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    15 June 2002, Volume 22 Issue 2
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    A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS MICHELIA L.(MAGNOLIACEAE) FROM CHINA
    ZHOU Shou-biao, ZHANG Ding-cheng
    2002, 22(2):  129-130. 
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    A new species of the genus Michelia L. from china is given.
    A NEW RECORD OF GENUS ANASTROPHYLLUM(HEPATICAE) FROMCHINA
    SUN Jun, GAO Qian, CAO Tong
    2002, 22(2):  131-132. 
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    A new record species Anastrophyllum piligerum(Nees) Steph. from China is reported, and the taxonomic situation of the genus Anastrophyllum is also discussed.
    NEW RECORDS FOR HUNAN PROVINCE PTERIDOPHYTES FLORAS
    LI Xin-guo, WU Shi-fu, SONG Guo-yuan
    2002, 22(2):  133-135. 
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    13 species of pteridophytes belonging to 3 families and 4 genera from Hunan province are firstly reported.
    SOME NEWLY RECORDED PLANTS FROM HUNAN PROVINCE OF CHINA(Ⅳ)
    HU Guang-wan, LEI Li-gong, LIU Ke-ming
    2002, 22(2):  136-138. 
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    Here, some taxa, including 1 family, Petrosaviaceae, 2 genera, Petrosavia Becc. and Oberonia Lindl., 11 species, Corydalis caudata(Lam.) Pers, Chrysosplenium wuwenchenii Jien, Sapium chihsinianum S. K. Lee, Paraboea sinensis(Oliv.) Burtt, Hemarthria compressa(Linn. f.) R. Br., Sparganium fallax Graebn, Petrosavia sakurai(Makino) J. J. Smith ex Steenis, Paris verticillata M.-Bieb., Curculigo capitulata(Lour.) O. Kuntze, Oberonia caulescens Lindl., Calanthe tsoongiana T. Tang et F. T. Wang and 1 variety, Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium Lévl. et Vant. var. emeiense J. T. Pan, are reported as new records in the Hunan Province.
    EXOTIC LEGUME SPECIES IN CHINA
    ZHU Xiang-yun, DU Yu-fen
    2002, 22(2):  139-150. 
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    Exotic species have an important play on native species somewhere. Recently some researchers pay more attention to their adaptation and living mechanism. Under this kind of situation, the present authors reconfirmed some exotic legume species, and firstly reported that 158 legume species(including subspecies and varieties) of 73 genera occur in China.
    STUDY ON CLASSIFICATION,DISTRIBUTION AND SUCCESSION OF PINUS MASSONIANA FOREST IN GUANGXI
    WANG Xian-pu, JIANG Gao-ming
    2002, 22(2):  151-155. 
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    Pinus massoniana forest is a seral stage of evergreen broadleaf forest sere. There is expansive distribution in different geographical regions of Guangxi, mainly occurring in red and yellow soil hill and mountain below elevation of 1300m. 3 Association classes and 76 Associations have been identified. Their successional trend and situated stage toward recovering evergreen broadleaf forest can be fully proved through information analysis of community physiognomy, structure and species composition change between 76 Associations, and offering scientific base for their rational management.
    STUDIES ON FLORA OF SEED PLANTS IN YI MOUNTAINS OF SHAN DONG PROVINCE
    WANG Xi-hua, LI Jing-dong
    2002, 22(2):  156-162. 
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    Yi mountains lying in the eastern of middle shandong hill district has now 886 species of seed plant belonging to 122 families and 463 genuses auording to the many years incestigation. The research into 727 species of wild seed plant belonging to 108 families and 411 genuses in flora indicates that the area has typical characteristios of deciduous broadleaved forest in the warm temperate zone, complex geographica compenent, a great variety of flora types, very obvious preponderant phenomena and remarkable character of temperate zone. lompare with neighboring seed plant flora shows:yi mountain and tai mountain have upper homopeneity, itnand lao mountain, yuntai mountain as well as qian mountain is degressive in turn, and it is very different from ruya mountain and daqing mountain.
    THE ECO-GEOGRABPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF(ACTINIDIA KOLOMIKTA(MAXIM. & RUPR.) MAXIM.) AND ITS PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCES
    DENG De-shan
    2002, 22(2):  163-167. 
