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Bulletin of Botanical Research 1985 Vol.5 Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select NEW TAXA OF AQUIFOLIACEAE FROM YUNNAN Li Ya-ru Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 1-35.   Abstract （523）      PDF（pc） （4553KB）（318）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select STUDIES ON THE GENUS FRAXINUS L.(OLEACEAE)IN CHINA Sun San-sheng Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 37-70.   Abstract （636）      PDF（pc） （2498KB）（435）       Knowledge map    Save In this paper, it is suggested that we consider "evolutio-nary degree" in dertermining whether "difference between spe-cies" or "variation within species". It is emphasized that these species, which have high evolutionary degree and distribute widely, usually are polymorphic species, hence may be sepa-rated into subspecies. On the contrary, those species, which have low evolutionary degree and distribute strictly, usually are good individual species. Accordingly, this part of the pa-per has discussed following taxa:(1) Fraxinus huangshanensis S. S. Sun, sp. nov. It is a primitive species and distribute stritly. It has been compared with some related species by the aid of statistical methods and coordinative diagrams. (2) Fraxinus floribunda Wall. ssp. insularis (Hemsl.) S. S.Sun, comb. nov. It is a variable species, which widely distributes in the south China and has ever been regarded as F. relusa Champ.It is here considered as a geographical race of F. floribunda Wall. (3) Fraxinus longicuspis S. Z. The species, type from Japan, is a common Ash in the south-eastern China, but has wrongly determined before. Ac-cording to the original description and a lot of available in-formation, it is, in fact, a new record species in China, even if there are a few differences between that in China and in Japan. (4) Fraxinus nigra Marsh. ssp. mardshurica (Rupr.) S. S-Sun, comb. nov. The species, which was determined as F. mandshurica Rupr., is much closely relative to Fraxinus nigra Marsh., na-tive in North America. According to the identities of the cha-racters and the habitats, We consider it as a geographical subspecies of Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Related Articles | Metrics Select STUDY ON THE BIOLOGY OF PLATYCODON GRANDIFLORUM(JACQ)A.DC. Liou Ming-yuan, Fu Cheng-xin Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 71-80.   Abstract （640）      PDF（pc） （1415KB）（298）       Knowledge map    Save The integrated characters of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.)A. DC. have been studied in this paper. It is concerned with morphology, anatomy and cytology;and with some respects of biology especially. There are no distinct differences about morphology and anatomy among different populations. The xylem and phloem form a continuous cylinder. The vessel segments in the stem are scalariform perforations and in the root simple perforations.There are 5-6 colpates in the pollen grain. The chromosomes of the somatic cell are 18.×=9. All of these characters are common in different populations and considered as primitive. Polymorphism of flower color, the blue type and white type, which is correlated with the contents of the saponin exists in populations. The life-span of the seeds stored at low tempera-ture (0°-4℃) can be prolonged to 2 years, but generally, it is only 1 year. The rhythum of the growth and development of Platycodon rgandiflorum from Zhejiang province is different from which in Heilungjiang province. When the seeds come from Zhejiang and grow in Harbin, their growth period is longer and the product of their roots is better than the native ones. In this case, it is evident that the research of plant bio-logy, as shown in this paper, has not only theoratical value but also practical value Related Articles | Metrics Select MATERIAE AD FLORAM EUONYMARUM SICHUANICARUM Ghang Che-yung Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 81-90.   Abstract （472）      PDF（pc） （754KB）（311）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select WOOD ANATOMY OF CHANGBAISONG AND ITS BEARINGS ON CLASSIFICATION Gu An-gen, Wang Li-jun, Gu Yi Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 91-96.   Abstract （527）      PDF（pc） （377KB）（284）       Knowledge map    Save Changbaisong which is distributed (near the Second white River of Antu county) in Changbai mountain has the following names from the identification:1. Pinus funebris Kom. (1901) [8];2. Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. f. sylvestriformis Takenou-chi (1942) [8] [9];3. Pinus sylvestris Linn. var. sylvestriformis Cheng. et C. D.Chu (1979) [7] [7];4. Pinus sglvestriformis (Takenouchi) Chien (1981) [9];5. Pinus intermedia Gu (1983) [10];6. Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. var. sylvestriformis (Take-nouchi) Ch. L. Wang (1982) [11]. The internal wall of ray tracheid in Changbaisong wood structure has deep saw-teeth, and this, the author believes that it is much similar to Pinus sylvestris Linn. However, the hori-zontal wall of wood ray parenchyma cell has no pits, and there are bordered pits on the tangential wall of the tracheid in se-veral rows of late wood. From the points of the above, the author thinks that the Changbaisong has the features of P.densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. Obviously, the Changbaisong has the characteristics of the wood structure of the two pines, but it even more belong in P. densiflora Sieb. et Zicc. Therefore, we suppose that the Changbaisong should be named as P. densi-flora Sieb. et Zucc. var. sylvestriformis (Takenouchi) Ch. L.Wang. Related Articles | Metrics Select STUDY ON ACERACEAE OF NORTHEASTERN CHINA Tung Shi-ling Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 97-111.   