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Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988 Vol.8
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NOTES ON SOME ACANTHACEAE OF SOUTH CHINA(cont.Ⅱ)
Lo Hsien-shui
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 1-6.
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491
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DUAE SPECIES NOVAE ORCHIDACEARUM SINICARUM
Chen Sing-chi, Tsi Zhan-huo
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 7-12.
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494
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277
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POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF THE FAMILY ARALIACEAE IN CHINA
Shang Chih-bei, D. Callen
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 13-48.
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482
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The pollen grains of 34 species and 2 varieties in
Araliaceae
from China, were examined by light microscope and in which 22 species rep-resenting 21 genera of the family by scanning electron microscop. Theircharacteritic details are given in the generic diagnosis. According to their shape, form and sculpture of exine etc., these genera can be distinguished except
Tupidanthus
and
Schefflera
, because they have similar pollen characteritic. A pollen key to the genera based on these observations is presented. 1. based on the shape of pollen grains can be grouped the followingmain three types:(1). Spheroidal type (P/E=0.88-1.14):
Trevesia
,
Fatsia
,
Oplopanax
, Merrilliopanax, Nothopanax. (2). Subprolate type (P/E=1.14-1.33):
Hedera
,
Tetrapanax
,
Sincpanax
. (3). Prolate type (P/E=1.33-2):
Kalopanax
,
Tupidanthus
,
Heteropanax
. The shape of some pollen grains in the genera with many species isvariable such as
Schefflera
, from subprolate to prolate,
Acanthopanax
, from spheroidal to subprolata etc. 2. Based on the sculpture and structure of exine four types can be also grouped:(1). Tuberculate or clavate type:
Fatsia
,
Trevesia
. (2). Reticulate type:three forms A. Fine-reticulate form:The tectum is psilate or the lumina is incouspicuous as
Merrilliopanax
,
. B. Middle-reticulate form. The lumina with 0.5-1.5
μ
in. diam. as
Aralia
,
Acanthopanax
. C. Crass-reticulate form. The lumina is over 1.5
μ
in diam. as
Kalopanax
,
Panax
Hedera
. (3). Interrupted-tectum type:only in
Osmoxylon
. (4). Areolate type:only in
Diplopanax
. In this paper are discussed some taxonomic problems:The characteritic of pollen between the
Brassaiopsis
and
Euaxaliopsis
is so similar that it is impossible to separate it into two genera. specialized pollen grains and the large fruit with One-seed (Locule) of the genus
Diplopanax
Hand.Mazz. indicate that this genus does'nt belong to
Araliaceae
or
Cornaceae
, but to
Aralidiaceae
. The evidence of the pollen, and other morphological features as racemose inflorescences, evergreen trees support that it is best to separate
Parapentapanax
Hutch. from the
Pentapanax
Seem. Finally, According to each pollen type and correlation with othermorphological characters (see table 2), a proposed scheme of phylogene-tic relationships of the genera in
Araliaceae
from China is shown in Fig.I. by author.
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ON THE ORIGINAL PLANTS OF THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE “QIN-PI”(CORTEX FRAXINI)--Studies on the Genus Fraxinus L.(Oleaceae)in China(Ⅱ)
Sun San-sheng
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 49-56.
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644
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This part(Ⅱ) of the paper(part Ⅰ, see vol. Ⅴ, no 1, 37-70, 1985)has dealt with the following species, which have been thought to be thebotanical onigins of the traditional Chinese nedicine "Qinpi" Chinese Drug:(
criex Fraxini
). They were misinterpreted in the past, especiallytheir Latin name have been in confusion for a long time. (1)
Fraxius meaioinalis
S. S. Sun, sp. nov. The new species were formerly labeled as
Fraxinus chinensis
var.
acuminata
Lingelsh., even were wrongly regarded as
Fraxinus chinensis
var.
rhynchophylla
Hemsl. or
Fraxinus rhynchophylla
Hance. It is mainly distributed in Shaanxi (陕西) and Gansu. (甘隶) A. Lingelsheim (1920) improperly established the variety-
Fraxinus chinensis
var.
