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植物研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 524-530.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2011.05.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆大帽藓属6种植物茎及叶的比较解剖学研究

王虹1;索菲娅1;王剑虹2;茹仙古丽·吾守尔1;买买提明·苏来曼1*   

  1. 1.新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐 830046;2.兰州职业技术学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 买买提明·苏来曼
  • 基金资助:
     

Comparative Anatomy of Stems and Leaves of Six Species(Encalypta Hedw.)from Xinjiang

WANG Hong;SUO Fei-Ya;WANG Jian-Hong;Ruxiangul·Wuxur;MAMTIMIN·Sulayman*   

  1. 1.College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046;2.Lanzhou Vocational Technical College,Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20
  • Contact: MAMTIMIN·Sulayman
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 运用石蜡切片和电镜技术,对新疆的6种大帽藓属(Encalypta Hedw.)植物的茎和叶进行解剖学观察。结果表明:高山大帽藓(E.alpina Smith.)疣多呈菱形或“柱状”密集着生在叶表面,疣上纹饰呈纵棱和小疙瘩状;裂瓣大帽藓(E.ciliata Hedw.)茎横切面为五角形, 中轴细胞角隅加厚,叶腹面的粗疣大部分集中分布在凹陷的表面细胞壁上;剑叶大帽藓(E.spathulata C.Mull.)茎横切面没出现中柱鞘,疣在基部分叉丛生,叶腹面的表皮细胞壁不凹陷;钝叶大帽藓(E.vulgaris Hedw.)没有叶尖,中肋导水细胞大,叶表面细胞壁较光滑且强烈凹陷,其壁上的乳突不明显;天山大帽藓(E.tianschanica j.c.Zhao,R.L.Hu et S.He)茎内外皮层区分明显,内皮层细胞质浓,叶背面的分叉状粗疣呈密集生长在叶腹面的星状粗疣大多集中分布在稍下陷的细胞壁上;西藏大帽藓(E.tibetana C.Mull)中肋细胞壁加厚,叶片具层层叠叠的、密集的、不规则分叉的粗疣,叶背面有些部位被带状附属物所覆盖。这6种植物叶的背、腹面均具不同程度的分叉粗疣,但粗疣的大小、着生位置、呈现的状态、疣上不同的纹饰却各不相同;中肋细胞的层数、及导水主细胞的大小、状态也大不相同,这些细微特征的观察研究可作为大帽藓属植物分类学的依据之一。

关键词: 大帽藓属, 比较解剖学, 石蜡切片, 电镜扫描

Abstract: The stem and leaf anatomy of seven species of Encalypta Hedw. from Xinjiang were investigated using paraffin section and SEM methods. The results showed: Most warts of Encalypta alpina Smith. were diamond or like leg-bone and densely covered on the surface of the leaves. Ornamentation of the warts was longitudinal ridge and goose pimples. The transverse section of the stem of Encalypta ciliata was pentagon. Stem cross-section was pentagon. The ridge of central axis cells was thickened. Crude warts distributed intensively on the depressed epidermal cell wall of back leaf. The transverse section of stem of Encalypta spathulata C.Mull. did not appear central cylinder sheath. Warts clustered and forked in the proximal. The epidermal cell wall of back leaf was not depressed. Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. did not have leaf tip. Hydraulic conductivity cells of central ribs were large. The epidermal cell wall was smoother and depressed strongly. The papilla was not obvious on the wall. The inner and external epidermis of the stem of Encalypta tianschanica j.c.zhao were different distinctly. Cytoplasm of inner cortex was dense. Branching crude warts of back leaf distributed intensively, and the star shaped crude warts of ventral leaf mostly distributed intensively on the lightly depressed cell wall. Wall of central rib cells of Encalypta tibetana C.Mull. was thickened. Leaves have layer upon layer of dense, irregularly branching crude warts. Back leaf was partly covered by band-like appurtenances. The size, position, status and ornamentation of warts of the six species plants were different. The number of layer of central rib cells, the size and status of hydraulic conductivity cells were also different. The investigation and observation of these subtle characteristics can be used for taxonomy of Encalypta Hedw..

Key words: Encalypta Hedw., anatomical observation, paraffin section, SEM

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