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    The polymorphic species Actinidia kolomikta(Maxim. Rupr.) Maxim., which with two discontinuous areas, is inherently sensitive to local changes in habitat and it strictly grows in Mixed Coniferous and Broadleaved Forest environments either in low altitudes of North-east Asia or in high altitudes of South-west China. According to its eco-geographical distribution and its affnities, it was pointed out that this species might be considered to have originated in high altitudes of Southwest China. The formation of its typical North-eastern Asia and South-west China discontinuous distribution pattern has been made by the driving force of the episodically environmental changes in Quaternary. And, in this paper the author has disscused the phytogeographic significances of its present distributional pattern.
    VARIATION PATTERNS ON MICRO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEMMAS OF AGROPYRON MONGOLICUM
    XIE Xin-ming, YUN Jin-feng, GAO Yan-chun, LU Xiao-liang, LI Bing-tao
    2002, 22(2):  168-172. 
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    Micro-morphological characteristics of lemmas of Agropyron mongolicum Keng from 6 natural populations and 2 cultivars were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that there were 14 kinds of variations on micro-morphological characteristics of lemma surfaces, indicating an abundant polymorphism. As far as the distribution pattern of the variations was concerned, the variations mainly existed within populations, and the differentiation among populations was not obvious. It was proved that the variation within populations was greater than that among populations.
    STUDY ON THE ORGANIC DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCE OF ALISMA ORIENTALE JUS. IN EARLY STAGE OF ONTOGENY
    LIU Mei, WANG Chen, LIU Ming-yuan
    2002, 22(2):  173-175. 
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    The Organic development sequence of Alisma orientale in early stage of ontogeny was studied. Two stages were divided:proembryo-mature seed embryo stage is characterized by the development of shoot apex being earlier than root apex, and plumular nodal root primodium, and being faster than radicle primodium; seed germination-seeding formation stage is characterized by the radicle growth being faster than plumular nodal root. And it was pointed out that the aquatic plants Euryale ferox and0 Nymphaea caerulea are of same characters as the former and the land plant Gentiana manshurica is of same characters as the latter.
    ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE SECRETION OF PELTATE GLANDULAR HAIRS IN OCIMUM BASILICUM L.
    ZHENG Bao-jiang, YU Li-jie, XING Shu-qing, WANG Feng-chun
    2002, 22(2):  176-178. 
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    It was proved by electron microscopic observation that head cells of peltate glandular hairs contained a large number and volume of plastids. In which mass osmiophilic materials accumulated; During secretory period, the cytoplasm was detached from the cell wall; Osmiophilic materials secreted in two ways:one is exocytosis seretion, and another is ecrine secretion.
    STOMATAL AND NON-STOMATAL LIMITATION OF THE FLUE-CURED TOBACCO UNDER WATER STRESS AT VIGOROUS GROWING STAGE
    SUN Guo-rong, YAN Xiu-feng, LIU Bo, LI Chun-sheng, SHAO Zhan-wen
    2002, 22(2):  179-183. 
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    The flue-cured tobacco of NC89、LJ851、LJ911 grow rapidly, consume water a lot in the vigorous growing stage. The level of relative soil water content had better be kept at 75%~85%. The fall of photosynthesis rate at noon is brought by stomatal limitation. When relative soil water is below 75%, the cause of photosynthesis rate drop is non-stomatal limitation. The non-stomatal limitation play dominant role in decline of photosynthesis while relative soil water content is below 65% which could do harm to photosynthesis organ.
    STUDIES ON CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAVES GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHYSIOECOLOGY OF SARGENTODOXA CUNEATA
    JIN Ze-xin, KE Shi-sheng, ZHONG Zhang-cheng
    2002, 22(2):  184-189. 
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    Studys on characteristics of leaves growth and photosynthesis physio ecology of Sargentodoxa cuneata showed that there were same increasing tendency among leaves length、area and dry weight of Sargentodoxa cuneata. They increased rapidly in early growth phase, but increased slowly after then. Leaves length and leaves area was maximum in the middle of July. Leaves dry weight was maximum at the beginning of August. The increasing of chlorophyll content and nitrate reducase activity with leaves growth lasted to August, reversed after then. The light compensation point in spring and summer was lower than in autumn, but the light saturation point was opposite. The diurnal variation of Pn was "single-peak" curve in spring, which was "twin-peak" curve showing obvious "noon-rest" in summer and autumn. The increasing of daily average of Pn in whole growing seasons lasted to the beginning of August, reversed after then. In summer, daily average Pn of Sargentodoxa cuneata was lower than evergreen broad-leaf species, which was higher than deciduous broad-leaf species.