acuminata
Lingelsh., but I bave found that its syntype shouldbe separated at least into three parts:cited specimens from Japan may be
Fraxinus longicusfis
S. & Z.;cited ones from Kansu (viz. Gansu)and Schensi(viz. Shaanxi) may well be the new species;yet cited ones from Hupeh, Kanton, etc. need further researching. It is ifferent from
Fraxicus chinen
. is Roxb. in that flower is polygamo-dioecious;calyx in pistillate or hermaphrodite is obconic or broad-campanulate with irregularly lobes;style shorter;stigma bifid or capitate;especially the length of samara's upper wing always longer than the length of the seed part;its leaflets apex always acuminate or attenuate, rarerostrate. It is distinct from
F. obovata
Bl. to be mentioned below (viz.
Fraxinus chinen
is var.
rhynchophylla
Hemsl. or F.
rhynchophylla
Hance) It is leafletsare fairly minor ca 5-6 cm long, 2-4 cm late, especially along the midrib and veins beneath always bear white fine hair, without any dense brownish villose like the later. The perules of the terminal bud are thiner than that of the later. It must be pointed out that the new species is not coincident with
Fraxinus caudata
J. L. Wu (1982), because Wu's name refer to
Fraxinus chinensis
var.
acuminata
Lingelsh., but the new species in this paper merely refer tothe part distributed in Gansu and Shaanxi. Besides, Wu's name unwittin-gly involved the type of
Fraxinus szaboana
Lingelsh (1907), so has become asuperflous name of the latter, hence should be rejected by current ICBN. (2)
Fraxinus obovata
Bl.(sensu lato) The older name has been overlooked and misinterpreted for a long time.As far as its protologue (original description) is concerned, the species appears to be quite puzzling (cf. Blume 1850). A. Lingelsheim once said:"the flowers of this species are unknown and has never been seen since Blume described it". He took it as "Species non Satis Congnitae", and thendisposed of it as "Species excludendae". However, I have by chance found that some root suckers (surculus), which is sprouted from a block of the stump, much similar to the type features of
Fraxinus obovata
Bl. which was showed in the publication of Nakai et Koidzumi (1927) fig. 193 (the duplication of that photo is pl.Ⅲ in this paper). The appearance immediately appealed to me, so I managed to investigate on the habit, habitat, morphological change and differentia-tion within species. It has been confirmed that those root suckers (surculus)turned out to be
Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance
. Although the epithet "obovata" based on such especial appearence seemsto be improper for the species, the older Latin name
Fraxinus obovata
Bl. is still legitimate. On account of priority in nomenclature, the name
Fraxinus obovata
Bl. must be taken into use again. From the point of view of nomenclatural stability, I had hoped I might be albe to dispose of the older name as "
ncm. rejioienda
" or "
nom. dubium
". Unfortunately by ICBN Art. 69-1, a specific name can only be reje-cted if it has been widely and persistantly used for a taxon or taxa notincluding its type. Nevertheless, I should like to uphold Dr. P. S. Green'sproposal:"The next International Botanical Congress will incorporateinto the Code of Nomenclature, for such overlooked names, the simple expedient of
nomina specifica rejicienda
". Acording to the study in field work over large district and in in herbftriua, from tbe available data and specimens, it has been proved that the species .should be disposed of as a polymorphical species of higher evolutionary ,4egree# It is distributed widely from North China,Far East USSR, Korea to North Japan, Consequently obevata Bl. sensu lato in this paper refers to
Fraxinus rhynchopylla
Hancc,
F. japonica
Bl. ex K. Koch and their synonyms.The long and confused synonymy in this paper may well be helpful to set forth!the correct name.It must be pointed out that this species (sensu lato) have been further separated into sevaral subspecies, on the basis of the analytical results (N. Bf be published in the next paper), by means of "Fuzzy Glustering Analysis Method" as is called, with computer simultaneously in view of "geographical race" or "ecctype".(3)
Fraxtnus paxiana
Lingelsh. The species is one of the botanical origins of the "Shaanxi Qinpi"(陕西秦皮)is well as
Fraxinus meaiciralis
S, S. Sun, but its amount of the natural resources is rather limited. Its chief features are,Urge tree, big leaves with 7-11 leaflets,lateral petiolulcs rather short;along the midrib and veins base beneath covered with dense or lightly browish villose, or nearly glabrious; large inflorescence with a great deal of flowers (i. c. densiflora). Especially, s'aminate flowers bear fragrant petals, while pistillate flowers appear to be no petals, as the petals are so indistinct or early easy dec inev The axis of the inflorescence is stout, redish or brownish with obvious leniicels.Ou affi ities, this species is very closed to
Fraxinus suaveclcns
W. W. Smith, which is chiefly distributed in Southwest China. Besides,
Fraxinus sikkimen
.is Haud Mazz. (1936) is a puzzling species so far. Its appearence is evry sinular to the female body of
Fraxinus paxiana
Lingelsh. Certainly, these opinions need to be confirmed.(4)
Fraxinus stylosa
Lingelsh. (sensu lato) This species is usually a small tree or shrub. Its leaves are rather sttfiller,up to 20 cm long,3-5-(7) leaflets. The axis of the iafloiescent^ is rather slender,flowers are sparse, petals are spathulate or oblanceolate, up tu 1,5-2 mm loag.
