Welcome to Bulletin of Botanical Research! Today is Share:

Archive By Volume

    Bulletin of Botanical Research 1993 Vol.13
    Please wait a minute...
    For Selected: Toggle Thumbnails
    AN ENUMERATION OF THE BORAGINACEOUS PLANTS COLLECTED BY H. SMITH FROM CHINA DURING 1921-22, 1924 AND 1934
    Wang Wen-tsai
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 1-10.  
    Abstract407)      PDF(pc) (612KB)(293)       Save
    36 species and 4 varieties belonging to 15 genera of the family Bora-ginaceae are identified from the plant collections made by the late Dr. H.Smith from China during the twenties and thirties of this century. Onespecies of the genus Trigonotis is described as new. However, as a matterof fact, in these collections should be included more new species of thefamily Boraginaceae, i. e. Microula rockii Johnst., Onosma mertensioidesJohnst., O. adenopus Johnst., and Trigonolis floribunda Johnst. described byI.M. Johnston in 1928 and afterwards, Lappula shanhsiensis Kitag. describedby M. Kitagawa in the sixties, and Microula pseudotrichocarpa W. T. Wang, M. turbinata W. T. Wang, M. floribunda W. T. Wang, Trigonotis longipesW. T. Wang, and T. corispermoides C. J. Wang described by me and byWang Ching-jui respectively in the eighties. Because no timely identi-fication has been given to the boraginaceous specimens of H. Smith'scollections, the publication of these ten species was more or less greatlydelayed and was based on specimens collected by other collectors, otherthan by H. Smith.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF IMPATIENS (BALSAMINACEAE)FROM ZHEJIANG
    Chen Yi-ling, Xu Yao-liang
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 11-13.  
    Abstract485)      PDF(pc) (165KB)(352)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A STUDY OF THE SYSTEM AND NEW TAXA OF GENUS GLYCYRRHIZA L.
    Li Xue-yu
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 14-43.  
    Abstract528)      PDF(pc) (2221KB)(380)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    CHENGIOPANAX-A NEW GENUS OF ARALIACEAE
    Shang Chih-bei, Huang Jing-Yi
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 44-49.  
    Abstract687)      PDF(pc) (418KB)(350)       Save
    While investigating the species of Eleutherococcus Maxim. in theworld, the authors find that the Section Sciadophylloides Harms gets onbad with the others in the genus, and that it can not be placed in therelated genera, Schefflera J. R. & Forest., Kalopanax. Miq. and Eleuthe-rococcus Maxim. Therefore, the new genus Changiopanax Shang et J. Y. Huang is described and the names of the species contained in the new genusare combined as Chengiopanax fargesii and Chengiopanax sciadopylloides in thispaper.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW TAXA OF ARTEMISIA FROM NORTH EAST OF CHINA
    Zhang Gui-yi, Liu Xiang-jun, Wang Ling-shi
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 50-53.  
    Abstract550)      PDF(pc) (266KB)(297)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF LILIUM FROM EMEISHAN
    Zhu zheng-yin
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 54-56.  
    Abstract570)      PDF(pc) (194KB)(273)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    NEW SPECIES FROM SHANDONG
    Li Xing-wen, Zhu Ying-qun
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 57-61.  
    Abstract549)      PDF(pc) (358KB)(228)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF PEDICULARIS FROM GANSU
    Ma Zhi-gang Ma Zhirzhong
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 62-64.  
    Abstract486)      PDF(pc) (203KB)(234)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF EUPHORBIA L.FROM HEBEI, CHINA
    Feng Tian-jie, Huang Jin-xiang
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 65-67.  
    Abstract488)      PDF(pc) (185KB)(443)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF BETULA L. FROM GANSU
    Zhang Yao-jia
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 68-70.  
    Abstract483)      PDF(pc) (185KB)(227)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF CAREX FROM SHANDONG
    Li Fa-zeng, Fan Shou-jin
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 71-72.  
    Abstract406)      PDF(pc) (137KB)(259)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    TWO NEW COMBINATIONS OF BAMBUSOIDEAE
    Xie Quan-zhong, Chen Xiao-ya
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 73-75.  