    ENDOGENOUS HORMONES LEVELS IN CUTTINGS OF LARIX OLGENSIS AND THEIR RELATIONS TO ROOTING
    AO Hong, WANG Kun, FENG Yu-long
    2002, 22(2):  190-195. 
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    The experiment results of the cuttage propagation of larix olgensis have shown that shoot cuttings root better than hardwood cuttings, and seed-tree age is an important factor which affect the rooting. Seed-tree of two, the rate of rooting got more than 95%. On the basis of these experiments, the paper determined the contents of endogenous plant hormones levels in hardwood and shoot cuttings. It is shown that the contents of IAA、CTKs in shoot cuttings are higher than that in hardwood cuttings, and reduce with raising the age of seed-tree; on the other hand, the content of ABA in shoot cuttings is lower than that in hardwood cuttings, and increase with raising the age of seed-tree. The results demonstrate that the contents of IAA、ABA are closely related to rooting of Larix olgensis, IAA promotes rooting and ABA inhibits rooting. The experiments point out that IAA:ABA ratio maybe taken for a standard to express the capability of rooting of larix olgensis.
    EFFECTS ON ANTI-OXIDANT INGREDIENTS OF TARAXACUM MONGOLICUM HARD.-MAZZ IN DROUGHT AND WET ENVIRONMENTS
    ZAI Xue-ming, WU Guo-rong, GONG Zhu-nan, LU Chang-mei, LIU Hua, CHENG Jing-yao
    2002, 22(2):  196-200. 
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    Anti-oxidant ingredients and total anti-oxidant capacity from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz collected in drought and wet environments were studied and their isozymogram from PAGE were compared Results showed that activities of anti-oxidant enzymes(eg SOD, POD, CAT etc) and content of Vc from leaves were the highest, with content of soluble sugar, flavonoid and chlorogenic acid from anthotaxies were the highes; activities of SOD, POD and CAT from organs of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz in wet environment were higher than from corresponding organs in drought environment, especially from root, the contents of soluble sugar, flavonoid and chlorogenic acid in drought environment were higher than those in wet environment, especially from anthotaxies; No new SOD isozyme band could be induced by drought and wet invironment; total anti-oxidant capacity from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz in drought environment was close to those from correspording organs in wet environment.
    EFFECT OF REGULATION OF PHOSPHATE PENTOSE PATHWAY ON CELL GROWTH AND TAXOL BIOSYNTHESIS IN TAXUS CHINENSIS CELLS
    LAN Wen-zhi, YU Long-jiang, WU Yuan-xi
    2002, 22(2):  201-204. 
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    During the process of suspension culture; the change of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PDH) activity in Taxus cells without treatment was fundamentally similar to that of the biomass. However, G6PDH activity increased in chitosan-treated cells while biomass decreased. 100 mg·L-1 chitosan and 500mg·L-1 chitosan both enhanced G6PDH activity, and the improved degree of the latter was greater than the former. The addition of ethylene gly colbis-aminaethy ether-tetracetic acid(EGTA) declined G6PDH activity induced by chitosan, indicating that Ca2+ played an imperative role in chitosan-induced G6PDH. Glutathione(GSH) treatment inhibited by feedback the chitosan-induced G6PDH. After analyzing the relationship between various G6PDH activities and Taxol production, we concluded that regulation of phosphate pentose pathway by the appropriate methods could be beneficial to Taxol production in Taxus cells.
    RESPONSE OF PLANTS PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO HIGHER TEMPERATURE
    LIU Dong-huan, ZHAO Shi-wei, GAO Rong-fu, ZHANG Zuo-shuang, JIANG Chuang-dao, LIU Yu-jun
    2002, 22(2):  205-212. 
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    The effects of higher temperature on main site of plant photosynthetic organ were studied. The restrictive factors caused by higher temperature leading to photosynthetic rate to decrease and main defense mechanisms of higher plants on higher temperature were analyzed. Based on above researches, future research directions were discussed.
    STUDY ON FOUR KINDS BIOCHEMICAL TARGETS OF HIPPOPHAE SPP. IN BLOSSOM AND FRUIT PERIOD
    HE Shi-min, YUAN Xiao-ying, SHI Yun-chen
    2002, 22(2):  213-215. 
