Leaf Anatomical Characteristics and Environmental Adaptability of Seven Sorbus Species at Longcanggou National Forest Park

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.02.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Leaf anatomical structures of seven Sorbus species at Longcanggou National Forest Park in Sichuan Province were observed by paraffin section method， and the relationship between leaf anatomical structure and environment was discussed in this study. The results showed that： the leaves of seven species were all of typical dorsal-ventral pattern； leaf thickness ranged from 108.16-208.21 μm， significant differences（P<0.01） were observed in the studied species； upper epidermis thickness was greater than the lower， furthermore， papillae were observed in the lower epidermis of pinnate-leaved species； palisade parenchyma was composed of 1-2 layers of cells， the ratio of palisade parenchyma to spongy parenchyma in thickness of S. prattii var. aestivalis was 1.93， and the rest of six species were less than 1 respectively； the vascular bundles of the midrib were all heart-shaped， which were typical collateral vascular bundle； the differences of midrib protuberant degree among species were extremly significant（P<0.01）. Among the anatomical structures， the plasticity of the upper and lower epidermis was the largest， which had strong potential adaptability in the habitat； the midrib had the least plasticity and the overall structure was relatively stable. Palisade parenchyma， spongy parenchyma and midrib were the most different anatomical structures among the seven species. Correlation analysis between leaf anatomical structures and environmental variables indicated that palisade parenchyma thickness， the ratio of palisade parenchyma to spongy parenchyma and cell tense ratio were positively correlated with annual precipitation， precipitation of warmest quarter and altitude（P<0.05）， and were negatively correlated with temperature seasonality（P<0.05）； diameter and protuberant degree of midrib were positively correlated with seasonal temperature（P<0.01）， and were negatively correlated with annual precipitation， precipitation of warmest quarter and altitude（P<0.05）. The adaptability of leaf anatomical characteristics reflect the survival strategies of seven Sorbus species at Longcanggou National Forest Park.

Key words: Sorbus, leaf anatomical structure, plasticity, environmental adaptability

CLC Number:

Q944.5

Kailin Zhu, Jiabao Li, Xin Chen. Leaf Anatomical Characteristics and Environmental Adaptability of Seven Sorbus Species at Longcanggou National Forest Park[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(2): 174-183.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

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Fig.1

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Fig.2

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种名 Species	经度（E） Longitude /°	纬度（N） Latitude /°	海拔 Altitude /m
毛背花楸 S. aronioides	102.889 3	29.575 1	2 070
	102.889 9	29.575 2	2 111
	102.889 4	29.575 4	2 107
江南花楸 S. hemsleyi	102.867 8	29.572 6	2 128
	102.893 7	29.571 0	2 134
	102.894 8	29.569 7	2 141
大果花楸 S. megalocarpa	102.841 2	29.605 9	1 364
	102.895 2	29.615 3	1 509
	102.896 9	29.611 7	1 549
泡吹叶花楸 S. meliosmifolia	102.821 0	29.593 8	1 448
	102.896 8	29.611 5	1 544
	102.896 7	29.611 6	1 548
多对西康花楸 S. prattii var. aestivalis	102.863 5	29.570 1	2 185
多对西康花楸 S. prattii var. aestivalis	102.863 4	29.569 9	2 186
晚绣花楸 S. sargentiana	102.869 4	29.573 4	2 127
	102.863 7	29.570 6	2 180
	102.862 8	29.568 1	2 222
梯叶花楸 S. scalaris	102.889 3	29.575 0	2 068
	102.894 7	29.569 8	2 137
	102.863 9	29.571 1	2 162

气候因子类型 Types of climatic factors	气候变量 Climatic variables
温度因子 Temperature factors	年均温Annual mean temperature （Bio1）
	平均月温差 Mean diurnal tange （Bio2）
	等温性 Isothermality （Bio3）
	季节性温差^** Temperature seasonality （Bio4）
	最暖月最高温 Max temperature of warmest month （Bio5）
	最冷月最低温 Min temperature of coldest month （Bio6）
	年温差 Temperature annual range ［standard deviation］（Bio7）
	最暖月均温 Mean temperature of warmest quarter （Bio10）
	最冷月均温 Mean temperature of coldest quarter （Bio11）
降水因子 Precipitation factors	年降水量^** Annual precipitation （Bio12）
	最湿润月降水 Precipitation of wettest month （Bio13）
	最干旱月降水 Precipitation of driest month （Bio14）
	最湿润季降水 Precipitation of wettest quarter （Bio16）
	最干旱季降水 Precipitation of driest quarter （Bio17）
	季节性降水变化 Precipitation seasonality （Bio15）
水热综合因子 Hydrothermal factors	最湿季均温 Mean temperature of wettest quarter （Bio8）
	最干季均温 Mean temperature of driest quarter （Bio9）
	最暖季降水^** Precipitation of warmest quarter （Bio18）
	最冷季降水 Precipitation of coldest quarter （Bio19）