    Abstract503)      PDF(pc) (183KB)(227)       Save
    The genus Indosasa McClure is quite similar to the genus Acidosasa C.D. Chu et C. S. Chao. In their vegetaive morphology both are creepingbamboos with monopodial rhizomes and three branches at each culmnode.Particularly, the structure of florets is also similar with each other with6 stamens, 3 stigmas. Even the spikelets of two genera are superficialtyalike. But the inflorescence types of the two genera are different. That of Indosasa is iterauctant with pseudospikelets where as semelauctant withtrue spikelets in Acidosasa careful examinations of so called Indosasa lingchuanensis C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao and I. gegantea (Wen) Wen, werevealed that the two species have semelauctant inflorecence which is araceme composed of a small number of pedicellate spikelets. Therefore, those species should be transfered to Acidosasa as A. lingchuanensis (C. D.Chu et C. S. Cao) Q. Z. Xie et X. Y. Chen and A. gegantea (Wen) Q.Z. Xie et W. Y. Zhang.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    NEW TAXA OF POGONATHERUM AND DIMERIA FROM CHINA
    Chen Shou-liang, Sheng Guo-ying
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 76-79.  
    Abstract538)      PDF(pc) (247KB)(248)       Save
    This paper deals with 3 new taxa of genera Pogonatherum Beauv. and Dimeria R. Br. in Chinese Gramineae, i. e. Pogonatherum biaristatum S. L.Chen et G. Y. Sheng, Dimeria heterantha S. L. Chen et G. Y. Sheng and D. guangxiensis S. L. Chen et G. Y. Sheng.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    THE DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERS OF BAMBOOS IN XISHUANGBANNA, YUNNAN, CHINA
    Wang Kang-lin, Hsueh Chi-ju
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 80-92.  
    Abstract868)      PDF(pc) (1015KB)(408)       Save
    The bamboos of Xishuangbanna are investegated and studied based onthe principle and methods of Ethnobotany. Bamboos distribute over Southeast Asia and southern China. Because ofthe advantageous nature condition, special culture of minority nationalitiesand religious belief, Dai nationality and other minority nationalities whoreside in Xishuangbanna have developed tranditional custom and experienceof understanding, growing and using bamboos. There is quite great area ofnatural as well as artificial bamboo forest. A great amount of work such as the revision of literatures on bamboosand field work including investigation and specimen-gathering have beenachieved. Each genus of bamboos found in Xishuangbanna is studied respe-ctively in the present paper. The authors analyses and discusses the floisticrelation of bamboos between Xishuangbanna and the related regions accordingto the methodlogy of floristics. In the author's opinion. the floristic rela-tion between Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asia is regarded as the closestone. There is relative close relation between Xishuangbanna and the southe-astern and western Yunnan. The relation between Xishuangbanna and central Yunnan and Eastern China is less. And there is obvious difference betweenXishuangbanha and Southern China floristically.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    THE PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE PTERIDOPHYTE FLORA AND DISTRIBUTIVE FEATURES OF SHANXI
    Xie Shu-lian, Ling Yuan-jie, Li Shao-qing
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (1): 93-99.  
    Abstract483)      PDF(pc) (501KB)(290)       Save
    The pteridophyte flora of Shanxi is preliminary studied in this paper.We have gained some general conclusion in the following 4th points:1.Itis obvious temperate characters. 2. Th Province is a part of thecentre of East-Asian elements. 3. Species are rare in general families andgenus. 4. Endemic phenomena are not obvious. In this paper, the pteridophyte flora of Shanxi is compared withsome other areas and the result shows that this flora is most similar tothat of Beijing and Hebei on affinity. Besides above-mentioned content, the distributive features, ecologicalforms and pteridophyte resources are summed up in this paper.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    NEW TAXA OF Arthraxon BEAUV. (GRAMINEAE)
    Chen Shou-liang, Jin Yu-xing
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 101-109.  
    Abstract548)      PDF(pc) (513KB)(282)       Save
    This paper deals with 10 new taxa of genera Arthraxon Beauv. in China, i. e. Sect. MicroArthraxon S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, Sect. TriandroArthraxonS. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, Sect. Monostrichi S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, Sect. Tristrichi S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, Arthraxon multinervus S. L. Chen et Y.X. Jin, A. maopingensis S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, A. guizhouensis S. L. Chenet Y. X. Jin, A. xinanensis S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, A. xinanensis var. laxiflorus S. L. Chen et Y. X. Jin, A. lanceolatus var. glabrous S. L. Chen etY. X. Jin.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A REVISION OF THE MOLLUGO FROM CHINA
    Lu De-quan
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 110-112.  