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    Catalase(CAT) and Peroxidase(POD) activities as well as the content of free amino acid and ascorbic acid in the flowers and fruits of Hippophae L. spp were tested and analyzed. The results are as follow:Xiangyang, Yousheng, and Hunjin are superior to Qiji, Chuyi and Ayaganka. The content of free amino acid and ascorbic acid in fruits is higher than that in flowers; Catalase activity in fruits is higher than that in flowers; Peroxidase activity in flowers is higher than that in fruits.
    ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE COMPONENT OF ALOE GELATIN IN DIFFERENT LIVING CONDITION
    WANG Zhen-yu, YANG Chun-yu, GAO Chang-ju
    2002, 22(2):  216-219. 
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    Aloe vera L. var. Chinensis lives in Yuanjiang District in Yunnan province is a variety which has great potential, and it was cultivated all over China especially in greenhouse in northeast China. This paper analyzed the quantities of active material in aloe gelatin of different living environment. The result indicated that there were obvious differences between the quantities of active material in aloe gelatin of different living environment. The quantity of active material in aloe gelatin in Yuanjiang District in Yunnan province is much higher than that in greenhouse in Heilongjiang province, and there are great deal of protein and organic acid in aloe gelatin of Aloe vera L. var. Chinensis under condition of high temperature and weak acid soil.
    STUDIES ON WHEAT-RYE CHROMOSOMES SUBSTITUTION
    LI Ji-lin, WANG Ning, GUO Dong-lin, GUO Chang-hong, XU Xiang-ling
    2002, 22(2):  220-223. 
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    In common Wheat×Octoploid Triticale and Hezaploid Tyiticale we have selected 56 lines with common wheat rye's characters, Through C-banding and in situ hybridization, 10 lines was certified as homoeologous substitution lines:1R/1D, 1R/1A, 5R/5A and 6R/6A. These lines are useful for the genetic stability fertility and dry and disease resistance, In hybridization between 5R/5A and 6R/6A We obtained a lot of small segment translocation lines which were supposed to be originated from the homoeologous chromosome pairing and crossover.
    GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 5 SPECIES OF LARIX BASED ON ALLOZYMES
    ZHANG Xue-ke, MAO Zi-jun, SONG Hong, MENG Bin
    2002, 22(2):  224-230. 
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    The systematic relationship has been quite confused among the species of Larix because of given the weak morphological differentiation between species. The phylogeny of Larix is still poorly known. The genetic structures of 5 species of Larix were analyzed in this paper. Using horizontal sliceable starch gel electrophoresis method, the variation at 8 allozyme loci coding for 5enzyme systems(AAT, IDH, DIA, PGM, SKDH) was examined in 5 species of Larix taxa across their range in current study. These species are Larix sibirica Ledeb, L. cajanderi Mayr, L. gmelinii Rupr, L. sukaczewii Dil and hybrid L. czekanowskii(L. gmelinii×L. sibirica). The result showed that the genetic distance of the 5 species of Larix is from 0.067 to 0.260, which was higher than that of intra-specific populations. The result also revealed the relationship between the 4 species Considering the morphological, biological and ecological characteristics of the 5 Larix species, the evidence of allozyme variability support the idea that L. cajanderi, L. gmelinii, L. sibirica and L. Sukaczewii are independent species.
    STUDY ON ASEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.
    XING Ya-juan, HUANG Fu-lun, LUO Yu-liang, FU Guo-hua, LI Ying-jun
    2002, 22(2):  231-235. 
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    Asexual reproductive technology is one of the best means to breeding fine species The project obtain the best way for cuttage of Hippophae rhamnoides L. by multiple-factor and multiple-level orthogonal experiment.
    ON INFLUENCES OF POPULATION DENSITY OF PLANTAGO VIRGINICA ON ITS MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
    GUO Shui-liang, SHENG Hai-yan
    2002, 22(2):  236-240. 
