Interannual Changes in the Effects of Soil Gravel Content on the Growth and Physiology of Handeliodendron bodinieri Seedlings

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.06.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Handeliodendron bodinieri is an endangered species endemic in karst areas of southwest China. In order to explore the influence of soil gravel content on the growth and physiological characteristics of H. bodinieri seedlings in three consecutives growing seasons， annual H. bodinieri seedlings were used as experimental materials， different soil gravel content（0（control）， 20%， 40%， 60%， 80%） were set， and the growth， photosynthesis and physiological indicators of each group of seedlings were determined and evaluated in three consecutive growth seasons. The results showed that in the first growing season， when the soil gravel content was 60%， the net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control group； When the soil gravel content was 40%， the growth rate of seedling diameter， leaf biomass， transpiration rate， stomatal conductance， soluble protein mass fraction， and superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity were significantly higher than those of the control group； The intercellular CO₂ molar fraction and soluble sugar mass fraction of seedlings were significantly higher than those of the control group when the gravel content was greater than 20%； There was no significant difference in plant height growth rate， leaf area， root， stem， and total biomass between the control group and the control group. In the second growing season， when the soil gravel content was 60%， the transpiration rate and soluble protein mass fraction of H. bodinieri seedlings were significantly higher than those of the control group； When the soil gravel content was 40%， the SOD activity of the seedlings was significantly higher than the control group， and the stem biomass was significantly higher than the control group when the soil gravel content was 20%. The other indicators showed similar trends to the first growth season. With the extension of the growing season， in the third growing season， the growth rate of plant height and ground diameter， stem biomass， leaf area， stomatal conductance， SOD and POD activities of H. bodinieri seedlings reached the maximum when the soil gravel content was 60%， which was significantly higher than that of the control group； The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration of seedlings reached the maximum when the soil gravel content was 40%， which was significantly higher than that of the control group. The comprehensive analysis showed that in the three consecutive growth seasons， the soil gravel content with the highest score of H. bodinieri seedlings was 40%， 40% and 60% respectively. For three consecutive growth seasons， seedlings grew best at 60% soil gravel content.

Key words: Handeliodendron bodinieri seedlings, soil gravel content, growing season, growth and physiological characteristics

CLC Number:

S794.9

Chaoyang MA, Tianfeng LIU, Xiaoxue LI, Cancan HUO, Lingling FU, Zailiu LI. Interannual Changes in the Effects of Soil Gravel Content on the Growth and Physiology of Handeliodendron bodinieri Seedlings[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(6): 890-899.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Factor load of principal component analysis of each index of Handeliodendron bodinieri seedlings