Fraxinus fallax
Lingelsh. is identical in all details with
F. stylosa
Lingelsb. but the former's leaves have not any hair on both surl aces.
Frarinus oacnicccalyx
H.M. ex Stib. is also similar to it. In view of classification equivalence, all of these species should fall within the range of variation.(5)
Fraxinus chinensts
Roxb.This is, ia fact, a widely cultural species in China. True wild plant have la dly been found so far all over the country. Its chief characteristics ares dioecious (flowers are strictly unisexual);calx in the pistillate flower is always long campanulate and lightly irregularly toothed, while calyx in stamiaate flower is rather little;no petals in any flower. The shape and feature of the samara appear to be unique the terminal wing of the samara is acute and attenuate like ploughshare, and obviously shorierw than tbfc ieed part.As A. Lingelsheim did not clearly know the above key characters, he not only toolc a few related species into confusion,but published several inappropriate varieties. A lot of related species specimens without flowers, used to be wrongly determined as
Fraxinus chinensis
Roxb. So many speciments in China have been wrongly labeled this name.It is said that this species is not the original plant of the current "Qinpi" goods, but the cortex may be used as the substitute of the Traditional Chinese Medicine "Qinpi", owing to pharmacists study. (S) Fraxinus bungeana DC.Formerly,it was thought to be a main original plant of "Qinpi". This is a "good species" in Taxonomy. It is easy to be determined owing to its unique rhombic leaflets, pubescent shoot and flower bearing linear whitr petals.It is chiefly distributed in Hebei, Henan, Liaoning and Shanxi, bat lots of speciments of other species distributed in many other regions, used to be wrongly re&arded as
Fraxinus bungcana
DC.
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PRELIMINARY RESEARCH OF VEGETATIONAL SUCCESSION ON THE SONG-NEN PLAIN SINCE LATE PLEISTOCENE
Wang Pei-fang, Xia Yu-mei
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 87-96.
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477
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According to the characteristics of spore-pollen assemblages from six section of the Song-nen plain and C
14
dating. Since late period of the latepleistocene, the vegetational succession divided into six stage. Stage Ⅰ. (60000-30000 yr.) The formation is characteristed by dark co-niferous forest-steppe, Which mainly consists of
Pinus
,
Picea
,
Chenopodiaceae
.
Artemisia
and accompany
Botrychum
,
Lycopodium
. That time climate was cold and humic. Stage Ⅱ. (30000-21000 yr.) The formation is dominated by theropeu-cedrymion-steppe or brich forest-steppe. In which,
Pinus
,
Betula
,
Artemisia
or
Betula
and
Artemisia
is dominated, At that time, the climate was mild andcold. Stage Ⅲ. (21000-11000 yr.) The formation is dominated by dry steppeor open steppe or weed. Which has
Chenopodiaceae
,
Artemisia
or
Pinus
and
Chenopodiaceae
. Vegetation rare. The climate was dry cold. Stage Ⅳ (11000-7500 yr.) The formation is dominated by theropeuced-rymion, rare forest-meadow or meadow-steppe. In which,
Pinus
and.
