Effect of Urban Tree Species on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Harbin, Northeastern China, and Afforestation Implications

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.010

Abstract

Abstract: Owing to diversified urban tree species in Northeast China, their possible impact on soil fertility and salinity-alkalinity and different patterns on soil profile are significant for appropriate species selection, and data from long-term permanent plots are very limited. Eight species(Fraxinus mandschurica, Juglans mandshurica, Picea spp., Pinus spp., Populus spp., Ulmus pumila, Phellodendron amurense, Larix gmelinii) were selected from the long-term plots in Harbin Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University and Harbin Botanical Garden, and samples from 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm soils were collected for measuring nine parameters of soil pH, electrical conductance(EC), soil organic carbon(SOC), alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen(AN), total nitrogen(TN), available phosphorus(AP), total phosphorus(TP), available potassium(AK) and total potassium(TK). By a multivariate analysis of variance, tree species can significantly influence most of soil parameters at the same soil conditions, and different soil depth had significant differences. Based on multiple comparison results, all tested parameters were standardized as scores, and comprehensive scores for soil fertility maintaining ability(SOC, N, P, K and its effective state) and for reducing soil saline-alkali degree(pH and EC) were respectively computed from above soil parameters. Much higher comprehensive scores in soil fertility maintaining ability were observed in different soil layers in species of Ulmus pumila(scores at 38), while lowest scores were generally found in Populus spp.( scores at 26.5). In the case of reducing soil saline-alkali ability, Phellodendron amurense and Larix gmelinii had higher scores(>15), while Juglans mandshurica had the lowest scores(7.5). When we divided trees into evergreen and deciduous species, no differences were found in fertility maintaining ability and saline-alkali declining ability(less than 15.6% differences). Our findings highlights that species selections for urban afforestation are important for tough site improvement. In the site of downtown with infertile soil and high saline-alkali degree, some species with high soil fertility maintaining should be chosen for their successful survival, while in fertile sites, such as river banks and wetlands, some species with high nutrient consumption and high growth rate could be selected for fast forest function rehabilitation. In the case of roadsides usually affected by high saline-alkali degrees from winter snow-melting, species with less saline-alkali declining ability should be avoided in afforestation practices.

Key words: inter-specific differences, urban forest, soil fertility maintaining ability, reducing soil salinity ability

CLC Number:

Q948.113

LU Jia-Li, SHEN Guang, WANG Qiong, REN Man-Li, PEI Zhong-Xue, WEI Chen-Hui, WANG Wen-Jie. Effect of Urban Tree Species on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Harbin, Northeastern China, and Afforestation Implications[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(4): 549-555.

