Bulletin of Botanical Research

Ching Ren-chang, Zhang Chao-fang

1983, 3(3): 1-55.

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The present paper contains descriptions both in Latin and Chinese for 31 species described as new to science. They are all collected in recent years in the costal Province Zhejiang, China. In the collections made since 1979 by the Department of Bilogy, Hangzhou University and the Botanical Institute, Academia Sinica, there are no less than three hundred species of ferns and allied plants, indicating for the first time, the province is very rich in Pteridophytes. One outstanding feature is that the province is the centre of development for Dryopte-ris sect. Bulligerae, as shown by the great number species des-cribed in the present paper. Another noteworthy feature is that the province also abounds in the Thelypterold ferns, indi-cative of the subtropical climate conditions of the province especially in its south-eastern part. Phytogeographically, theprovince has a close relationship with Japan, for many species previously known only in Japan are now also collected in Zhe-jiang Province especially along the costal areas.

NOTULAE DE PELLIONIA ELATOSTEMATEQUE(URTICACEAE)

Wang Wen-tsai

1983, 3(3): 56-66.

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NEW PLANTS FROM HUBEI, CHINA

Li Hsi-wen

1983, 3(3): 67-74.

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A NUMERICAL TAXONOMY OF CHINESE RHODODENDRON SUSSECTION LAPPONICA

Yang Han-pi, Xu Ke-xue

1983, 3(3): 75-86.

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The present paper is concerned with numerical classifica-tion of Rhododendron Subsect. Lapponica. An original data ma-trix with 45 OTU's 46 characters were recorded. After stan-dardization of charaters, computed the correlation and distan-ce matrices, which are the quantitative representation of the similarity between every pair OTU's and then, carry out the cluster calculation. There are various cluster methods, name ly, single linkage, complete linkage, UPGMA, WPGMA, cen-troid, median, and so on. By means of the synthetic compara-tive coefficients (in Table 3) for the criteria of classification, The WPGMA based on correlation matrix is adapted as a re-sult of this computation. The dendrogram of WPGMA is pre-sented in Figure. I. The results displayed by dendrogram serve to reveal the rule of group classification and evolution, i. e. the Rho-dodendron Subsect. Lapponica can be divided into two groups:Grex Lapponica and Grex Rigida H. P. Yang, Grex nov. 1. On affinity relationship, the characteristics of the scales on lower surface of the leaf has always been attached great importance by many experts. In our dendrogram it is also shown that the colours and density of the scales on lower surface of leaf would be characteristic of affinities among species. 2. Evolutionally, the general tendency of variation in the genus Rhododendron is also evident in this subsection as for example, the calyx lobes are from large to obsolete; stig-ma from long to short; the colour of the scales from pale to darker and the pale coloured scales tend to be widely spaces, and to from irregularly bicoloured ones down to clearly bico-loured ones. 3. Geographically, the Rbododendron Subsect. Lapponica is very rich in species in west Sichuan and north-west Yunnan, accounting for 75.5% of whole subsection, besides almost all of the primitive types are included. The percentage of the endemic species in high up to 64.4%, including most of the primitive and advanced types. Therefore this region is not only the original centre of this subsection, but also the centre of differentiation and development. Ⅱ. The result of numerical classification indicated on the dendrogram is generelly in concord with that of the classical taxonomy.

CYTOLOGICAL & EMBRYOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON AMITOSIS & INTER-CELLULAR MIGRATIONS OF NUCLEAR SUBSTANCES IN ALLIUM FISTULOSUM L.

Wang Dzung-tshing, Rui Kai-zhi, Huang Yi-jiang

1983, 3(3): 87-110.