Betula
ispredominated. On the middle plain, increase of the decidous broad-leavedtree. The climate was mild and slight humid. Stage Ⅴ. (7500-2500 yr.) The formation is dominated by decidousbroad-leaved forest, forest-meadow or forest-steppe.Which mainly consists of
Pinus
, broad-leaf tree.
Cyperaceae
and
Artemisia
. The species has
Juglans
,
Tilia
,
Carpinus
and a lot of
Cyperaceac
. The swamp is developed. Peat isaccumulated. The climate was warm, moist. Late period the climate slightcold. Stage Ⅵ. (2500-Present) The formation is dominated by the conifrousforest. theropeucedrymion or meadow-steppe. The climate resemble recent. It is proved C
14
dating and fossil of the vertebrate. Stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ belongto late period of the late Pleistocene. Stage Ⅳ belong to early Holocene.Stage Ⅳ belong to middle Holocene, Stage Ⅵ belong to Late Holocene. During late period of the late pleistocene, due to it is influenced bythel ow temeperate weather from terrestric glacier of the Sibirica. All the North-East plain by control of the preglacier climate, it is cold and grown a lot of xerophytes, formed an especial plant association. its contain treepollens:
Pinus
,
Picea
,
Betula
. Herb pollen:
Chenopodiaceae
,
Compositae
,
Gramineae
and Spores of fern:
Botrychum
,
Selaginella
,
Locopodium
. That late period of the late pleistocene, the vegetational type arethree model vegetational landscape of the preglacier and sporepollen ass-emblages is model assemblage under preglacier climate also. Its was one ofthe symbol layer of late pleistocene.
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TWO NEW SPECIES OF AGARICS FROM NORTH GUANGDONG PROVINCE OF CHINA
Bi Zhi-shu, Li Tai-hui
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 97-102.
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571
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This paper reports thirteen species of
Agarics
collected by authors fromNorth Guangdong Province. Among them there are two new species whichare
Hygroaster trachysporus
Bi sp. nov. and
Chamaeota dextrincidespora
Bi sp.nov., and 11 new records to China. Latin and Chinese diagnoses for thetwo new taxa has been provided. All taxa are deposited in the Herbarium of the Institute of Microbio-logy of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou.
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A NEW SPECIES OF BOTRYODIPLODIA
Zhong Zhao-kang, Zhao Min
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 103-106.
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(
475
)
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A NEW VARIETY OF ULMUS PUMILA L
Guo Jian-hua, Li Yu-shan, Li Jing-hua
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 107-108.
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(
500
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IS AN ANCESTOR OF SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS(LAMB.)ENDL. EXTINCT?
Li Lin-chu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 109-114.
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(
594
)
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The present paper reviewed Stebbins' article "The Chromosomes andRelationships of
Metasequoia
, and
Sequcia
". The author advanced the dif-ferent opinions that except
MetaSequcia glyftostrobcides
, another diploidancestor of
Sequoia sempervirens
may be not extinct and it was
Sequoiadendron giganteam
perhaps.
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A NEW VARIETY OF POPULUS FROM INNER MONGOLIA
Qu Shi-zeng, Chen Zhen-feng
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 115-116.
Abstract
(
486
)
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A NEW SPECIES OF ILEX FROM SICHUAN
Tan Zhong-ming
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 117-120.
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(
569
)
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A NEW FORMA OF ALBIZIA FROM GANSU
Yao Te-shen
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 121-122.
Abstract
(
512
)
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A NEW SPECIES OF SCHISANDRACEAE
Sun Cheng-ren
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 123-125.
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(
462
)
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STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS, REGENERATION AND SILVICULTURE OF LARIX FORESTS IN NORTHEAST CHINA
Chou Yi-liang, Wu Hong-qi, Chen Tao
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 127-146.
Abstract
(
544
)
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RESEARCH ON TYMPANIS IN NORTH-EASTERN CHINA
Xiang Cun-ti, Song Rui-qing
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
1
): 147-152.
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(
467
)
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This article reported five species, one variant of Tympais of northeastern China, including one new species (
Tympanis tiliae
Xiang et Song), four new recorded species (
T. confusa
Nyl.,
T. abietina
Groves,
T. piceina
Groves,
T. alnea
(
Pers
.) Fr.), one new recorded variant (
T. alnea
var.
hysterioides
Rehm). We have studied the morphological and cultural charactersto every species and verified that
T. confusa
is a pathogen causing bleebingcanker of korean pine (
Pinus koraiensis
) by Koch's postulates.