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    The influences of the population density of Plantago virginica on its morphological parameters were investigated at modular level. The results showed that the correlations between the morphological parameters and the population density in the vegetal period were not obvious, while those in the reproductive period were obvious. In the reproductive period, the relationships of the population density(X) with the leaf number(Y1)、leaf length(Y2)、leaf breadth(Y3)、fresh weight(Y4)、root weight(Y5)、spike number(Y6)、spike length(Y7)、flower number(Y8)、spike weight(Y9) and spike weight/vegetal weight(Y10) followed:Y1=22.0428-2.3022lnX, Y2=21.4185+2.1828lnX, Y3=4.9934-0.5048lnX, Y4=0.1567+699.574/X, Y5=7.7310X-0.7606, Y6=0.9019+318.886/X, Y7=2.4236+179.425/X, Y8=46.3069+6914.07/X, Y9=0.1382+15.9598/X and Y10=0.047+0.0002X. The density dependences of Plantago virginica and Plantago asiatica were also compared.
    MIXOTROPHIC CULTIVATION OF MICROCYSTIS VIRIDIS(A. Br.) Lemm.
    MA Wei-min, QIAN Zhi-ping, SUN Li, WANG Quan-xi
    2002, 22(2):  241-246. 
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    The growth characteristics and the effects of glucose, light and pH on the growth of Microcystis viridis(A. Br.) Lemm. under mixotrophic conditions have been investigated. The results showed that by comparison, the mixotrophic growth rate was much higher than the photoautotrophic and the exponential phase elongated in the mixotrophic culture. Under same condition, it was evident that the mixotrophic culture of Microcystis viridis produced much biomass than that of the photoautotrophic culture; Under same light intensity, with initial glucose concentrations in the range from 0 to 18.0g/l, higher glucose concentrations favored cell growth more markedly, whereas the concentrations above 18g/l presented only limited improvement on cell growth; Under same initial glucose concentrations, the growth rate and biomass/glucose yield increased with light intensity, ranging from 24 to 112μE·m-2·s-1; When light intensity was higher than 112μE·m-2·s-1, The range of the growth rate lower Microcystis viridis appeared light saturation. When pH ranging from 8.0 to 10.0, Microcystis viridis growth was promoted obviously; but more deviating from that, more restraining Microcystis viridis growth, even leading to death.
    THE STUDY ON AGROBACTERIUM TUMIFACIENS-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION FOR WHITE BIRCH(BETULA PLATYPHYLLA) FLASK CONTAINING GUS
    YU Jing-hua, ZU Yuan-gang, KONG Jin, SHI Fu-chen, NIE Ming-zhu, TANG Zhong-hua
    2002, 22(2):  247-251. 
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    Agrobacterium tumifaciens-mediated transformation for leaf disc of Betula platyphylla containing GUS was investigated and factors on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer is also discussed in detail. The optimal concentration of kanamycin to strain fungus is 50mg/l and of carbenicillin and cefotaxime is 500mg/l. Regeneration ratio of adventitious buds will improve 3-fold by adding of 100μM AS to regeneration medium. The optimal pre-cultivation period for leaf disc transformation is 3~4 days, the ideal time for leaf disc dipping in Agrobacterium is 10~20 minutes, and the optimal co-cultivation is 4 days. Transformed plants of white birch were obtained under above conditions and the transformation rate is 2.8%.
    THE ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL UTILIZATION OF WHITE BIRCH(BETULA PLATYPHYLLA) RESOURCES IN CHINA
    ZHANG Xue-ke, YANG Feng-jian, YU Jing-hua, SHI Fu-chen
    2002, 22(2):  252-256. 
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    The White Birch(Betula platyphylla), a world-wide species, mainly distributed in the Northern Temperate zone, and mainly in Japan, Korea, Russia and China in Temperate Asian. In other way, it mainly distributed in Daxingan Mountain, Xiaoxingan Mountain and Changbai Mountain in the Northeast China, Yan Mountain, Taihang Mountain in Northern China, Qin Mountain, Tian Mountain, Artai Mountain in Northwest China, Hengduan Mountain, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Southwest China. White Birch, growing rapidly and having stronger adaptability to the environment, is quality species to regeneration forest culture for restitution vegetation and conservation of both water and soil, also a important economic tree species for medicinal and edible application. So there will a very extensive global development prospect for white birch resources. The progress in the aspect of geographical distribution, community ecology, growth and development, Reproductive Ecology transfer-gene breeding, the processing utilization of wood, sap and bark of white birch resources in China was documented in this paper. At the meantime, suggestion on possibility of forming white birch industry and developing a new substitute estate in the protection engineering of the nature forest in China was put for forward for implementation rational exploitation, utilization of birch resources of China.