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中文
Table of Content
15 June 2000, Volume 20 Issue 2
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NEW TEXA OF CHINESE
RUBUS L
.(ROSACEAE)
GU Yin, LI Wei-lin, WANG Chuan-yong, YU Hong, SHI Zhong-ming, PENG Long-jin
2000, 20(2): 121-124.
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Expeditions have been carried out on
Rubus
resources in 9 provinces in recent years and a field gene bank of
Rubus
germplasm has been built up in Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem.Sun Yat-Sen. From the field work of
Rubus
resources in Yunnan, 1 new species and 5 new varieties were reported. They are:
Rubus godongensis
Gu et Li, R. biflorus Buch. -Ham. ex Smith var.
spinocalycinus
Gu et Li,
R. glabricarpus
Cheng var.
eglandulosus
Gu et Li,
R. gongshanensis
Yü et Lu var.
eglandulosus
Gu et Li,
R. parvifolius
L. var. purpureus Gu et Li,
R. viburnifolius
Focke var.
apetalus
Gu et Li.
NEWTAXA OF
MAYTENUS
MOLINA IN CHINA
SHAO Hong
2000, 20(2): 125-128.
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A NEW PLANT SPECIES FROM VIETNAM
ZHU Hua
2000, 20(2): 129-130.
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ASPECTS ON FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE SEED PLANTS FROM DAXIGOU REGION OF UPPER URUMQI RIVER
LU Xue-feng, CHEN Gui-chen, PENG Min, LIU Guang-xiu, SHEN Yong-ping
2000, 20(2): 131-142.
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A comparative study on flora of the seed plants from the Daxigou region of the upper Urumqi River is carried out. There are about 406 species, 198 genera, 46 families of the seed plants in this region. About the constitutive of the families, the cosmopolitan distribution plays the most important role; about that of genera, the north temperate distribution is dominant; and about that of species, the temperate Asia distribution is the most. Analyzing the floristic elements o f the region, the Daxigou flora is a part of East Tianshan flora. It shows apparently the typical characteristics of Temperate Zone. It is a mountain flora and has vertical distribution. Most of the plants distribute in the middle of the mountain. Comparing the common genera and species of Daxigou flora with those in the adjacent regions, there is a close affinity between the Daxigou flora and Bei-Qilian shan flora. The flora of the region is very different from Xinjiang desert region, and there is a rather weak affinity between them. It seems likely to be a common flora origins among the three regions: Daxigou region, Bei-Qilianshan region and Neimongol grassland region.
ANALYSIS ON THE FLORA OF XYLOPHYTA IN ZHONGTIAO MOUNTAINS, SHANXI
SHANGGUAN Tie-liang, ZHANG Feng, FAN Long-suo
2000, 20(2): 143-155.
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Zhongtiao Mountains, located in the southern of Shanxi province, is situated between 34°38'-35°50' N latitude and 110°18'-112°37'E longitude. There is atypical warmtemperate semiwetness continental monsoon climate in the mountains. It is now known that there are 478 species of xylophyta in Zhongtiao Mountains, which are belonged to 164 genera and 73 families. Among them there are about 5 families, 10 genera, 18 species in Gymnospermeae; 2 families, 2 genera, 6 specie s in Monocotyledoneae and 66 families, 152 genera, 454 species in Dicotyledoneae. Analysis of the floristic elements based on families, genera and species shows they are very complex in Zhongtiao Mountains. Tropic-Subtropic-Temperate element isdominant in families, Temperate floristic elements make significant dominant ingenera, in which percents of North Temperate distribution is the highest, the speciesnumber of Chinese Endemic distribution elements is most in species, secondly E. Asiaand Temperate Asia distribution elements, it is indicated that the flora has some typical characteristics of warm-temperate deciduous broadleave forest. It is obvious permeation, intersection and transition of the flora. Furthermore Zhongtiao Mount ainsisricher area growing the rare and endangered xylophyta in the North China, It is now know that there are 15 species xylophyta of state-class conservation in Zhongtia o Mountains.
STUDIES ON MICRONUCLEI AND ABNORMOL DIVISION OF HORDEUM VULGARE BREEDED IN NACL SOLUTION
YI Hui-lan, HAN Shu-ju
2000, 20(2): 156-161.
