;GONG Yi-Qin;HUANG Dan-Qiong;WANG Long-Zhi

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 182-185. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.014

Abstract （2612）

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Endogenous hormones, including gibberellin (GA ₄), indole acetic acid (IAA), isopentenyl adenine (iPA) and abscisic acid (ABA), were analyzed during bolting in spring radish ( Raphanus sativus L.). Tissue from young leaves near the apex was analyzed with the ELISA. The results showed that an obvious peak value of GA ₄ content occurred at the bud-emerging point, indicating that this hormone is an important contributor to the bolting process. The ABA had a similar trend to that of GA ₄, while the IAA content was relatively low compared with that of GA ₄ and ABA. The content of iPA increased gradually during the bud-emerging stage and reached a maximum value at the late bolting period. The results also demonstrated that the balance of these endogenous hormones play an important role in the bolting process. A high ratio of iPA/ABA and low ratio of GA ₄/iPA and GA ₄/IAA were beneficial to floral bud differentiation and bolting in radish.

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Study on Expression of Genes in Tamarix androssowii under Drought Stress Using cDNA Microarray Technology

WANG Yu-Cheng;LI Hong-Yan;YANG Chuan-Ping;ZHANG Guo-Dong

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 186-194. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.015

Abstract （2484）

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cDNA microarray method was employed to study genes expression pattern in Tamarix androssowii under drought stress. cDNAs from T.androssowii treated with drought stress and control group were labeled with two fluorescence dyestuff Cy5 and Cy3,and hybridize with cDNA microarray containing T.androssowii genes. Gene expression under drought stress was studied through scanning and analysis of gene chip by computer. Totally 47 down-regulated genes and 62 up-regulated genes were obtained. Blastx analysis showed that the function of these genes could be grouped into the categorizations such as dehydration protection,signal transduction and regulation,active oxygen scavenging,photosynthesis,metabolism,ribosomal protein,and protein breakdown and recycling. At the same time,some function unknown genes and new genes related to drought stress were also found. This research revealed some important pathways of drought-resistance in T.androssowii,such as active oxygen scavenging,regulation of metabolism,dehydration protection and protein breakdown and recycling.In addition,the differential expression of genes in T.androssowii before and after drought stress were also elucidated.

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Study on Anatomical Structure of Leaves of Rare Plant Emmenopterys henryi Oliv.

YANG Kai-Jun;ZHANG Xiao-Ping*;ZHANG Xing-Wang;ZHANG Zhong-Xin;CAO Jing-Jing

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 195-198. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.016

Abstract （2478）

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The anatomical structure of leaves of Emmenopterys henryi Oliv. was investigated by wax-slides and photo-microscopy. The observed results indicate that the leaf belongs to typical bifacial leaf. Each epidermis consists of a row of irregular epidermic cells which are arranged closely and the horny layers of the cells are thin.The stomata only exist in lower epidermis covered by sparse cellulous epidermal hairs, and their type is paracytic. The mesophyll is very rich. Its palisade tissue is composed of 1~2 layers of cylindrical cells. The ratio of the palisade tissue to the spongy parenchyma is 1:2.2.The midrib is conspicuous.The characters mentioned above shows that it is adapted to the environments in which they live.

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Study on the Stomata Characters of Leaves of the Puionium Gaertn.

YAO Zhao-Hua;HAO Li-Zhen*;WANG Ping;ZHANG Feng-Lan;CHEN Hong-Wei;HU Ning-Bao

Bulletin of Botanical Research 2007, 27 (2): 199-203. DOI: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2007.02.017

Abstract （1566）

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Conducted with light microscope,the epiderdermal and dermal features as well as the stomata index were investigated in 3 species in Pugionium Gaertn.— P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn., P.calcaratum Kom. and P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum,and the significant tests for data were carried out. The showed that in Pugionium Gaertn.,the epidermal cells are anomo-shaped, and stomata distribute in both the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis ,which are anisocytic type. The guard cells are kidney shaped and the inner cell walls are thickened to different degrees: P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum＞ P.calcaratum Kom.＞ P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn.. The stomata are spindle shaped and sink as well.The stomata make and break showed a two-kurtosis carve in 3 species in a day. The stomata characters are very similar in P.calcaratum Kom. and P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum,but shows a significant difference in P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn.,which indicate that microcosmic characters such as the stable stomata characters and its morphology could be important features in determing and evaluating genetic resources.

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