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中文
Table of Content
15 March 1986, Volume 6 Issue 1
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NOTULAE DE RANUNCULACEIS SINENSIBUS(Ⅸ)
Wang Wen-tsai
1986, 6(1): 1-42.
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INVESTIGATION ON EMBRYOLOGY OF TRILLIUM TSCHONOSKⅡ MAXIM.Ⅰ.——MEGASPOROGENESIS AND THE FORMATION OF THE FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE
Li Ping, Zheng Xue-jing
1986, 6(1): 43-53.
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The
Trillium tschonoskii
Maxim. is distributed in Mt. Emei of Sichuan. The ovule is of anatropus and crassinucellate type. When mature, it has two layers of integuments, of which,the outer one consists of two-three layers of cells, whilc the inner of two. The micropyle is formed by both integuments.A unicellular archesporium is derived from the hypodermal cell at the tip of the young nucellus, which divides to form a parietal cell and a sporgenous cell. The magaspore mather cell is formed from the development of the sporogenous cell and gives rise to a bisporie embryo sac. The first meiotic division is acconpanied by wall formation, so that a dyad is formed.Usually the chalazal dyad cell is bigger than the micropolar one and is fill by many starch grains. Only one of the dyad cells undergoes the second meiotic division whereas the other one degenerates. In the functional dyad cell wall formation does not occur of the second meiotic division and both magaspore nuclei contribute to the formation of embryo sac, which is derived from the chalazal dyad cell. The mature embryo sac is not magasporogenesis and megagametophyte development is something deviated from the normal type of the Allium. Synergids have filiform apparatus at its upper end.The mature male gametophyte pollen grain is two cells. The wall of undifferentiated anther showed the existence of amoeboid topetum. The endosperm is Holobial type.
A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE DECIDUOUS OAKS IN CHINA BY MEANS OF CLUSTER AND KARYOTYPE ANALYSES
Wang Liang-min
1986, 6(1): 55-69.
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This is a taxonomic study on the deciduous oaks of China by means of cluster and karyotype analyses. 1. By the cluster analysis to 25 species of the deciduous in China, 4 new taxa which have recently been published are further tested and their specific place in all the deciduous oaks are defined, and the relationship is quantified among the 25 oaks which are divided into two groups including daimyo oak group and sawtooth oak group. 2. The chromosome karyotypes of 12 main species of the deciduous oaks in China and common oak introduced are studied. The chromosomes of all the species exammed are 2n=24,and consist of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The chromosomes from 1.14
μ
to 3.46
μ
in length. The 13species can be divided into three types:daimyo oak-type,sawtooth oak-type and common oak-type.
STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAMETOPHYTES OF FERNS FROM NORTH-EAST CHINA Ⅱ.SELAGINELLACEAE
Bao Wen-mei, Aur Chih wen
1986, 6(1): 71-78.