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Incubated in NaCl solution with different concentration [c(NaCl)=0, 0. 05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25mol/L],
Hordeum vulgare
seedlings mitosis decreased but micronuclei frequency increased, what is more, Abnormal division including chromosome fragmentation, anaphase bridges and unequal split was found in the root tip cells. The effect of NaCl depended on the concentration and duration time of NaCl breeding. The higher the concentration is, the stronger the effect is. The longer the treated time is, the more the effect is.
A NEW DISCOVERY IN
BUPLEURUM SCORZONERIFOLIUM
INVESTIGATION
JIANG Chuan-ming, XU Na, LI Bin
2000, 20(2): 162-167.
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A new Taxon of
Bupleurum
is discovered at Heilongjiang Province based on the wild investigation and morphological, anatomical, cytological and plant chemical studies. They grow with
Bupleurum scorzonerifolium
Willd, in the meadow steppe, bushwood and mongolica oak forest communities. But they are different from
B. scorzonerifolium
, such as the roots are black, no fibers at root crowns and the leaves more or less broad; there are some wood fiber groups in the root and no palisade parenchyma under lower epidermis of the leaf; the chromosome number is 2n=26 or 20 and showing bimodality; there are more saponins and less volatile oil. They are similar to the traditional Chinese medicinal drug
B. chinense
and have broad distribution and large amount. So they are a kind new of plant resource of
Bupleurum
in Heilongjiang Province. Their taxonomic name will be determined after more studies.
A STUDY ON THE POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF 4 GENERA OF FAMILY ERICACEAE IN NORTHEAST OF CHINA
MAO Zi-jun, YANG Yong-fu, HOU Li-jun
2000, 20(2): 168-172.
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Pollen morphology of 6 species, 1 variety and 1 form of 4 genera (
Chamaedaphne
Moench.,
Ledum Linn
.,
Phyllodoce Salisb
.,
Vaccinium Linn
.) of family Ericaceae, distributing in northeast of China, was examined in the light microsc op e(LM) and with the scanning electron microscope(SEM). All of the pollen grains o f the 4 genera are characterized in tetrahedral tetrad. Pollen grains of the 4 genera are spheroidal or subspheroidal with 3-colporates, which shaped as half-c olpi due to two neighborly grains of tetrahedral tetrad link together. Exine is composed with two layers in LM. The ornamentation of the exine is reticulate or granulate. The mean size of the pollen grains ranges from 34.0 to 43.7
μ
m. Pollen grains are diverse in size and in ornamentation of the exine. These can be taken as the characters for identification of species.
THE DIFFERENCE OF SALIDROSIDE CONTENT IN THE ROOT OF
RHODIOLA SACHALINENSIS
AT DIFFERENT HABITAT IN DAHAILIN REGION
YAN Xiu-feng, WANG Yang, YANG Yi, ZHOU Fu-jun, SHANG Xin-hai
2000, 20(2): 173-179.
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The content of salidroside in the root of
Rhodiola sachalinensis
in 6 plots which were selected in
Betula ermanii
forest, alm and tundra in the m ou ntains (altitude 1400~1620m) in Dahailin region, Heilongjiang province were determined. The content of salidroside is from 0.101% to 0.684%, which is different at various habitats. The result shows that the content of salidroside in the root is higher when
Rh. sachalinensis
grew under the good conditions of sunlight and soil.
THE EFFECT OF ROOT SYSTEM TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHE TIC CHARATERISTICS IN
AMARANTHUS TRICOLOR
FENG Yu-long, JIANG Shu-mei, SHAO Xia
2000, 20(2): 180-185.
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The effect of root temperature on growth, photosynthetic and other physiological characteristics of
A. tricolor
seedlings were studied in phytotron. The result showed that growth curve of
A. tricolor
seedling presented "S" shape, 30-day-old seedling grew fastest. Dry and fresh weight per a seedling was 0.45g and 6.79g respectively. The harmfulness of superoptimum root temperature to growth was bigger than that of suboptimum root temperature, 40℃ root temperature harmed growth and metabolism of root system of
A. tricolor
seriously. The variation of net photosynthetic rate (
P
n
), transpirat ion rate(
T
r
), stomatal conductance(
C
s
), and intercellular CO
2
partial pressure (
P
i
) with root temperature was similar in
A. tricolor
.
