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植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 432-438.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.03.013

• 传粉生物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

狭域物种广西秋海棠传粉生物学研究

梁琼月1,2, 刘长秋2, 陆奇丰2, 邓涛2, 蔡博2()   

  1. 1.广西师范大学珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西师范大学生命科学学院,桂林 541001
    2.广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-25 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 蔡博 E-mail:1142210831@qq.com
  • 作者简介:梁琼月(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为植物传粉生物学。
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技基地和人才专项项目(桂科AD20325009);广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFBA159052)

The Pollination Biology of Begonia Guangxiensis, a Narrowly Distributed Species

Qiongyue LIANG1,2, Changqiu LIU2, Qifeng LU2, Tao DENG2, Bo CAI2()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guangxi Normal University College of Life Sciences,Guilin 541001
    2.Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006
  • Received:2022-11-25 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-11
  • Contact: Bo CAI E-mail:1142210831@qq.com
  • About author:LIANG Qiongyue(1997—),female,post graduate,mainly engaged in plant pollination biology.
  • Supported by:
    Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Special Talents Program,China(Guike AD20325009);Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Program,China(2020GXNSFBA159052)

摘要:

为了检验广西秋海棠(Begonia guangxiensis)的交配系统和该物种是否依赖原生境的特殊传粉昆虫进行传粉及其能否在人工生境中实现有性繁殖,展开了广西秋海棠的单花花期观察、花部特征测定、授粉、访花者观察及种子萌发测定等试验。结果显示:广西秋海棠具有较长的单花花期,不同生境下的花冠大小表现出一定差异;自交和异交之间座果率及种子萌发率和两生境之间的自然对照座果均无显著差异;访花者包括蜂类(中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana)与萃熊蜂(Bombus eximius))和食蚜蝇(黑带食蚜蝇(Episyrphus balteatus)与刺腿食蚜蝇(Ischiodon scutellaris)),不同生境和不同年份访花者组成有差异。以上结果一致表明,自交亲和的广西秋海棠依赖传粉者进行有性繁殖,但并不依赖某种特殊类型传粉者,而是具有较泛化的传粉系统,因此在非自然生境中也能成功进行有性繁殖。

关键词: 广西秋海棠, 狭域物种, 单性同株, 传粉生物学, 交配系统, 单花花期

Abstract:

To examine the mating system of Begonia guangxiensis and whether the species relies on particular pollinators in its native habitat for pollination and whether it can achieve sexual reproduction in artificial habitats, the experiment of floral longevity observation, floral traits determination, pollination, flower visitor observation and seed germination determination of B. guangxiensis were carried out in this study. The result showed that B. guangxiensis had a long floral longevity, and the corolla sizes varied in different habitats; there was no significant difference in the proportion fruit set and seed germination rate between self-pollination and cross-pollination treatments and natural control between the two habitats; flower visitors included bees(Apis ceranaBombus eximius) and hoverflies(Episyrphus balteatusIschiodon scutellaris), and the visitor composition varied with habitats and years. All the results consistently indicated that the self-compatible B. guangxiensis relied on pollinators for sexual reproduction, but did not rely on a particular type of pollinator, but had a more generalized pollination system, and therefore could reproduce successfully in unnatural habitats.

Key words: Begonia guangxiensis, narrowly distributed species, parthenotype, pollination biology, mating system, floral longevity

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