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Present paper includes all discussions of the previous pa-per (Wang, D. T. 1960)^[1] with final conclusions as follows:1. The intercellular migrations of nuclear substances gene-rally pass through the passages of plasmodesmata, but the cell wall may be broken and the nuclear substances pass thro-ugh the hole, or the cell wall may dissolve, or disintegrate and the nuclear substances pass freely to neighbouring cells.Thus the passages of plasmodesmata are not necessarily the only passages of intercellular migrations of nuclear substan-ces. 2. The frequency of nuclear migrations of ripen pollen grains is very high while that of pollen tubes is very signifi-cautly low. Thus the absorbing of water and respiration are not the pre-requirements of the intercellular migrations of nuclear substances. The circulation of cytoplasm is very sensitive to tempera-ture, while that of nuclear substances including nuclear lymph and chromatic substance is not sensitive to temperature. The circulation of cytoplasm has definite directions, while that of nuclear subsances has not definite directions. Cytoplasmic cir-culations are limited within the organism. while nuclear subs-tances may migrate out of the organism. Thus the cytoplasmic circulations or the streaming of nuclear lymph as the mecha-nism of intercellular migrations of nuclear substances can not be established. 3. The nuclear substances of epidermis & guard cells may migrate out of stomata; those of pollen mother cells may mig-rate to tapetum, those of ripen pollen grains may migrate out, thus leaving empty cell walls degenerated; those of me-gaspores & embryo sacs may migrate to nucellus; those of pol-lar nuelei and egg apparatus may migrate to embrye cavity, those of embryo cells may migrate to endosperm or embryo sac cavity. During meiosis of micro or megaspore mother cells the migrations of nuclear substances are not limited at the stage of synizesis, but occur at any stage of meiosis. The noti no-tion of intercellular migratons of protoplasm as a means of absolute translocation of matter in vascular plants is certainy unreliable. 4. The chromosome number is not constant both in somatic and sexual cells, sporogenesis and gametogenesis are not normal and zygotes degenerate early owing to unbalanced nuclear ty-pes of eggs and spermatids. Phenomena observed are not con-tradictory to "Morgan Chromosome" Theory. 5. Zygotes degenerate early and can not develope to emb-ryes. Sexual reproduction is substituted. by vegetative repro-duction through the development of synergid or adventitious embryos Intercellar migrations of nuclear substances have no definite directions or patterns, and the change of cnromoso-me number can not be calculated. Cytomixis can arouse muta-tion or not, needs further study. 6. Differences to stain reaction, affinity to acid and basic dyes of both chromatic substances and nucleoli of the same nucleus are observed. They can not explain the differences between old and new nuclei. The great majority of pollen grains degenerate, the great majority of megaspores and embryo sacs develope abnormlly, fertilization may be abnormal, zygotes degenerate early and sexual reproduction loses its function. The notions of the "Su-periority of Amitosis" and "Nuclear Renovation" can hardly be accepted. 7. Amitosis and interecellular migrations of nuclear subs-tances may be observed by different kinds of methods inclu-ding vital observations in different tissues of different plants.Phenomena observed are real facts and of general occurrences, but they cause the appearence of a series of abnormal and de-generating phenomena. Real facts and general occurence are not necessarily normal phenomena. 8. Amitosis and inter-cellular migrations of nuclear subs-tances are abnormal phenomena resulting degeneration and not morpho-genetic movement. The frequency of intercellular mig-rations of nuclear substances are similar to that of other ab-normal phenomena during meiosis as a measurement of dege-neration. Our study proves the "Morgan Chromosome Theory" in genetics and has practical use as guiding line to agriculurai genetices for the improvement of species.

TWO NEW SPECIES OF SMILAX FROM YUNNAN

Chen Sing-chi

1983, 3(3): 111-115.

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INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH OF THE WILD SOYBEAN IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

Wang Lian-zheng, Wu He-li, Yao Zhen-chun, Lin Hong

1983, 3(3): 116-130.

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This paper gave an investigation on the rescources of wild soybean in prov. Heilongjiang, China; and through long pe-riod observation, the different forms of wild soybean had dif-ferent resistance to diseases and pests. By chemical analysis on the protein, fat, fatty and the cornponents of Amino-acid of different forms of wild soy-bean, some results were recorded in this paper. According the shape of leaves, one variety and five formsof Glycine soja were described:G. soja var. gyacilis (Skv.) L.Z. Wang, G. soja var. gracilis f. maximowiczi (Enk.) L. Z.Wang, G. soja f. lanceolatai (SKv.) P. Y. Fu et Y. A. Chen, G. soja f. brevifolia (Kom. et Alis.) L. Z. Wang, G. soja f.ovata (Skv.) L. Z. Wang and G. soja f. linearifolia L. Z.Wang.

MAIN TYPES OF QUERCUS PHILLYRAOEIDES FOREST IN LIMESTONE HILLS OF YANGSHUO DISTRICT.GUANGXI AND ITS WAY OF RATIONAL UTILIZATION

Hu Shun-shi, Wang Huen-pu

1983, 3(3): 131-147.

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Main types of Quercus phillyracoides forest growing on lime-stone hills of Yangshuo district, Guangxi are described in this paper. There are two frequent community types:(1) pure fo-rest of Quercus phillyraeoides, (2) mixed forest of Quercus phil-lyraeoides and Canthium dicoccum. As compared with other sclerophyllus evergreen broadleaf forests of the world, Quercus phillyraeoides forest here is sligh-tly similar to them in the physiognomy and structure of com-munity. There is a great difference between them in the flo-ristic composition, but having resemblance to the Quercus Phil-lyraeoides stands along the coastal hills of the Pacific-facing coasts in Japan. Because both Eastern China and Japan are belonging to the same floristic region. The formation and de-velopment of Quercus phillyraeoides forests have many similari-ties between the two places. Quercus phillyraecides forest distributing in Yangshuo dis-trict is one of the surviving ancient community, therefore we must protect it intensively. The charcoal produced from the timber of this tree is of very high quality and used domesti-cally as fuel. So it may be used as afforested species of fire-wood in limestone hills of northeastern part of Guangxi.

A NEW SPECIES OF SCHISANDRACEAE FROM CHINA

Law Yuh-wu

1983, 3(3): 148-150.

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A NEW SPECIES OF BAMBOO FROM ISLAND HAINAN, CHINA

Yi Tong-pei

1983, 3(3): 151-154.

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