Abstract: The severe cold and dry climate is not beneficial to the growth of Pteridophyte in Heilongjiang of china. More than ninty kinds of wild Pteridophyte not only can finish the vegetative growth and reproductive growth, but also they can grow stongly and humberously. So this research has a particular sigaifilance of physiological ecology. It is first reported that there are about 22 familias, 38genera, 67species(embrace 3 subspecies) of the wild Pteridophyte's and fern's spore mature period in this article. This indicate most of those kinds are mature from the midst of July to the midst of August, but the aquatic Pteridophy te delay twenty days,especially it is diffirent in Sphenopsids and Xeric spore. We also analyze briefly the relationship between the ecological factors and the spore mature period in this article.

Key words: Heilongjiang province, pteridophyte, phenological period