种名 Species	叶片厚度 Leaf thickness /μm	上表皮厚度 Upper epidermis thickness /μm	下表皮厚度 Lower epidermis thickness/μm	栅栏组织厚度 Palisade parenchyma thickness /μm	海绵组织厚度 Spongy parenchyma thickness /μm	栅海比 P/S	紧密度 Cell tense ratio	疏松度 Sponge ratio	中脉直径 Diameter of midrib /μm	中脉突起度 Midrib protuberant degree
毛背花楸 S. aronioides	208.21±19.24A	24.34±5.86AB	13.54±2.33C	77.76±7.97A	91.06±16.33A	0.88±0.19BC	37.62±4.80B	43.73±6.64B	753.08±29.23B	3.65±0.42C
江南花楸 S. hemsleyi	168.85±21.80C	15.11±2.80D	9.08±1.83E	64.52±9.08C	85.29±16.25AB	0.77±0.12C	38.32±3.85B	50.40±6.13A	605.45±88.81C	3.65±0.77C
大果花楸 S. megalocarpa	108.16±5.97F	18.66±2.96C	12.18±2.69CD	36.24±2.55F	43.78±5.99DE	0.84±0.12BC	33.56±2.57C	40.43±4.63B	1 157.13±8.22A	10.73±0.58A
泡吹叶花楸 S. meliosmifolia	163.06±10.17C	18.73±4.50C	17.73±4.71B	43.15±5.32E	79.93±13.49BC	0.56±0.12D	26.57±3.71D	49.03±7.93A	500.18±46.07E	3.07±0.29D
多对西康花楸 S. prattii var. aestivalis	138.48±7.27D	22.17±5.50B	10.03±2.81DE	71.88±6.23B	38.19±5.21E	1.93±0.40A	52.07±5.51A	27.62±3.79C	267.87±6.24F	1.94±0.10F
晚绣花楸 S. sargentiana	126.27±8.36E	16.54±2.55CD	13.73±2.28C	48.68±6.80D	51.48±6.77D	0.97±0.24B	38.74±6.36B	40.84±5.42B	554.28±66.39D	4.42±0.69B
梯叶花楸 S. scalaris	188.58±15.28B	26.70±8.21A	21.52±5.90A	60.93±10.86C	75.16±10.58C	0.83±0.20BC	32.40±5.51C	40.12±6.46B	470.52±13.10E	2.51±0.22E

	毛背花楸 S. aronioides		江南花楸 S. hemsleyi		大果花楸 S. megalocarpa		泡吹叶花楸 S. meliosmifolia		多对西康花楸 S. prattii var. aestivalis		晚绣花楸 S. sargentiana		梯叶花楸 S. scalaris
	CV%	PI	CV /%	PI	CV%	PI	CV%	PI	CV%	PI	CV%	PI	CV%	PI
LT	9.24	0.31	12.91	0.38	5.52	0.20	6.24	0.19	5.25	0.19	6.62	0.23	8.11	0.26
UET	24.08	0.59	18.5	0.49	15.84	0.45	24.00	0.58	24.83	0.64	15.42	0.44	30.74	0.70
LET	17.19	0.55	20.16	0.61	22.13	0.59	26.58	0.65	28.00	0.64	16.62	0.56	27.40	0.62
PT	10.26	0.38	14.07	0.36	7.03	0.23	12.32	0.43	8.67	0.30	13.96	0.43	17.83	0.56
ST	17.93	0.51	19.05	0.58	13.67	0.4	16.88	0.44	13.65	0.40	13.16	0.38	14.07	0.39
P/S	21.91	0.56	15.63	0.48	14.68	0.43	21.84	0.52	20.79	0.53	25.18	0.64	24.52	0.66
CTR	12.77	0.43	10.05	0.32	7.65	0.25	13.96	0.44	10.59	0.34	16.40	0.49	16.99	0.54
SR	15.19	0.45	12.16	0.46	11.46	0.33	16.17	0.46	13.71	0.40	13.26	0.40	16.11	0.45
DM	3.88	0.12	14.67	0.33	0.71	0.02	9.21	0.25	2.33	0.08	11.98	0.25	2.78	0.08
MPD	11.61	0.34	21.09	0.55	5.37	0.21	9.55	0.33	5.09	0.18	15.64	0.41	8.77	0.29
均值 Mean	14.41	0.42	15.83	0.46	10.41	0.31	15.68	0.43	13.29	0.37	14.82	0.42	16.73	0.46

	LT	UET	LET	PT	ST	P/S	CTR	SR	DM	MPD
LT	1
UET	0.575^**	1
LET	0.361	0.545*	1
PT	0.727^**	0.486*	-0.130	1
ST	0.858^**	0.213	0.251	0.426	1
P/S	-0.229	0.196	-0.368	0.418	-0.599^**	1
CTR	-0.143	0.033	-0.581^**	0.571^**	-0.421	0.907^**	1
SR	0.301	-0.337	0.071	-0.183	0.743^**	-0.860^**	-0.648^**	1
DM	-0.334	-0.180	-0.236	-0.421	-0.148	-0.359	-0.296	0.161	1
MPD	-0.644^**	-0.301	-0.276	-0.625^**	-0.458*	-0.195	-0.201	-0.013	0.930^**	1