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A REVISION OF IMPATIENS L. FROM CHEKIANG-STUDIES ON THE GENUS IMPATIENS L. IN CHINA(Ⅱ)
Chen Yi-ling
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 1-16.
Abstract
(
1995
)
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This short revision of Impatiens is prepared for the compilation of the Chekiang Flora, based upon primary study of the material obtained on the Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica and some other institutions. 11species of Impatiens are recognized in Chekiang Province so far. Of which 4 new species,
I. chekiangensis
,
I. platysepala
,
I. chloroxantha
and
I. tienmu-shanica
are described, and 3 new distributional records for the Flora aregiven.
I. cosmia
Hook. f. is reduced to synonym. A key to species ofImpatiens known to occur in this area is provided bere also. This smallaccount can be regarded as the supplement of my earlior study on Chinese Impatiens.
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NOTULAE DE VIOLACEIS SINENSIBUS(Ⅰ)
Wang Ching-jui
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 17-24.
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3153
)
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In this article the autbor describes 2 species and 1 variety of Viola as new to science. Among them one is
Viola weixiensis
C. J. Wang. the style of which is convex without margin, but with papilose at summit, gradually passing into short beak directed slightly upward.The other
Viola diffusoides
C. J. Wang is glabrous, a perennial plant spreading by numerous leafy stolons. Its upper and lateral petal gradually narrowed into a claw at base.
Viola moupinensis
Franch. var
lijiangensis
C. J. Wang nearest to the typical variety, from which it differs by the yellow flowers and pilosebeneath the leaves. Based upon the detailed observations on the isotype of
Viola vayinata
Maxim. and topotype of
Viola moupinensis
Franch., the author holds, that the Latin name
Viola moupinensis
Franch. should be used for "huan" (萱)instead of the wrong use of
Viola vaginata
Maxim. for it;the correctionsof Which had already been made. Up to now the distributions of
Viola vaginata
Maxim. have not yet been found in China.
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A REVISION OF THE GENUS UTRICULARIA IN CHINA
Li Zhen-yu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 25-42.
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1833
)
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In the present paper. the genus
Utricularia
in China is revised, some of taxonomic confusion are cleared, about 500 chinese specimens examined from 25 herberia are cited and a key to the 17 species recognized by the author is provided.
U. minutissima
,
U. limosa
and
U. punctata
are newly recorded from China. The seeds of
U. salwinensis
Hand.-Mazz. are reported for the first time.A sample (T. T. Yu 20255, collected in Gongshan-N. W. Yunnan, China)has a narrowly oblong seed (l-1.2 mm long, including its hairs) and apink corolla. The seed has at each end a tufu of long hairs at least balf aslong as the seedself. The specimens, Van Steenis 8598 and De Wild 15258, collected from N.Sumatra, Indonesia, identified by P. Taylor as
U. salwinensis
in FloraMalesiana (1977), have a white corolla rand a smaller ovoid (c. 0.5 mmlong) and densely short-echinate seed and might represent a new species.
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NOTES ON THE PORELLACEAE FROM CHINA
Chang Kuang-chu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 43-48.
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(
2848
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STUDIES ON THE GENUS ADONIS IN NORTHEAST CHINA
Wang Le-zhong, Liu Ming-yuan
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 49-54.
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2929
)
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Genus
Adonis
in N-E China was studied in this paper. It is consisdered that
Adonis sibirica
Patr. is not distributed in N-E China and
A. pseudoamurensis
is the synonym of
A. ramosa
Franch.
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A NEW SPECIES OF POLYSTICHUM FROM XINJIANG
Yaug Chang-you
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 55-58.
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2818
)
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A NEW SPECIES OF DENDROBIUM FROM SICHUAN, CHINA
Sun Shao-chi, Xu Li-guo
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 59-62.
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2329
)
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A NEW VARIETY OF SALIX FROM SHANDONG
Liang Shu-bin
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 63-67.
