北方地区不同基质对辣木幼苗生长的影响及相关性分析

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2017.02.012

植物研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 242-248.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2017.02.012

北方地区不同基质对辣木幼苗生长的影响及相关性分析

徐海军^1,2, 程薪宇¹, 王晓飞¹, 孙宇峰¹

1. 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院, 大庆 163319;
2. 东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2016-11-07 出版日期:2017-03-15 发布日期:2017-03-11
通讯作者: 孙宇峰,E-mail:sunyf888@163.com E-mail:sunyf888@163.com
作者简介:徐海军(1979-),男,博士研究生,主要从事植物栽培及植物营养学研究。
基金资助:
黑龙江省科学院科研基金项目

Effects of Different Culture Medium on Moringa Seedling Growth and Correlation analysis in Northern China

XU Hai-Jun^1,2, CHENG Xin-Yu¹, WANG Xiao-Fei¹, SUN Yu-Feng¹

1. Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing 163319;
2. Key Lab. of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040

Received:2016-11-07 Online:2017-03-15 Published:2017-03-11
Supported by:
Research fund of Heilongjiang academy of sciences

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究高寒地区设施条件下，不同基质对多油辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam.）及其两个改良种PKM1、PKM2的苗木生长阶段株高、地径、形态解剖等特征的影响，筛选适宜的栽培基质。结果表明，珍珠岩+园土+腐殖土（1：2：1，T₁）、草炭+河沙+腐熟蘑菇基料（3：1：1，T₂）、园土+腐殖土+草炭+河沙（2：1：1：1，T₃）、园土（CK）4个基质中，T₂基质最适宜辣木生长，其有机质高达49.97 g·kg^-1、孔隙度76.84%、容重为0.58 g·cm^-3、速效N、P、K等肥力指标也显著高于其它处理（P<0.05）；在T₂基质中，辣木生长速度显著快于其它处理（P<0.05），定植71 d多油辣木、PKM1、PKM2三个品种株高依次是80.2、115.67、81.0 cm，较园土（CK，T₄）分别增长了38.3%、25.7%、28.6%；地径依次为13.27、17.47、15.08 mm，较对照分别增粗了32.0%、14.6%、39.0%；T₂处理的地上部分的发育最快，60 d茎表皮完全死亡、破裂，最外层形成周皮，韧皮纤维及木质部较其它处理发达；结合基质的8个向量因子与辣木株高、地径相关性分析，可知：有机质含量高、通气性、保水性及供肥能力较好的基质更加适宜辣木生长，各因子对辣木生长影响大小顺序依次为有机质、速效钾、含水率、孔隙度、容重、碱解氮、速效磷（P<0.05）。

关键词: 传统辣木, 栽培基质, 因子分析

Abstract: We investigated the effects of different cultivation medium on seedling growth of Moringa oleifera Lam., PKM1 and PKM2 under the facilities in northern China, the plant height, base diameter, anatomical shape character, and analyzed relationship between cultivation medium and growth of Moringa seedling. The results showed that peat+sand+rotten mushrooms base material(3:1:1, T₂) was better fit for Moringa seedling growth than the other three treatments which are perlite+garden soil+humus(1:2:1, T₁), garden soil+humus+peat+sand(2:1:1:1, T₃) and garden soil(CK). The contents of organic matter, porosity, and unit weight in T₂ substrate are 49.97 g·kg^-1, 76.84%, and 0.58 g·cm^-3, respectively. The available N, P, K in T₂ are significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05). The growth speed of Moringa seedling in T₂ substrate are significantly faster than other treatments. After 71-day planting, the plant height of M.oleifera, PKM1 and PKM2 are 80.2, 115.67, and 81.0 cm, respectively, increased by 38.3%, 25.7%, and 28.6% more than T₄(CK), respectively, and the base diameter are 13.27, 17.47, and 15.08 mm, respectively, increased by 32.0%, 14.6%, and 39.0% more than T₄(CK), respectively. The aboveground part of seedling grows rapidly under T₂ treatment. After 60-day culture, the skin of seedling under T₂ is completely dead and broken up. The phloem fiber and xylem are the most developed among four treatments. So relationship between eight vector factors of substrate and plant height, base diameter were analyzed, the result indicate that the cultivation medium which contain high content of organic matter, with capacity of permeability and water retention is more suitable for the growth of Moringa seedling. The factors which are significantly correlative to growth of Moringa seedling are organic matter, available potassium, moisture content, porosity, bulk density, N and P(P<0.05).

Key words: Moringa oleifera, cultivation medium, factor analysis

中图分类号:

徐海军, 程薪宇, 王晓飞, 孙宇峰. 北方地区不同基质对辣木幼苗生长的影响及相关性分析[J]. 植物研究, 2017, 37(2): 242-248.

XU Hai-Jun, CHENG Xin-Yu, WANG Xiao-Fei, SUN Yu-Feng. Effects of Different Culture Medium on Moringa Seedling Growth and Correlation analysis in Northern China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(2): 242-248.

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北方地区不同基质对辣木幼苗生长的影响及相关性分析

Effects of Different Culture Medium on Moringa Seedling Growth and Correlation analysis in Northern China

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