C
s
,
P
i
,
P
n
and
T
r
were higher at 20~25℃ root temperature. Suboptimum or superoptimum root temperature affected
C
s
, and caused decreasement of
T
r
and
P
i
, then affected
P
n
. Regressive analysis showed that
P
n
correlated with
C
s
and
P
i
positively,
T
r
and
P
i
correlated with
C
s
positively too. The main cause of the decreasement of
P
n
at suboptimum and superoptimum root temperature was the decreasement of
C
s
.
THE EFFECT OF HYPEROSMOTIC SHOCK ON TRANSMEMBRANE K
+
OF
DUNALIELLA SALINA
DU Yan-ru, DONG Li-guo, YANG Min-jie
2000, 20(2): 186-188.
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The Km of K
+
uptake of
Dunaliella salina
cells was 2.86mmol/L, which Vmax was 1.39
μ
mol/108 cells h. Hyperosmotic shock stimulated the H
+
extrusion of the cells, decreased the rate of K
+
uptake and had a little inhibitory effect on K
+
extrusion. The effect of hyperosmotic-shock in hibit K
+
uptake by which was decreased by CCCP and Li
+
.
THE CONTENT ANALYSES OF CRUDE PROTEIN, AMINO ACID IN RICE SEEDS INDUCED BY EXOGENOUS DNA FROM SOYBEAN
LI Jian-yue, ZHOU Gen-yu, XU Yan, HU Jun-min
2000, 20(2): 189-194.
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DNA was extracted and purified from soybean seeds. The exogenous DNA from soybean was introduced into rice seeds by soaking seeds, moreover irrigating seedlings, and through the pollen-tube pathway after self-pollination. The contents of crude protein and amino acid in the offspring's seeds were analyzed. The results indicated: (1).The average contents of crude protein in three groups of the offspring's seeds induced by exogenous DNA from soybean were 16.42%、16.80% and 19.87%(Table 1), increasing distinctly over their contrasts.(2). All of the contents of amino acid (except try) in some offspring's seeds induced by exogenous DNA from soybean were 17.20%、16.86% and 16.09%(Table 2), greatly increasing over the contrasts. The lysine contents in the three offspring's seeds were respectively 0.60%、0.60% and 0.57% (Table 2).
MICRODISSECTION AND AMPLIFICATION IN VITRO OF CHROMOSOME 1R IN RYE (
Secale cereale
L.) AND DETERMINATION OF THE AMPLIFIED PRODUCTS
WEI Ji-cheng, SHI Rui, GUO Chang-hong, GUO Dong-lin, MA Xu-jun, WANG Tong-chang
2000, 20(2): 195-200.
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The chromosome 1R of rye was microdissected and isolated under reverse-microscope with a manipulator from the cells of root tip at mitotic metaphase. Single chromosome 1R was then transferred into 0.5 ml centrifuge tube. After the treatment with Protease K, the DNA of chromosome 1R was digested with restriction enzyme Sau3A, then the Sau3A linker-adaptor was ligated to the ends of the DNA fragments, which was subsequently amplified by means of linker-adapter polym erase chain reaction (LA-PCR) with one of chains of the linker-adapter as primer. By dot blotting with biotinlatyled rDNA of wheat and genome DNA of rye as probes, it was confirmed that the amplified products by LA-PCR are derived from the DNA of chromosome 1R in rye. This work would facilitated to construct the sub-genomic DNA library of chromosome 1R and to screen the specific probes of chromosome 1R in rye.
RAPD ANALYSIS ON GENETIC VARIATION OF
PINUS KORAIENSIS
IN LIANG SHUI NATIONAL NATURAL RESERVE
ZHANG Heng-qing, AN Li-jia, ZU Yuan-gang
2000, 20(2): 201-206.
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The genetic variation and the regulation of genetic diversity distribution of
Pinus koraiensis
were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. 72 individuals come from 8 plots in Liang Shui natural reserve were amplified by PCR reaction. A total of 96 loci were obtained from 1 6 random primers, among which 55 loci were polymorphic. In species level, the percentage of polymorphic loci is P=58.51%, Nei's gene diversity is H=0.2868 and Shannon's information index is I=0.3654. The degree of genetic differentiation among 8 plots Gst=0.0753. According to the characterized of every plot, relation ship between the level of genetic variation and character of population habitat were discussed.
