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植物研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 939-945.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.06.003

• 系统与进化 • 上一篇    下一篇

水青树特殊管胞的分布位置及其形态特征的研究

李茜然, 勇璐, 潘彪(), 郑欣欣, 石江涛, 李婷   

  1. 南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-29 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 潘彪 E-mail:pan.biao@163.com
  • 作者简介:李茜然(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事木材科学与工程的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31971585)

The Distribution Location and Morphological Characteristics of Special Tracheids in Tetracentron sinense

Xiran LI, Lu YONG, Biao PAN(), Xinxin ZHENG, Jiangtao SHI, Ting LI   

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037
  • Received:2022-03-29 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-11-22
  • Contact: Biao PAN E-mail:pan.biao@163.com
  • About author:LI Xiran(1997—),female,postgraduate,major in wood science and engineering.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971585)

摘要:

针对水青树(Tetracentron sinense)中一类特殊管胞进行较为全面的观察研究,判断细胞种类并分析维管组织输导机理及树木进化过程中的细胞演化规律。通过切片和解离技术,借助光学显微镜和电子显微镜对34年生水青树特殊管胞的分布位置和形态特征进行观察。结果表明:①特殊管胞在树木水平方向自内向外径向呈串排列,并贯穿年轮界限,多为一列,少数两列,且较为稀见。每个特殊管胞弦向左右两侧或单侧均与木射线细胞相连通。纵向上,特殊管胞单独或数个上下端接相连。②特殊管胞主要有以下3种类型:无端壁的纺锤形,有一个倾斜端壁,以及有两个倾斜端壁。特殊管胞的平均长度为286.44 μm;横切面为四边形,平均弦向宽度为55.22 μm,其平均壁厚为1.53 μm。③特殊管胞两端封闭,无穿孔。④特殊管胞侧面壁上的纹孔数量较多且纹孔膜明显可见,具体表现为:弦面壁上布满特殊管胞之间的具缘纹孔,呈对列、互列偶见梯状排列;径面壁上存在与射线细胞间的具狭缘单纹孔,呈大圆形至椭圆形,每区域多为2~10个纹孔,呈1~4排横列;径面壁上与正常管胞间几无纹孔。水青树特殊管胞分布有一定规律,其长度远小于水青树正常管胞,弦向宽度略大于正常管胞。其纹孔类型和排布规律与一般阔叶材树种的导管壁上纹孔的类型和排布规律有一定相似之处。特殊管胞形状不同于一般导管,处于由管胞向导管进化的一种中间状态,表明该类细胞达到一定演化水平。

关键词: 水青树, 木材解剖, 特殊管胞, 形态特征

Abstract:

To identify the cell types and analyze the transport mechanism of vascular tissue and explore the cell evolution during tree evolution,a comprehensive anatomical study was carried out on a kind of special tracheids of Tetracentron sinense. After slicing and dissociating, the distribution position and morphological characteristics of the special tracheids of the 34-year-old T. sinense were observed by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the special tracheids were arranged from the inside to the outside radially in the horizontal of the tree, and ran through the growth ring boundary. Most of them were in one row, and few were in two rows. And each special tracheid was connected with wood ray cells on one or both sides. In the longitudinal direction, the special tracheids were connected individually or with several cells terminally. There were three main types of special tracheids: fusiform without end wall, fusiform with one sloping end wall or with two sloping end walls. The average length of special tracheids was 286.44 μm. Its cross section was quadrilateral. The average tangential width of special tracheids were 55.22 μm respectively. The average wall thickness of special tracheids was 1.53 μm. The two ends of the special tracheids were closed without perforation. The number of pits on the side wall of special tracheids was large and the pit membrane was clearly visible. There were a large number of bordered pits on the wall in tangential section, which were arranged in opposite, alternated and scalariform pitting. The single pits on the radial wall were rounded or ellipse. There were 2-10 pits, arranged in 1-4 rows in per region. There were no pits between the special tracheids and the normal tracheids on the radial wall. The distribution of special tracheids has certain regularity. Compared with normal tracheids, the special tracheids were much shorter in length, and the tangential width were slightly larger. The type and arrangement of the pits were similar to those of the pits on the wall of general hardwood species. The shape of the special tracheid was different from the general vessel in the hardwood, and it was in an intermediate state of the evolution from tracheid to vessel, indicated a certain level of evolution of this type of cell.

Key words: Tetracentron sinense, wood anatomy, special tracheid, morphological characteristics

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