Abstract: Abstract This paper reported the studies of overall embryology of Rhodiola sachalinensis A.Bor..Development of the anther wall followed the Basic type.Part of the tapetal cells divided into regular two layers.Tapetal cells was uninucleate or binucleate, and blonged to the secretory type.Meiosis of microspore mother cell was normal and cytokinesis was of the simultaneaus type.The tetrad was tetrahedral in shape.The mature pollen grains were 2-celled.The ovule was anatropous, bitegminous, crassinucellate and nucellar beak was formed during the development of the ovule.The megaspore mother cell went meiosis to form a linear tetrad.The chalazal megaspore was functional.The development of the embryo sac was conformed as the Polygonum type.In mature embryo sac, the nuclei of the egg cell and synergids located in the chalazal part of the cells and the microplar part of the cells possessed vacuoles; two polar nucleus fused into the secondary nucleus, and located near the chalazal end of egg cell; three antipodal cells degenerated.The fertilization belonged to the premitotic type of syngamy; the development of the endosporm belonged to the cellular type.The first division of endosperm cell given rise to two cells, the chalazal cell developed into haustorioum without division.The development of the embryo belonged to the Caryophyllad type.In 2-celled proembryo basic cell became much enlarged and formed sacciform haustorium which invade the micropylar.