Abstract: Comparative anatomy research were carried out on root structures of Cucumis sativus and its three stocks i.e.: Cucurbita ficifolia,C.moschata,Luffa cylindrical by light microscope technology, and structure mechanism of anti-disease and anti-waterlogging within the Cucumis sativus+and its different stocks were also discussed.The results showed that: the type,and size of ressel holes the thickness of the vessel wall, the amount of xylem fiber around the vessel and whether with tylosis or not are closely related to the anti-disease character. The thickness of phellem, aerenchyma, diameter of vessel holes,and the number of vessels are related to the anti-waterlogging character.

Key words: cucumber stock, anti-disease character, anti-waterlogging character, anatomical structure