    Abstract503)      PDF(pc) (207KB)(217)       Save
    This paper revises the chinese Mollugo, there are 4 species in China. Mollugo pentaphylla L. and M. stricta L. are two different species, M. stricta L. is distributed in China, non M. pentaphylla L. The M. costata Y. T.Chang et C. F. Wei is a synonym of the M. verticillata L.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    FLAGELLATAE FROM HARBIN, CHINA
    Zhang Yue Yang, Guo-ting, Mu Li-qiang
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 113-117.  
    Abstract373)      PDF(pc) (303KB)(223)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF Acanthopanax senticusus
    Gu Shu-fen, Li Chang-hai, Men Yu-cen
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 118-119.  
    Abstract352)      PDF(pc) (117KB)(254)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF SIDA FROM SICHUAN
    Liu Jian-lin
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 120-120.  
    Abstract518)      PDF(pc) (141KB)(226)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF ANEMONE
    Xu Yao-liang
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 121-121.  
    Abstract556)      PDF(pc) (77KB)(270)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF HEMEROCALLIS FROM JILIN, CHINA
    Xiong Zhi-ting
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 122-123.  
    Abstract453)      PDF(pc) (110KB)(250)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF CHARACIUM FROM ANHUI, CHINA
    Wang Shu-song
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 124-124.  
    Abstract768)      PDF(pc) (67KB)(249)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SUBSPECIES AND A NEW FORM OF Artemisia oxycephala IN CHINA
    Zhang Gui-yi, Wang Ling-shi, Ma Han-xi
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 125-126.  
    Abstract439)      PDF(pc) (142KB)(287)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW RECORD SPECIES OF SEPTORIA IN CHINA
    He Bing-zhang, Song Rui-qing, Cheng Dong-sheng, Shan Feng
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 127-128.  
    Abstract742)      PDF(pc) (116KB)(318)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    SOME NEW RECORDS OF PHACUS FROM CHINA
    Wang Quan-xi, He Qun, Bao Wen-mei
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 129-131.  
    Abstract621)      PDF(pc) (199KB)(261)       Save
    In present paper, 3 species and 2 varities of Phacus from Harbin arereported as new records of China. They are Phacus balotonicus Hortob. var. boglayiensis Hortob., Ph. elegans Pochm., Ph. glaber (Defl.) Pochm., Ph.suecicus Lemm. var. invermis Nyg., and Ph. warszewiczii Drez.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    ANATOMY OF THE PRIMARY VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE SEEDLING OF Aquilegia oxysepala Trautv. ET MEY
    Wang Li-jun, Zhang You-min, Gu An-gen, Sheng Guo-zhi
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 132-135.  
    Abstract344)      PDF(pc) (1222KB)(257)       Save
    Aquilegia oxysepala belongs to Ranunculaceae. Studies on the primaryvascular system of the seedling showed that A. oxysepala was the same as. other genera of the Ranunculaceae in that there were two transition regi-ons with the cotyledon node zone (CNZ) being the centre. The primaryvascular system of the seedling could be divided into the three parts:epi-cotyl shoot zone, cotyledon node zone and hypocotyl root zone. The resultsfurther verified that the cotyledon node zone proposed by Gu An-gen (1990)did exist, and also provided a new materal for the studies on the originand evolution of Ranunculaoeae.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    STUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND DIFFERENTIATiOM OF WILLOWS (SALIX) IN QINLING MOUNTAIN
    Zhang Ming-li
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 136-145.  