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2382
)
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A NEW VARIETY OF ACER FROM SHAANXI
Wang Ming-chang, Yue Zhi-zong
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 68-68.
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1864
)
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A NEW SPECIES OF PHYLLACTINIA
Xie De-zi
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 69-70.
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(
1962
)
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MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE GENUS RHAMNUS L.(RHAMNACEAE) IN THE NORTHEASTERN CHINA
Li Shi-you, Ning Zhu-hua
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 71-114.
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(
3186
)
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The morphological variation of the trunks, branches, leaves, buds, flowers, fruits and seeds of the species are analysed on the basis of thedata of field observations and specimen studies, and some confuscd spe-cies were also surveyed in the field periodically. The results are as fol-lows:1. Habit. Tlie species are all decidous shrubs or small trees, andthe heights of the plants vary with the habitat. It is of limited taxonomic significance in the species. 2. Branches. The species may be opposite or alternate, and often with spines. The branch color is rather variable within and among species andvaries with the light conditions. It has no taxonomic significance in thisgenus. 3. Leaves. A few species are opposite or nearly opposite such as
Rh.diamantiaca
, but most species are alternate. Leaves vary in shape withinand among species in this genus, but the basic leaf shape is an importantcharacter, which can be used to distinguish most species. The value ofleaf length/width has some significance in taxonomy of this genus.Most species are easily distinguished by their leaves alone, using features such as basic leaf shape, value of leaf length/width, vein number and surface of leaf. 4. Buds. The species are different in bud shape and color. Most specieshave no terminal buds except
Rh. arguta
and
Rh. davurica
var.
davurica
. 5. Flowers. The flowers of
Rhamnus
are relatively small and inconspi-cous, and are characteristic of the genus. The species in the northeasternChina are all the same dioecious, greenish, 4-nerous, in axillary clusters. The pedicel length, heirs occuring calyx sad pedicel, are of some signifi-cance in taxonomy of infraspecific taxa. 6. Fruits and Seeds. As reproductive organs, they are of special significance in taxonomy of
Rhamnus
. In this paper, we employ the characters.of fruit and seed to distinguish the taxa usually at the specific and sup-raspecific levels.
Rh. arguta
and
Rh. cathartica
are with 3-4(2) seeds perfruit, the other species with 2 seeds per fruit. Endocarp character is im-portant in the classification of subsection. In Subsect.
Rhamnus
, endocarps are membranceus an can not be separated easily from the seeds, but in Subsect.
Virgatiformes
Grub., they are os-seus and can be separated easily from the seeds. The seed surface features(rough or glossy and the color) are the same. The open part length ofthe seed furrow differs significantly among most species, and it is an im-portant criterion of classification. Pedicel varies in length from 0.2cm to2.0cm among and within species, and it has statistical significance in ta-xonomy. 7. Seedlings. The germination features of the seed and the morphological chafacteristics ot the cotyledons of 6 species and 2 varieties have been studied. All species are epigeal. The species can be divided into twogroups in cotyledon morphology:the cotyledon of
Rh. arguta
is elliptic, and it is similar to
Hovenia dulcis
, the stomata of the cotyledon is ellip-tic, the guard cell is narrow, there are few chloroplasts in the guard cell:In the other species, e cotyledons are round, the stomatas of the cotyledons are round, the guard cells are round, and there are many chlotaplasts in the guard cells. There is a close correlation among various features, in morphology, cytology, isoenzyme and pollen (Li and Ning, in press). It seems that, in the course of morphological evolution in
Rhamnus
, the divergence of other features also occurred. According to results above, the anthors divide the genus
Rhamnus
in thenortheastern China into 2 Snbsections, 4 Series, 10 species and 3 varieties:Rhamnus L. Sect. Rhamnus Subsect. 1, Rhamnus Ser. 1, Utiles Grub. 1,
Rh. davurica
Pall. a. var.
davurica
b. var.
nipponica
Makino 2.
