Abstract: It is indicted definitely that the Chinese medicinal Huangqi plants have 3 species——Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, A. mongholicus Bunge and A. brealimongolicus Y. Z. Zhao which is a new species; It is defined the floristic geographical elements of the 3 species: A. membranaceus is distributional species of the forest zone of northern east Asia-southern Siberia, A. mongholicus is distributional species of the forest-steppe zone of northern China, A. borealimongolicus is distributional species of steppe zone of northern Mongol Plateau; It is found that 3 species form obvious distribution pattern of geographical substitute.

Key words: Chinese medicinal Huangqi, new species, geographical distribution, floristic geographical elements, geographical substitute