    Abstract351)      PDF(pc) (677KB)(261)       Save
    Qinling Mountain is the natural geographic dividing line between South and North China. Taibai Mountaia about altitute of 3 767 m above sea level is the highest in this region and eastward to Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau. There are 41 species in this region, belonging to 14 sections and 3 subgenera. This paper deals with the morphological variation and evolution of the said genus by means of parsimony analysis, the presentation of the floristic feature and geographic differentiation is by means of cluster analysis. The results are as following: 1, The cladogram indicates that the directions of morphological evolution are from multistaminal willows, two'-staminal willows to one-starn inal willows, from, Subgen Salix, Subgen. Vetrix to Subgen. Helix, and from the groups in the southern slope to that of the northern slope of Qinling Mountain. The groups of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau elements have obvious variation in this region. 2. This region is influenced striking by the floristic elements of adj-iacent regions including North China Temperate, Central China Subtropic and Southwest China Subtropic elements. The transition could be seen in some groups. Sect。 Wilsonianae with mlultistam'ens endemic to China, is extending from the southern China northwards to the southern slope of this region, such as S. wilsonii, S. rosthomii and S. paraplesia. Sect. Pentandrar, Sect. Vetrix, Sect. Vimen and Sect. Haoanae are dispersing northward from' Qinling Mountain or its northern slope, such as S. chaenomeldoides, S. matsudana, S. sinica, S. characta, S. viminalis and S. sinopurpurea, 3. There are more than 22 species (4 endemic species) of Salix in Teai-bai Mountain, It is the richest region in Qinling Mountains The flo!ristic elements are mainly belonging to North Temperate and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau elements. Species distributed above 3 000m are chief the alpine elements of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and endemic distributions. Form Salix cupular is is peculiar in the alpine m,eadow zone above 3500m. 4. The phenogram for area of species shows that there are three centers of the species differentiation, namely, Ningsban-Shiquan conunties (42、51 in Fig. 1) representing Central China elements, Wenxian-Wudu counties (48、34) representing Southwest China elements and Taibai Mountain (26) representing North China and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau elements The ancient roads from the southern to the northern slope may be the、pathways of dispersal and migration of the species, the Hanshui River and Jialing River is reponding respectively to the elements of Central China and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    THE ENERGY METABOLISM IN THE PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESPIRATION AND TRANSPIRATION OF THE SOYBEAN (Glycing soja) SEEDLING STAGE
    Zhou Xing-hao, Ma Rui-ping
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 146-150.  
    Abstract526)      PDF(pc) (288KB)(225)       Save
    This paper studies on the energy metabolism in the process of photo-synthesis, respiration and transpiration of the soybean ( Glycing soja) seedling stage. The results show that the energy input is 990 kcal·m -2. h -1, the energy absorbing is 40.42 kcal·m -2. h -1, the energy fixing is 14.71kcal·m -2.h -1, the energy dissipating is 28.61 kcal·m -2. h -1 and theenergy accumulating is 11.71 kcal·m -2.h -1, in the process of the energymetabolism of soybean (Glycing soja) seedling stage. That can be seen thatmost of the energy is lost in the energy metabolism, of which the tra-nspiration of the soybean dissipates 25.71 kcal·m -2.h -1 and the photo-respiration and respiration of the soybean dissipates only 3. 00 kcal·m -2.h -1. Thus, the efficiency of the energy utilization is 1.18% in its seedlingstage.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    ON THE PRIMARY STUDY OF THE SYSTEMATICS AND FLORISTICS OF COMPOSITAE
    Ling Yeou-ruenn
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 151-201.  
    Abstract569)      PDF(pc) (8210KB)(264)       Save
