Abstract: In this paper, pollen grains of 6 species of the genus Rosa in China and 8 cultivars of rose were examined under scanning electron microscope. The pollen grains of the genus are prolate and perprolate in shape with 12.6(10.9-14.4)×23.3(20.6-27.1) μm and 3-colpates. The exine ornamentation is striate with or without puncta. The systematic position of some rose spec-ies and identification of rose cultivars are disscussed based on characterist-ics of pollen gains.