References

1.Kenney W A,van Wassenaer P J E,Satel A L.Criteria and indicators for strategic urban forest planning and management[J].Arboriculture & Urban Forestry,2011,37(3):108-117.
2.Augusto L,Ranger J,Binkley D,et al.Impact of several common tree species of European temperate forests on soil fertility[J].Annals of Forest Science,2002,59(3):233-253.
3.孙景波,佟静秋,牟长城,等.哈尔滨城市人工林天然更新组成结构与年龄结构[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(2):16-18,21.
Sun J B,Tong J Q,Mu C C,et al.Species composition and age structure for natural regeneration of urban plantations in Harbin[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2009,37(2):16-18,21.
4.Wu C X,Xiao Q F,Mcpherson E G.A method for locating potential tree-planting sites in urban areas:A case study of Los Angeles,USA[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2008,7(2):65-76.
5.Edmondson J L,O'sullivan O S,Inger R,et al.Urban tree effects on soil organic carbon[J].PLoS One,2014,9(7):e101872.
6.薛建华,卓丽环.黑龙江省主要城市绿化树种的应用研究[J].哈尔滨师范大学:自然科学学报,2005,21(3):99-102.
Xue J H,Zhuo L H.Application study of garden applied trees in major cities of Heilongjiang province[J].Natural Sciences of Journal of Harbin Normal University,2005,21(3):99-102.
7.陈俊瑜,冯美瑞.哈尔滨城市绿化树种调查报告[J].自然资源研究,1985,7(1):30-48.
Chen J Y,Feng M R.Investigation report of urban greening tree species in Harbin[J].Natural Resources Study,1985,7(1):30-48.
8.陈喜全.关于哈尔滨实验林场土壤发生分类的探讨[J].东北林学院学报,1983,11(3):12-19.
Chen X Q.Study on soil genesis and soil classification on harbin experimental tree farm[J].Journal of North-Eastern Forestry Institue,1983,11(3):12-19.
9.Wang W J,Qiu L,Zu Y G,et al.Changes in soil organic carbon,nitrogen,pH and bulk density with the development of larch(Larix gmelinii) plantations in China[J].Global Change Biology,2011,17(8):2657-2676.
10.鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
Bao S D.Soil agricultural chemistry analysis[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000.
11.Wang W J,Wang H M,Zu Y G.Temporal changes in SOM,N,P,K,and their stoichiometric ratios during reforestation in China and interactions with soil depths:importance of deep-layer soil and management implications[J].Forest Ecology and management,2014,325:8-17.
12.洪瑜.湘中丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤的碳氮含量及质量评价[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2007.
Hong Y.Soil carbon and nitogen,quality evaluation under different land use in central hilly area of Hunan province[D].Changsha:Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2007.
13.Scharenbroch B C,Lloyd J E,Johnson-maynard J L.Distinguishing urban soils with physical,chemical,and biological properties[J].Pedobiologia,2005,49(4):283-296.
14.左晖.哈尔滨市湿地公园规划设计研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.
Zuo H.Study on Harbin wetland park planning and design[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2014.
15.Sjöman H,Nielsen A B.Selecting trees for urban paved sites in Scandinavia-A review of information on stress tolerance and its relation to the requirements of tree planners[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2010,9(4):281-293.
16.Mcpherson E G,Simpson J R,Xiao Q F,et al.Million trees Los Angeles canopy cover and benefit assessment[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2011,99(1):40-50.
17.赵雪梅,孙向阳,王海燕,等.不同种植密度下三倍体毛白杨林地土壤的养分消耗[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(1):42-44.
Zhao H M,Sun X Y,Wang H Y,et al.Annual change of soil nutrients in triploid Populus tomentosa plantations under different planting densities[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2009,37(1):42-44.
18.蒋建.南方主要造林树种养分利用效率研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2006.
Jiang J.Research on the nutrient use efficiency of main planting species in South China[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2006.
19.李秀军,李取生,王志春,等.松嫩平原西部盐碱地特点及合理利用研究[J].农业现代化研究,2002,23(5):361-364.
Li X J,Li Q X,Wang Z C,et al.A research on characteristics and rational exploitation of soda saline land in the Western Songnen Plain[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2002,23(5):361-364.
20.张建锋,宋玉民,邢尚军,等.盐碱地改良利用与造林技术[J].东北林业大学学报,2002,30(6):124-129.
Zhang J F,Song Y M,Xing S J,et al.Saline soil amelioration and forestation techniques[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2002,30(6):124-129.
21.魏晨辉,沈光,裴忠雪,等.不同植物种植对松嫩平原盐碱地土壤理化性质与细根生长的影响[J].植物研究,2015,35(5):759-764.
Wei C H,Shen G,Pei Z X,et al.Effects of different plants cultivation on soil physical-chemical properties and fine root growth in saline-alkaline soil in Songnen plain,Northeastern China[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2015,35(5):759-764.

[1]	WANG Ke, XIAO Lu, TIAN Pan-Li, ZHANG Xi-Ting, WANG Hong-Yuan, WANG Wen-Jie. Urban Street Tree Species Composition in 35 Cities of China [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(4): 568-574.
[2]	ZHANG Jing-Hua, TIAN Pan-Li, LIU Xiao, YANG Yang, WANG Ke, WANG Wen-Jie. Effect of Urban Greening on Air Quality ——Take 27 Provincial Capitals in China as an Example [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(3): 471-480.