    The paper would presnt the Phylogeny and Floristics of Compositae( Asteraceae) in the world. According to the reseach from Fossils and Paleopollen grains, thecentre of the original speciation and the earliest divergence of Compositaecould be at the areas around the Ancient Mediterranean and Montana of USA in Eocene or earlier of it in Tertiary era. The Pro-Asterales, especiallyPro-Heliantheae was perhaps, firstly, derived from Pro-Rosales, Pro-Spir-aeoideae, and from Pro-Asterales the primitive species from Trib. Heli-antheae, Trib. Mutisieae and Trib. Cichorieae, were diverged separatelyfrom the ancestors of Pro-Heliantheae, Pro-Mutisieae and Pro-Cichorieae.As the result of the climate became drought and cold, and the strong stim-ulation from insect-pollination in earlier Tertiary era, the tubular corolla, which sepals were adnated regularly or irregularly as bilabiate at the base, as in Pro-Heliantheae and in Pro-Mutisieae, or sepals adnated laterally onone-side, as in the ligulate corolla in Pro-Cichorieaea, syngenesious stamenfrom united free anthers and capitula, which were aggregated the florets onthalamous, were formed. Pro-Vernonieae Pro-Eupatorieae, Pro-Inuleae andSenecioneae, maybe derived earlierly or laterly from the ancestor ofPro-Heliantheae at tropics of C.& S. America, when the ancestorshad migrated and extended the areas into there from the speciation cen-tre. Pro-Astereae and Pro-Anthemideae, perhaps, derived from Pro-Inuleaethere, where the climate became drought or cold in Eurasia, when theancestors had migrated there;Pro-Cynareae and Pro-Arctotideae derivedfrom Pro-Mutisieae, and Pro-Calenduleae from Pro-Senecioneae in droughtand hot areas in Africa and S.-W. Asia, when ancestors of them migratedthere. Trib. Cichorieae solitarily developed from Pro-Cichorieae. The pres-ent species and genera of tribes in the world were separately divergedfrom above pro-tribes. The corolla of florets in capitula from ancestors in the family in ear-lier Tertiary age developed, perhaps, from homogamous capitula with wholebisexual florets and adnated regularly or irregularly tubular at base orbilabiate corolla, into heterogamous, i. e. the marginal florets had beenreduced into pistillate then to asexual with ligulate corolla and it usuallywith teeth 3→2 and 0 at apex of it. Those species are usually found at theareas of insect-pollination. However, in the drought area of wind-pollinationthe marginals were reduced into pistillates with narrow tubular corolla and 4→3→2→0-teeth at the apex. The inner bisexual florets have also the red-uction of pistillate absorption, but absorbed ovaries from present to abs-ent. Then, the unisexual and monoeceous or dioeceous capitula and reducedcorolla in it latererly occured. Those are the evolution in subfam. Tubulif-lorae. With the exception of the capitula, in subfam. Liguliflorae, thosehave whole bisexual ligulate florets, which are accompanied with milkysap in plants, were solitarily developed. Both ligulate corollae with pistill-ate or asexual florets in heterogamous. capitula and with whole bisexualflorets, so-called "concordance", were derived solitarily from differentancestors, but in the same or similar environment. The present pollen grains have more or less shown the differentiationsand relationships among the tribes, for example, in Heliantheae, Vernonie-ae, Eupatorieae, Inuleae, Senecioneae, Astereae and Anthemideae, those arewith 3-zonocolporate, the extine cuneate and the surface spinate-spinulateand with an excrescence system that composed of the column and basalcushion. But in Heliantheae the columellar union with exposed foot layerunlike in others without the layer. In Mutisieae and Cynareae those are byunique extine strata with megacolumellar and microcolumella layers, butin the former it is by a little ellipsoid apertural lacuna and in the latterit is by the ellipsoid and furrowed apertural lacuna. Contrarily, it havecommon lophate extine surface and homogeneous ellipsoid apertural lacunain Cichorieae. It seems to be commended in cp-DNA and Cladistics, especially in cp-DNA., but it still is, now, difficult to clarify naturally the relationship,.among the tribes and a part of not whole, subtribes, which have mentioned data in Cladistics, because by means of equal-parallel. characters of them, it can not show what is the primary or the main from that the secondary or minor of the characters, and it have not shown what is the individual variation of development in evolution for categories of the family. In addition, it do not sufficient to be one only, not more, for the com-parated family, as in Campanulaceae, included Lobeliaceae for the considerable relationship with Compositae. By the mentioned ideas, author'd like to surnmarize Compositae into 2 subfamilies, 5 supertribes and 12 tribes (1990*) according to the reseach from morphology, incl. Pollen grains and Plant Geography, incl. Paleo-eeography. The category is as follows: Compositae—— Asteraceae I, Subfarn, Tubuliflorae DC.——Carduoideae Kitam.——Asteroideae Carlq 1) Supertrib Helianthanae Y, R. Ling 1. Trib. Heliantheae Cass. (incl. syn. Trib. Helenieae Cass.) 2. Trib. Inuleae Cass, 3. Trib. Astereae Cass. 4. Trib. Anthemideae Cass. 2) Supertrib. Eupatorianae Y. R. Ling 5. Trib. Eupatorieae Cass. 6. Trib. Senecioneae Casse 7. Trib. Calenduleae Cass. 3) Supertrib, Vernonianae Y. R. Ling 8. Trib. Vernonieae Cass, 9) Supertrib. Mutisianae Y. R, Ling 9. Trib。Mutisieae Cass. 10. Trib. Cynareae Less, 11. Trib. Arctotideae Cass。Ⅱ, Subfam Liguliflorae DC——Cichorioideae Kitam.