Abstract: A research, as shown in this paper, has been carried on into the narrow-leafed gentian distributing over south China and its related species such as Gentiana scabra Bunge and G. man-shurica Kitagawa. Their respective ecological habits, geogra-phical distributions and some characteristics of morphology, anatomy, cytology and phytochemistry were observed and being put into investigation. After comparing these characteristics, we know for certain that of both the narrow-leasfed gentian and G. scabra there are 10×4 rows of ovules in the ovary, 4 spots in the thin-layer chromatogram, 4 perioxidase isoenzyme loci in the electrophoretogram. We also know that their areal area are conjunctive and their glands situated at the base of their gynophore are of the same colour. Although some characters between the narrow-leafed gentian and G. manshurica are simi-lar, all their characteristics as mentioned above are different.According to these facts, a conclusion that the narrow-leafed gentian should be the subspecies of G. scabra Bunge rather thanthe same species as G. manshurica Kitagawa could be drawn as a preliminary suggestion here. It was named Gentiana scabra Bunge ssp. australis.