指标 Index	处理时间 Processing time
	第一生长季 First growing season				第二生长季 Second growing season				第三生长季 Third growing season
	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄
总株生物量 total plant biomass	0.973	0.077	-0.099	0.043	0.992	0.065	0.005	-0.007	0.936	-0.258	0.040	0.070
蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate	0.374	0.703	0.239	-0.452	-0.654	0.571	0.243	0.197	0.824	0.025	0.293	-0.152
叶生物量 Leaf biomass	0.901	-0.011	0.219	0.226	0.767	0.096	-0.334	-0.144	0.815	-0.304	-0.217	0.025
叶面积 Leaf area	0.819	0.213	-0.249	0.087	0.652	0.265	-0.354	0.411	0.807	0.463	0.188	0.198
气孔导度 Stomatal conductance	0.432	0.569	0.250	-0.549	0.303	0.776	0.391	-0.079	0.880	0.284	-0.296	0.058
株高增长率 Seedling height growth rate	0.451	0.424	0.532	0.522	0.555	0.626	-0.385	0.010	0.132	0.955	0.051	-0.131
可溶性糖质量分数 Soluble sugar content	-0.613	0.681	0.150	0.268	-0.542	0.685	-0.156	-0.382	0.012	0.834	0.174	0.057
可溶性蛋白质量分数 Soluble protein content	-0.558	0.644	0.047	0.117	-0.054	0.861	0.067	0.019	0.642	0.159	0.302	0.316
净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate	0.084	0.458	-0.656	0.498	-0.239	0.613	-0.280	0.396	0.712	0.302	-0.433	0.218
茎生物量 Stem biomass	0.660	-0.228	0.188	0.566	0.717	0.323	0.004	0.279	0.762	-0.574	0.124	0.085
根生物量 Root biomass	0.923	0.153	-0.232	-0.130	0.975	-0.036	0.120	-0.047	-0.105	-0.895	0.118	0.056
根冠比 Root shoot ratio	0.723	0.232	-0.416	-0.382	0.786	-0.297	0.369	-0.075	0.624	-0.203	-0.542	-0.047
地径增长率 Ground diameter growth rate	0.661	0.386	0.413	-0.167	0.861	0.423	-0.016	-0.018	0.633	-0.050	0.368	-0.517
胞间CO₂摩尔分数 Intercellular CO₂ concentration	-0.574	-0.153	0.699	-0.095	-0.001	0.388	0.837	0.228	0.278	0.829	-0.243	-0.199
超氧化物歧化酶活性 SOD activity	-0.538	0.585	0.187	0.101	0.069	0.482	-0.038	-0.654	-0.422	0.362	-0.735	0.280
过氧化物酶活性 POD activity	-0.508	0.601	-0.414	0.319	-0.816	0.108	-0.173	0.376	-0.167	0.885	0.224	-0.208
丙二醛质量摩尔浓度 MDA content	-0.688	0.118	-0.362	-0.491	-0.718	0.317	-0.075	-0.218	0.936	-0.258	0.040	0.070
特征值 Eigenvalue	7.253	3.156	2.237	2.046	7.188	3.860	1.593	1.292	6.262	5.046	2.021	1.084
贡献率 contribution values/%	42.663	18.567	13.158	12.037	42.285	22.708	9.370	7.602	36.838	29.682	11.891	6.377
累计贡献率 Accumulated contribution rate/%	42.663	61.230	74.388	86.425	42.285	64.992	74.362	81.964	36.838	66.520	78.411	84.787

Table 1

Table 2

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处理时间 Processing time	土壤石砾含量 Soil gravel content/%	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	综合得分 Comprehensive score	综合排名 Comprehensive ranking
第一生长季 First growing season	0	1.195	-1.936	-1.539	-1.236	-0.201	4
	20	0.542	-1.555	2.283	0.472	0.300	2
	40	2.965	2.368	0.358	-0.709	1.667	1
	60	-0.181	0.272	-1.367	2.190	0.057	3
	80	-4.522	-6.532	0.265	-0.718	-3.194	5
第二生长季 Second growing season	0	0.399	-3.087	-0.383	0.803	-0.507	4
	20	1.154	-0.592	1.511	-0.128	0.486	3
	40	3.541	1.412	-0.467	-0.906	1.705	1
	60	1.225	1.995	-0.602	1.225	1.008	2
	80	-4.174	0.271	-0.058	-0.995	-1.784	5
第三生长季 Third growing season	0	-2.228	-2.932	-1.070	-0.230	-1.833	4
	20	0.077	-1.019	0.253	0.862	-0.189	3
	40	3.007	-0.870	1.516	-0.603	0.991	2
	60	2.177	2.148	-1.593	0.505	1.282	1
	80	-3.033	2.673	0.894	-0.534	-0.251	5
连续3个生长季 Three consecutive growing seasons	0	-0.067	0.610	-1.541	-0.671	-0.340	4
	20	1.231	-1.199	0.191	-0.459	0.060	3
	40	0.152	0.113	-0.211	1.766	0.380	2
	60	0.234	1.254	1.185	-0.412	0.570	1
	80	-1.550	-0.778	0.376	-0.225	-0.670	5