——Cichoriace〇e Juss. 5) Supertrib. Cichorianae Y. R. Ling 12. Trib. Cichorieae Riechb. Since the alternates with Ice-ages and intermittence of Ice-ages from Tertiary to Quaternary eras in the world, the ancestors of tribes of Com-positae usually migrated towards warm areas, and new groups, including new genera and species, were diverged and arisen from the ancestors and survival species of the family. In C. & Se America it is either the diverging centre or one of the present distributional mass centres, because there, distribute the most accounts of genera and species, especially the genera with monospecies and oligospecies in the western Hemisphere in the:Q world. The area with the second accounts of genera and spe'cies of the family is in Africa, especially in S, S.-E. Africa, included Madacascar Island, S.-W. and Tropical West Africa, where the ancestors of the family moved there by the Equator had shift towards midland from the:north in Africa. So the area, including Se, S.-W., Tropical West and S——E. Africa, is another one of diverging and present distributed mass centres, in Eastern Hemisphere, Nevertheless, in Eurasia most of genera and species, which occured earlierly there, were migrated from 2 routes, one was, through the "route";C. Asia, W. & S.-We Asia from the Ancient Mediterranean;another one is via the ancient adjacent "route" between N.-E, Asia-N-W America from N.-W. America migrated into there. Those are by the evidence from Paileopollen grains, However, the "Hengduang-Himal-ayan Mts."in S.-W. China is a special area by the Floristic point of view. It is either the refuge of Compositae from N# Asia in Ice Age, or-an area inhabited by some ancient Tertiary endemic and present regional endemic species, latter were arisen after Ice Age. Besides, it is also one of the secondary speciation centres after Ice Age and one of present distributional mass centres, Caucasus in Europe, although there are less genera and species of Compositae, it as fact, is an exchange-convergence area by Floristics among the Europe, C.& W. Asia and Africa for the family, and the Alps is a small refuge with a few endemic genera and species of Compositae in C. Europe。In W. & N.-W. America it have more endemic species, which arose before and after Ice Ages, because it is the high mountain areas and also a refuge of Compositae in Ice Age, unlike in E. &C.of N. America, where is instead of hills or plains only, and many genera and species of the family were destroyed in Ice Age, In addition, although it distribute less genera and species of Compositae in Pacific Continent, that wats separated from Gundwana before Tertiary Era, than in other Continents , the genera and species of the family were solitarily diverged while the Continent was in drifting towards the Equator, and more regional endemic genera and species of it are included in the Continent now, and only a few common genera and species were moved into there from C.-S. America, S. Asia and Africa. By the Floristic point of view author divides the areas of Compositae into 4 Kingdoms, 27 subkingdoms. I。Holarctic Kingdom 1) Eurasia Division 1. Subholarctic subkingdom 2. East Sibiria Far East subkingdom 3. Eastern Asi'a forest subkingdom 4. Hengduang-Himalayan Mts。forest subkingdom 5. Eurasia steppe or semi-desert steppe subkingdom 6. C., W & N. Europe forest or forest-steppe subkingdom 2) Ancient Mediterranean Division 7. C. Asia temperate desert subkingdom 8. Qinghai-Xizang plateau;subkingdom 9. W. & S.-W. Asia_Arab_N.-E. Africa tropical desert and savanna subkingdom 10. The Mediterranean tropical, subtropical and winter-green forest subkingdom 3) N。America Division 11. N. & N,-E America lower mountain forest subkingdoni 12. W. & N.-W. America mountain forest subkingdom 13. C. of N. America steppe subkingdom Ⅱ。Paleotropical and subtropical in S. Hemisphere Kingdom 14. Indo-China E. & S.-E. Indian tropical forest and savanna. subkingdoni 15. Iadian-Pakistan tropical desert and savanna subkingdom 16. Malaysian-Philippine tropical Jungle subkingdom 17. N. & N.-W African tropical desert and Xerophyte subkingdom 18. E. & C。African plateau and savanna subkingdom 19. Tropical West Africa——S. Africa——S.-E, Africa forest & steppe subkingdom Ⅲ. Neotropical Kingdom 20. C. America We Indian Islands subkingdom 21. Amazon Tropical Jungle subkingdom 22. Brazil Pampas subkingdom 23. Andes C. of S. American forest subkingdom Ⅳ. Australian Kingdom 24. N. & E. Australian forest & steppe subkingdoni 25. C. & N.-W。Australian tropical desert & semidesert-steppe subkingdom 26. S.-W Australian subtropical winter-green forest subkingdom 27. The tropical forest subkingdom in Pacific Islands.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    CATHAYSIAN PALEOCONTINENT AND CATHAYSIAN FLORA
    Xie Yong-quan
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 202-209.  
