Abstract: This paper is an attempt to propose a systematic arrangement and study of the genus Myricaria Desv., the history of study and the geogrophic distribution of the genus Myricaria Desv. is presented in the paper. This is a small genus witg 13 species in the world. There are only 10 species and 1 variety of Myricaria Desv. in China, including new species new ranks and new varieties in the present paper. The present paper gives a summary accaunt of character and distribution conditions of the species. The another clears up some confusions of the taxonomy and offers his new ideas on the subject. Myricaria Desv. is an alpine genus in the temperate zone Europe and Asia. Myricaria Desv. are distributed in Europe and Asia of northern temperate Zone, mainly in Xizang (Tibet)Province, China as well as its neighbourhood, with Himalayas as the center of the distribution pattern of this genus.