Rh. utilis
Decne var.
hypochrysa
(Schn.) Rehd.Ser. 2, Rhamnus 3,
Rh. cathartica
L.Subsect. 2, Virgatiformes Grub.Ser. 3, Japonicae Grub. 4,
Rh. koraiensis
Schn.Ser. 4, Parvifoliae Grub. 5,
Rh. parvifolia
Bunge 6,
Rh. dalianensis
S. Y. Li et Z. H. Ning 7,
Rh. bungeana
J. Vass 8,
Rh. diamantiaca
Nakai. 9,
Rh.globosa
Bunge a. var.
globosa
b. var. mey'ri (Schn). Y. Li et Z.H.Ning 10, Rh. yoshinoi Maklno 11, Rh. arguta Maxim.
Rh. dalianensis
is a new species which was found in Dalian, Liaoning Province.
Rh. meyeri
Schn. has been combined as a variety under
Rh. globosa
Bunge,
Rh. yoshinoi
Makino and
Rh. diamanliaca
Nakai are placed in Ser.
Parvifoliae
Grub, from Ser.
Japonicae
Grub.. The boundaries of some species have been defined. The key to understanding the species boundaries in the genus lies in their floral morphology. The identification of the species in
Rhamnus
is based largely on basic leaf shape. vein number, hairs in leaf And pedicel, the open part length of the seed furrow. In superspecific taxa, the size of leaf, seed number per fruit, endocarp character and seed surface feature are used to distinguish them. The species of
Rhamnus
in the northeastern China can be divided into three geographically defined groupsf Eurychoric Plants, such as
Rh. davurica
,
Rh. davurica
var. nippontca,
Rh. yoshinctf
Rh diamantiaca
and
Rh. parvifolia
, distribute widely in the northeasrtern China, and occuring in the other regions of China or other countries;Stenochoric Plants, such as
Rh. arguta
,
Rh. koraiensist
Rh. bungeana
and
Rh. globosa
var. meyeri, distribute in the northeastern China, and they also occur in the other regions of China;Endemic Plant,
Rh. dalianensis
, is restricted to the Liaodong Peninsula.With the increase of the air temperature, the number of species graincreases from north to south ia the northeastern China, To the north of latitude 50°N, there is only one species,
Rh. davuncat
but in Liaodong Peninsula (the southern part of northeastern China), there are 7 species and 2 varieties. Liacdoug Peninsula is the center of taxoccmic diversity for
Rhamtius
in the northeastern Cbina. From the eastern part (humid, subhumid climate), to the western part (arid, semiarid climate), the number of species gradually decreases ficm 5 species ard 2 varieties to 2 species.
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NUMERICAL TAXONOMICAL STUDY ON THE GENUS SALIX OF CHINA (Ⅱ)
Yu Chao-ying, Zhang Ming-li
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 115-122.
Abstract
(
2689
)
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Spatial auto-correlation analysis was used to study the Chinese
Salix
characters what were employed in the paper[2] On the base of Estabrook'sformulae, we present the result of spatial auto-correlation and discuss itin the light of the traditional morphological classification. The resultshows 22 characters useful and 8 most useful, 8 characters consist of treetall, branch colour, leaf length, staminate catkin length, staminate catkinlength/thick ratio, pistillate catkin length, pistillate catkin length/thickratio and staminate catkin lengeh-pisillate catkin length difference. Wesider that 22 character, are the major aspect of recognizing Chinese
Salix
, conand the spatial auto-correlation analysis as a tool of analysising taxonomical characters is a good approach.
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A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE GENUS VIOLA IN HEBEI PROVINCE AND BEIJING REGION
Wang Jin-wu, Yang Ji
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 123-132.
Abstract
(
2789
)
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267
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A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE VARIATION PATTERN OF CHARACTERS OF THE VIOLA VARIEGATA COMPLEX
Yang Ji, Wang Jin-wu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 133-138.
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(
2750
)
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Taxa of
V. variegata
and its allied species are taxonomically perplexing.By means of conventional taxonomic methods, it is difficult to discriminate them from one another. A quantitative analysis of the correlations between certain key characters was thus made by applying the methods of pictorra-lized scatter diagram and histogram. Results from both methods have indicated that this complex can be divided into 3 parts:V. Te and Tr respec-tively. According to the pictorialized scatter diagram and histogram, V(
V.varieeata
Fisch.) can easily seperated from Te and Tr. It is thereforeadvisable to reserve the specific rank of this taxa. Te and Tr are somewhatover lapped and are by no means strictly separable. Thus we favor thetreatment made by W. Beck. in 1916 to treat Te as a distinct species, namely
V. tenuicornis
W. Beck. and Tr as a subspecies of
V. tenuicornis
, as
V. tenuicornis
ssp.
trichosepala
W. Beck.
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A NEW VARIETY OF RUBUS ROSAEFOLIUS
Yu Zhi-xiong
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 139-140.