    Abstract666)      PDF(pc) (648KB)(347)       Save
    Cathaysisn Paleocontinent is neither the only paleocontinent nor theoldest one in China. The rock formation of the Sinian Period has not beendiscovered in Hainan so far. The Sinian Period does not cover an largearea in Guangdong. In the early phase of the Triassic Period, the land was basically an area of denudation of terrene in Northern China. Most areas south of Chang-jiang were shallow sea or epicontinental sea. In the phase of the Triassic Period, there were also some coal-cota-ining deposit horizon in the areas of Guangdong, where the sea and terrenealternatively dominated. Since the late Jurassic Period, there supposedly appeared some originalangiosperm in the area of northern China. According to references, theecological environment in northern China provided a good condition for thegrowth and development of the original angiosperm. From the CretaceousPeriod to Ice Age of the Ouaternary Period, the changing of the paleoge-ographical condition resulted in the survival and development of the angi-osperm and other plants in the area of southern China. Concerning paleogeography and flora, the hypothesis that "Sumatra wasone southernmost part of Cathaysian paleocontinent", and the Peninsula ofIndochna, Philippines, Kalimantan, and Iran were parts of Cathaysianplatform and Cathaysan flora seem to be very subjective assumptions, because they lack sufficient evidence. The essay focusses on the discussion of the definition and the scope ofthe Cathaysian Paleocontinent (or "the Platform of South China"), and onthe time and space of the Cathaysian Flora, as well as the origin of an-giosperm.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PHYTOPLAMKTON AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF WUDALIAN LAKE
    Jiang Zuo-fa, Xia Zhong-zhi
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (2): 210-215.  
    Abstract452)      PDF(pc) (410KB)(310)       Save
    This paper study the relationship of populatiort dynamics of phyto-plankton with water temperature, transparency, pH, NH 4 +, Sio 2, waterplant, zooplankton etc. factors were positive correlation and with NO 2, NO 3, P 2O 4 etc. factors correlation were not notable in Wudalian Lake.It describes the relationship of population danamics of phytoplankton andenvironmental factors of Wudalian Lake. And the trophic types and fishpotentialities of Wudalian Lake were discussed in this paper.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS BEGONIA FROM GUANGXI
    Liang Ding-ren, Chen Xiu-xiang
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 217-219.  
    Abstract527)      PDF(pc) (177KB)(311)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    RARE AND ENDANGERED TREES NEWLY DISCOVERED IN SHANXI
    Liu Qing-quan, Ye Hong-yu
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 220-223.  
    Abstract680)      PDF(pc) (297KB)(246)       Save
    During carryirig out the investigation of Shanxi ancient trees recent inyears, the authors found something new and it is scientific significance.In this paper, the authors report five taxa, including one new species:the narrow-leaved pagoda tree ( Sophora angustifoliola Q. Q. Liu et H. Y.Ye), one new distribution to Shanxi:the colored pagoda tree ( Sophora japonica var. violacea Carr.), three new forms:the dense-branched Chin-ese pine ( Pinus tabulaeformis f. densa Q. Q. Liu et H. Y. Ye), the creeping Chinese arbor-vitae ( Platycladus orientalis f. pendula Q. Q. Liu et H. Y. Ye)and the white flowered grey catalpa ( Catalpa fargesii f. alba Q. Q. Liu etH. Y. Ye). Descriptions and distribution areas of the above taxa arealso involved.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A NEW VARIETY OF OXYTROPIS ANERTII NAKAI
    Zong Zhan-jiang, He Xi-rong, Liu Jiu, Zhang Jun-cheng
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 224-224.  
    Abstract496)      PDF(pc) (64KB)(231)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    NEW RECORD OF THE RUBUS FROM N. E. CHINA
    Xie Hang, Zhao Geng-chun, Yang Cheng-lu, Yang Jing-long
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 225-226.  
    Abstract552)      PDF(pc) (122KB)(239)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLORA OF GANSHILING, SOUTH HAINAN
    Xing Fu-wu, Li Ze-xian, Wu De-lin
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 227-242.  
