Abstract: The present paper studied on the cytological, palynological, morphological, anatomical as well as the embryological characteristics of two taxons, Foeniculum vulgare Miller and F. vulgare subsp. copillaceum var. azoricum (Miller) Thellung, in Foeniculum Miller. The results indicated that the distinctions in palynology including the type, shape, size, aperture, as well as the characteristics of the exine of the pollen, in cytology the AS·K% etc., in morphology the basal stem and the sheathes of the basal leaves were visible. The differences in quantitative properties of anatomy and in the integuments of the two toxons also were detected. Moreover, as far as the above corresponding characteristics existing in palynology, cytology and embryology were concerned, F. vulgare Miller possessed more evolutional characteristics, compared with F. vulgare subsp. copillaceum var. azoricum (Miller) Thellung. These results supported the treatment of Miller (1768)which both F. vulgare Miller and F. vulgare subsp. copillaceum var. azoricum (Miller)Thellung as species rank under F. vulgare, and did not support the current treatment given by Hiroe (1979)which F. vulgare subsp. copillaceum var. azoricum (Miller)Thellung was a variety derived from F. vulgare Miller, and restored its name Foeniculum azoricum Miller.

Key words: Foeniculum Miller, F. vulgare subsp. copillaceum var. azoricum (Miller)Thellung, comparative research, taxonomic treatment