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(
2765
)
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A NEW FORMA OF DEUTZIA NINGPOENSIS REHD
Liu Deng-yi
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 141-142.
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(
2820
)
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253
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ANALYSIS OF THE LITTER'S NUTRIENT ELEMENTS IN THE PINUS SILVESTRIS VAR. MONGOLICA PLANTATION
Ding Bao-yong, Yao Yu-jun, Zhang Zong-zheng, Wang Lu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 143-154.
Abstract
(
2929
)
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For thb purpose of seeking for the effective ways to increase site produotivity, the dyanamic of nutrient elements and tbe biomass of withered andfallen matter of
Pinus sylvestris
. var.
mongolica
plantation which was plan-ted in 1967. were periodically investigated, since 1980, at a test sitein Mao Ershan experimental forest. After 5 years investigation, the researchresults about the distributed pattern of withered and fallen matter and itsnutrient elements were achieved. The dry weight of withered and fallenmatter per hectare is 2790.2 kilogram in which needle leaf account for43.64% of the total dry weight;branch 13.1%;bark 24.28%;cone 6.89%;broad leaf 11.85%;branch of broad-leaved trees 0.4%. More details about quantitative analysis of the distributed patterns ofwithered and fallen matter and its nutrient elements in different componen-ts, seasons and stands with different age will be discussed in this paper.
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A NEW SPICIES OF RHODODENDION FROM CHINA
Tung shi-lin, Lu zhu
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
2
): 155-156.
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(
2894
)
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MATERIAE NOVAE GENERIS ARTEMISIAE CHINENSIS(Ⅲ)
Ling Yeou-ruenn
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 1-10.
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(
2503
)
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TWO NEW SPECIES OF ASTER L. FROM CHINA
Chen Yi-ling
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 11-16.
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(
3003
)
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578
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NEW TAXA OF CRUCIFERAE FROM SW CHINA
Wang Wen-tsei
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 17-22.
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(
2998
)
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STUDIES ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF TAMARICACEAE IN CHINA
Xi Yi-zhen
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 23-42.
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3000
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The pollen morphology of 30 species and 4 genera of
Tamaricaceae
in China was investigated by means of LM and SEM, of which one species,
Tamarix elongata
was observed with TEM. Pollen grains of the family isopolar, radially symmetrical, subspheroidal or prolete, rarely oblete, 3-lobate-circular or rounded
-
triangular in polar view, ellipsoidal in equato-rial view, 13.9-34.8×13.0-34.8
μ
m in size, 3-colpate, only in a few spe-cies 3-colporoidate, usual colpi long, occasionally almost as long as thepolar axis, and narrow or wide, membrana nearly smooth. Exine 1.5-2
μ
m thick, two layers distinct or indistinct, finely reticulate. The exine ofthe pollen grains in this family under SEM is characterized by coarselynd finely reticulate, and finely perforate, individual species vermiculateprotuberance. TEM reveal that pollen ectexine of
Tamarix elongata
consistof tectum, columella layer and foot layer, tectum with perforation or semitectum. Columella curved or hanged to the inner surface of tectum andno onnect with the food layer an branched and formed reticulum like structure. Endexine indistinct. The pollen morphology of the family has also been compared withthat of
Salix
(
Salicaceae
).
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A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CHINESE PSEUDANTHISTIRIA (GRAMINEAE)
Zhuang Ti-de, Chen Shou-liang
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 43-48.
Abstract
(
2003
)
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NEW TAXA OF RHODODENDRON FROM CHINA
Hu Wen-kuang
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 49-70.
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(
2733
)
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TWO NEW SPECIES OF MICHELIA
Law Yuk-wu, Wu Young-fen
Bulletin of Botanical Research 1988, 8 (
3
): 71-76.
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(
1988
)
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