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植物研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 642-649.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2014.05.010

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Maxent和ArcGIS预测川贝母潜在分布及适宜性评价

王娟娟;曹博;白成科*;张琳琳;车乐   

  1. 陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安 710062
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2014-09-20 发布日期:2015-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 白成科
  • 基金资助:
     

Potential Distribution Prediction and Suitability Evaluation of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don based on Maxent Modeling and GIS

WANG Juan-Juan;CAO Bo;BAI Cheng-Ke*;ZHANG Lin-Lin;CHE Le   

  1. College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2014-09-20 Published:2015-03-19
  • Contact: BAI Cheng-Ke
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 川贝母(Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don)为百合科(Liliaceae)贝母属(Fritillaria L.)多年生草本植物,其干燥鳞茎为名贵中药材,具有重要的药用价值,但目前野生资源几近枯竭。本文结合川贝母108个地理分布记录和16项环境因子,应用最大熵模型(Maxent)和地理信息系统(ArcGIS 9.3),预测了川贝母在我国的潜在适生区及其适生等级。结果显示,川贝母的潜在适生区主要分布在四川的西南、云南的西北和西藏的东南等地区,贵州的西北和甘肃的西南部分地区有零星分布。其中,川贝母最适宜分布区集中在四川(凉山和阿坝)、云南(楚雄、大理和迪庆)和西藏(林芝、山南和日喀则)等地区(适生指数>0.5)。等温性(模拟贡献率,20.2%)、年均降水量(16.6%)、海拔(14.3%)、温度季节性变化的标准差(14.2%)、1月最低气温(10.9%)和土壤pH值(7.9%)是影响川贝母分布最主要的6个环境因子。综合分析表明,川贝母最适宜生长在年温差小而日温差大的高原或山区,海拔2 500~3 500 m、年均降水量为850~950 mm、1月份最低温度在-3.5~4.7℃和土壤偏酸性(pH=6.66)是川贝母最适宜生长的生态位参数。上述研究结果对于适生区开展川贝母野生抚育和种植区划及标准化栽培具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 川贝母, 潜在分布, 适宜性评价, 最大熵模型, 种植区划

Abstract: Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don(Liliaceae, Fritillaria L.) is a perennial herb possessing important medicinal properties in its dried bulbs. However, exhaustion of the wild resources of this species was seriously occurred in recent years. In this study, potential distribution prediction and suitability evaluation of F.cirrhosa were conducted and the main influential environmental factors were determined using 108 geographic occurrence records and 16 environmental variables based on Maxent modeling and GIS (ArcGIS 9.3). Our results showed that the potential distribution area of F.cirrhosa was mainly located in the southwest of Sichuan province, the northwest of Yunnan province and the southeast of Tibet. F.cirrhosa was also fragmentally distributed in the northwest of Guizhou province and the southwest of Gansu province. Within these areas, Sichuan (Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture), Yunnan (Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture), Tibet (the districts of Nyingchi, Shannan and Xigaze) were determined as the largest highly potential distribution areas (suitability index>0.5). The Maxent modeling showed that isothermality (contribution percent, 20.2%), annual average precipitation(16.6%), altitude(14.3%), standard deviation of temperature seasonal change(14.2%), minimum temperature of January(10.9%) and soil pH(7.9%) were the main influential environmental factors that affecting the distribution of F.cirrhosa. Further analysis of niche parameters demonstrated that F.cirrhosa prefers to grow in plateau areas with low annual range of temperature and high daily range of temperature and its suitable habitat requirements were altitude around 2 500-3 500 m, annual average precipitation around 850-905 mm, minimum temperature of January around -3.5-4.7℃ and faintly acid soil (pH around 6.66). The above results will provide valuable references for the wildlife tending, the plantation regionalization, and the standard cultivation of F.cirrhosa.

Key words: Fritillaria cirrhosa Dodona, potential distribution, suitability evaluation, Maxent, plantation regionlization

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