    Abstract350)      PDF(pc) (1259KB)(330)       Save
    Ganshiling is situated at the southern part of Hainan Island, at 109°34'-109°42'E. and 18°21'-18°26'N., with an altitude of 10-347m. The an-nual average temperature and rainfall are 24.5℃ and 1200mm. respectively, the solar radiation energy is up to 134. 1 Kcal./cm 2 annually. The regionalvegetation is tropical rain forest. There are 1144 species of vascular plants belonging to 171 families and679 genera in the studied area, of which 28 families, 62 genera and 93 spec-ies are Pteridophyta;3 families, 4 genera and 4 species are Gymnosper-mae;140 families, 613 genera and 1047 species are Angiospermae. The main families of the flora are Annonaceae, Myrtaceae, Sterculi-aceae) Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Rubiaceae, Zin-giberaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Dilleniaceae, Ochnaceae etc., most of themare tropical distribution. According to the geographical distribution of spermatophytic genera inGanshiling, They may be divided into 13 types and 8 sub-types, of whichPantropic and Trop Asia elements are two largest parts of the flora. At specific level, the Trop. Asia elements has highest percentage (54.14%).They can be integrated into the following categories:Distribution type No. of genera% No. of species% Cosmopolitan 30-22-Tropical 554 94.4 757 73.57 Temperate 29 4.9 11 1.07 Tethysian (Ancient 1 0.2-Mediterranean) Endemic to China 3 0.5 261 25.36 Total 617 100 1051 100 Endemism is relatively poor, with 3 genera and 261 species of endemicto China, 135 species endemic to Hainan, most of them are the dominantspecies in their communities. Comparing the composition of the flora with those of 7 neighbouringregions, the flora of Ganshiling is quite similar to those of Indo-Chinapeninsula and Java. The indices of generic similarity are 88.07% and 85.86%respectively. We consider the flora of Ganshiling represents some floristic charac-teristics of the tropical rain forest in our country. The investigation onthe flora is helpful for us to understand the floras of Hainan and China.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    BIOSYSTEMATICAL STUDIES ON NORTHEAST CHINA VICIA L.VI.-KARYOTYPE AND CYTOGEOGRAPHY OF VICIA VENOSA COMPLEX AND ITS ALLIED SPECIES
    Li Rui-jun, Pei Yan-long, Liu Mei, Liu Xiang-jun
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 243-249.  
    Abstract586)      PDF(pc) (1342KB)(308)       Save
    Related Articles | Metrics
    STUDOES ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT GAMETOPHYTES OF SELAGINELLACEAE
    Liu Bao-dong, Zhang Da-wei, Bao Wen-mei, Aur Chih-wen
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 250-256.  
    Abstract481)      PDF(pc) (3618KB)(300)       Save
    Using the light microscope and SEM, the characteristic of the morp-hological development of the culturing gametophytes of 11 speices in theSelaginellaceae from China have been studied. They are Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring, S. helvetica (L.) Link, S. rossii (Bak.) Warb., S.remolifolia Spring, S. sibirica (Milde) Hieron., S. sinensis (Desv.) Spring, S. delicatula (Desv.) Alston, S. heterostachys Kak., S. labordei Hieron. S.nipponica Franch. et Sav., and S. sanguinclenta (L.) Spring. On the basis of the characteristic of the morphological development ofeach species, the possibility of morphological evolution on the female gam-etophytes of Selaginellaceae has been discussed. We consider that the fem-ale gametophtes may be divided into two typies:Shortening equatorialaxif type and Shortening polar axis type. These two typies are identicalwith the views of dividing The genus Selaginella into Hemoerphyllum andHeterophyllum on the sporophytes And the Heterophyllum seems to be grouped, owing to the morphological development of female gametophytes. Amony them the female gametophytyes of 9 species are the first rep-ort.
    Related Articles | Metrics
    ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE PRIMARY VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE SEEDLING OF ADONIS AESTIVALIS L
    Wang Li-jun, Gu An-gen, Zhang You-min, Jia Wei-ping
    Bulletin of Botanical Research    1993, 13 (3): 257-261.  
    Abstract371)      PDF(pc) (1311KB)(279)       Save
    Adonis aestivalis belongs to Adonis of Ranunculaceae. Its seedling isapparently divided into three zones:epicotyl shoot zone, cotyledon nodezone (CNZ) and hypocotyl root zone. The seedling is with the center ofthe cotyledon-node-zone, the middle and upper parts of the CNZ upwardare cotyledon-node-stem transitional region and the hypocotyl of theseedling downward is cotyledon-node root transitional region. Some onto-genetic studies on the primary vascular system of seedlings of somegenera in Ranunculaceae have been reported. But the transformation of thecotyledon-node-stem transitional region of A. aestivalis is different fromthose of other genera in Ranunculaceae. The main difference is that itsmetaxylem develops tangentially to form undeveloped double-lip-likecollateral vascular bundles after the mesarch, diarch haplostele withdouble fan-like metaxylem reaches the middle part of the CNZ. Theparenchyma appears in the center of the haplostele and divelops furtherto form the pith. The upper part of the CNZ is divided into severalundeveloped endarch collateral vascular bundles which directly formeustele of the epicotyl. This study is to testify the CNZ theory and revealthe evolutional rules of primary vascular system in Angiosperms.
    Related Articles | Metrics