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The developments of male and female gametophyte and juvenile sporophyte of
Selaginella tamariscina
(Beauv.) Spr.were studied. They have been grown in culture. The microspores and the macrospores of
Seiaginella
are all tetrahedral type and trilete. In the present species, the microspores are reddish orange and the macrospores are yello-wish. The microspores are cultured when they shed from their microsporangia. They deyelop into male gametophytes in a week, and the majority of them produce spermatozoids in 20 days. The male gametophyte consists essentially of a single antheridium. When the spermatozoids are extruded from the antheridium, it is enveloped by a membrane, its body is curved like a bow 5
μ
m. in diameter. After 2-3 minutes they stretch their biflagella and begin to swim. The length of the extended spermatozoid is about 9-10
μ
m. Its flagella is about 25-28
μ
m. The macrospores are treated in low temperature about 5℃. in refrigerator for 6-8 weeks and then cultured. They develop into white female gametophytes and emerge from the split in the trilete of the walls of macrospores in 5 weeks.The exposure of the female gametophyte is followed by the appearance of the archegonia in them. The number of the archegonium in a female gametophyte is about 15 even to 40.Because of their brown in color when they ripen, they can be recognized easily. An archegonium only projects with its four opercular cells above the level of the female gametophyte.These cells are triangular shield-shaped. At the trilete end of the macrospore the female gametophyte produces cells on its surface, and at the other end there is non-cellular structure storing its nutrition. The microspores and the macrospores are collected and mixedly cultured. Their juvenile sporophytes appear in 5 days.Its percentage is very low about 2.1-3.3%. At first the hypo-cotyledonary stem of them grows up and then it produces the hyprimary root. The two cotyledons which are on the top of the pocotyledonary stem expand. Accompanying growth the apical cells of stem extend and produce leaves, axillary buds and adventitious root. It is interesting to note that the tip of the primary root may branch dichotomously. In the present work, the percentage of the germination of the macrospores treated in low temperature greatly increases.This leads the author to consider that the macrospores in nature need a ripened period through a winter and germinateand develop into female gametophytes next spring. The micro-spores and the macrospores which do not be treated in low temperature are mixedly cultured, the percentage of the appearance of the sporophyte is very low. It is possible that the severy few macrospores which develop into female gametophytes and are fertilized may be shed last year. They seem to be sliped into the culture.
STUDY OF UNUSUAL FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN THE SEEDOILS FROM TRICHOSANTHES GENUS
Huang Min-quan
1986, 6(1): 79-83.
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Seven species of seedoils from
Trichosanthes
have been ex-amined about its fatty acid compositions by GC, UV, and IRetc.. It has been found that they all contain an unusual fatty acid constituent punicic acid which seldom occurs in the nature and are rich in it. Therefore we have reason to suppose that maybe punicic acid occurs in the seedoils of whole Trichosanthes genus as a common chemical composition.
STUDIES ON THE FAMILY OROBANCHACEAE OF CHINA(Ⅱ)
Zhang Zhi-yun
1986, 6(1): 85-95.
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FOUR NEW SPECIES OF GENUS BOTHRIOCHLOA(GRAMINEAE)FROM CHINA
Fang Wen-Zhe
1986, 6(1): 97-107.
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A STUDY ON THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS PARIS L.
Li Hen
1986, 6(1): 109-144.
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MISCELLANEA GUANGXIENSIA(Ⅰ)
Wan Yu
1986, 6(1): 145-150.
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NEW VARIETIES FROM JIANGXI
Yu Zhi-xiong
1986, 6(1): 151-154.
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A NEW SPECIES AND A NEW VARIETY OF RHODODENDRON FROM SICHUNA,CHINA
Hu Lin-cheng
1986, 6(1): 155-158.
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A NEW SPECIES OF ADENOPHORA FISCH·FROM HEILONGJIANG
Fu Cheng-xin, Liu Ming-yuan
1986, 6(1): 159-161.
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A NEW SPECIES OF BENNETTIODENDRON FROM GUANGXI
Chen Xiu-xiang
1986, 6(1): 163-166.
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A NEW SPECIES OF RHODODENDRON FROM XIZANG
Yu Qing-zhu
1986, 6(1): 167-168.
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NEW MATERIALS OF PLANT FROM SHANDONG Forestry School of Shandong Province, Taian,Shandong
Li Fa-zeng
1986, 6(1): 169-171.
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A NEW SPECIES OF FRITILLARIA FROM XINJIANG
Yang Chang-you
1986, 6(1): 173-174.
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A NEW SPECIES OF GRAMINEAE FROM CHINA
Wang Chao-pin
1986, 6(1): 175-177.
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NEW NAMES FOR THREE SPECIES OF FERNS FROM SICHUAN
Ching Ren-chang, Liu Zheng-yu
1986, 6(1): 179-180.
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SOME NEW TAXA FROM ANHUI PROVINCE
Liu Deng-yi
1986, 6(1): 181-181.
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