STUDY ON SEXUAL HYBRIDIZATION OF
SYRINGA
LIU Wei, GU Shu-fen, LU Xian-zhou, LIU yu-ming
2000, 20(2): 207-211.
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Interspecific hybridization among
Syringa
had been studied from 1988 t o 1989 in the 3th nursery, Harbin. The result showed: (1) There was big affinity difference among the different crossing groups. 18 crossing groups were researched, 5 of them got normal F1 hybrids seeds, but their fruit setting percentage was different. After reciprocal crosses of
S. alba
and
S. vulgaris
, t he fruit setting percentage of F1 hybrids all surpassed 86 per cent and displaying highe r affinity, however in
S. vulgaris
var. plena (female parent) and
S. alba
(male parent), the fruit setting percentage of F1 hybrids only reached 8 per cent, affinity dropped obviously. (2) The interspecific crossing in
Syringa
can succeed, with F1 hybrids growth well, flower colour variability abundant and inheritance on petal stronger. Some new cultivars according with the breeding goal had been found.
EFFECT OF SPACIAL MUTAGENESIS ON DWARF CHARACTER IN CHRYSA NTHEMUM (
DENDRANTHEMA GRANDIFLORUM
)
HONG Bo, HE Miao, DING Bing, ZHANG Xiao-fang
2000, 20(2): 212-214.
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No significant statistic differences in plant height of SP
1
of fspring were observed between four cultivars of Chrysanthemum carried by satellite (A, C, E, H) and the control except for H variant. Dwarf variation after spacial mutag enesis was mainly expressed in superdwarf phenomena as high as 10cm appeased in SP
2
offspring and SP
3
offspring.
STUDY OF
FRAXINUS MANDSHURICA
ASEXUAL REGENERATION IN THE HILLS AREA OF SANJIANG PLAIN
LI JING-wen, LIU Shi-ying, WANG Qing-hai, WANG Fei, WANG Wen-jie
2000, 20(2): 215-220.
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Stump sprout play an important role in the restoration of second ary for est. In the study, ma1inly discussed the relation between the height and diameter of stump and the number (including the total, dead and living) and height of stump sprout as well as the dynamic of stump sprout regeneration. Discovered the number of stump sprout present multinomial pattern as increase of the stump diameter and do logarithmic pattern as the increase of stump height, moreover, discovered the stump sprout can develop to be big tree in stead of the trunk fallen by investigation and analysis of stump sprout dynamic.
THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE GENUS
RUBUS
L. IN QINLING BASHAN MOUNTAIN REGION
LI Wei-lin, HE Shan-an, CHAO Wu-ji
2000, 20(2): 221-228.
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Qinling-Bashan Mountain Regoin, with 40 species and 15 varieties belonging to 3 sections and 15 subsections of the genus
Rubus
Linn, is one of the current distribution centers, and also plays an important role in evolution of genus
Rubus
in China. Study on morphological characters of pollen grains of some species shows that palynological evidence are important for systematic classification of
Rubus
.
THE FRACTAL CHARACTER OF THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF
DEYEUXIA ANGUSTIFOLIA
POPULATION I. Box Dimension.
NI Hong-wei, MA Ke-ming, Zhao Fu-chen
2000, 20(2): 229-234.
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The distribution pattern of D. Angustifolia in the Sanjiang plain has been described by using the box dimension and information dimension of fractal theory. The result reveals that:There was fractal feature. The box dimension respectively was 1.524、1.769、1.711、1.615 and 1.701 from May to September. Powerfully occupy space has been shown. Seasonal dynamic of box dimensions reached their maximum values beginning May to June then fell down. They were gone up again in September. This was accordance with the growth rhythm of D. Angustifolia population.
FRACTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF
LARIX GMELINI
MA Ke-ming, ZU Yuan-gang
2000, 20(2): 235-241.
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The branching pattern of
Larix gmelini
was Described in this paper using Fractal Geometry, the results showed that, 1) The branching pattern of
Larix gmelini
is a kind of fractal structure, satisfying selfsimilarity law. 2) The fractal dimensions of
Larix gmelini
branching pattern were between 1.4~1.7, disclosed the complexity of the branching structure and the ability of ecological space occupati on and utilization. Fractal dimension is a useful parameter to the study of light utilization and growing process of tree species.