Abstract （590）      PDF（pc） （836KB）（292）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAMETOPHYTES OF PINUS KORAIENSIS Jin Chun-ying Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 113-126.   Abstract （654）      PDF（pc） （3521KB）（325）       Knowledge map    Save The period of pollination of Pinus koraiensis is from June 8 to 20. During June 25-30, pollen grains germinate on the nucella, forming pollen tubes. On August 4, reproductive cells in the pollen grain divide mitotically into the sterile cells and spermatogenous cell. Next year, on June 3, spermatoge-nous cells divide into two male gametes of unequal size. Then in the pollen graint tube, a long ribbon is formed, with starch grain at the first place, followed by the tube nucleus, the ste-rile cell, the big male gamete and the small male gamete. Functional megaspores of P. kolaiensis divide five times du-ring July 5 to September 23, producing 32 free nuclei, then go into dormancy. In the next spring, free nuclei divide again.At the end of May, cell walls of female gametophytes are for-med between free nuclei. At the sametime, the archegonium initial is formed at the microphyle end of the female gamete, develo-ping into 1-4 archegonia, mainly 3;archegonium single, cover-ed with a layer of Jacket cells. Neck cells are of 1-2 layers.altogether 4 cells. on June 4, central cells begin to divide, con-tinuing the division till June 10, forming ventral canal cell and egg cell. From June 11. fertilization begins at the upper middle part of the egg cell. Related Articles | Metrics Select A STUDY ON THE GENUS LAGOCHILUS OF CHINA Liu Guo-jen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 127-144.   Abstract （508）      PDF（pc） （1012KB）（297）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select TWO NEW SPECIES OF TILIA FROM SHANDONG Liang Shu-bin Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 145-149.   Abstract （378）      PDF（pc） （267KB）（301）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF PINUS FROM CHINA Zhang Han-jie Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 151-155.   Abstract （488）      PDF（pc） （685KB）（294）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS FROM SHANDONG Li Fa-zeng Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 157-159.   Abstract （570）      PDF（pc） （318KB）（265）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS ARISAEMA MART. Li Hen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 161-164.   Abstract （554）      PDF（pc） （206KB）（238）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF ENKIANTHUS LOUR.FROM HUNAN Fang Ming-yuan Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 165-168.   Abstract （523）      PDF（pc） （205KB）（224）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS PARIS Wang Shu-fen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 169-172.   Abstract （510）      PDF（pc） （860KB）（264）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select SPECIES NOVA GENERIS ORMOSIAE E SICHUAN Chao Neng Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 173-175.   Abstract （658）      PDF（pc） （183KB）（219）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF RIBES FROM HUNAN Yang Chang-you, Qi Cheng-jin Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 177-179.   Abstract （443）      PDF（pc） （158KB）（213）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select THE FIRST RECORDS OF PYRROSIA TRICUSPIS (SW.)TAGAWA IN CHINA Deng Mao-bin, Wang Xi-qu Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 181-182.   Abstract （551）      PDF（pc） （126KB）（207）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW VARIETY OF THE GENUS CANTHIUM LAM.(RUBIACEAE)FROM HAINAN Fu Guo-ai Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (1): 183-185.   Abstract （525）      PDF（pc） （299KB）（201）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select MATERIAE NOVAE GENERIS ARTEMISIAE CHINENSIS(Ⅱ) Ling Yeou-ruenn Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 1-19.   Abstract （370）      PDF（pc） （1047KB）（291）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select LATE TRIASSIC PLANTS FROM XINLONG, SICHUAN PROVINCE Chen Ye, Chen Ming-hong, Kong Zhao-chen, Yang Xian-he Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 21-47.   Abstract （510）      PDF（pc） （7137KB）（241）       Knowledge map    Save The present paper deals with fossil plants belonging to 28 genera and 48 species. Fossils were collected from Yingzhuni-anga Formation and Lamaya Formation in Xinlong District, Sichuan province. In this flora the dominant group is Filicopsida (8 genera and 15 species).Of which members of Dipteridaceae, Marattiaceae and Osmundaceae are abundent. Cycadophyta consists of 6 genera and 11 species. Ginkgoales and Coniferales are rich, Pteridospermae consists of Ptilozamites, Lepidopteris and Ctenozamites (1 speciesper genus). The characters of this flora closely resembles Yipinglang flora of Yunnan, Late Triassic flora of Hunan and Jiangxi, Xujiahe and Qinghe of Sichuan, Eastern Xizang, Tonkin flora of Vietnam, Nariwa flora of Japan and East Greenland flora etc. but this flora is younger than the Daqiaodi flora found in Baoding. The age of the flora is assigned to middle Keuper-Rhaetic stage of late Triassic, The climatic of Xinlong District in that time was tropical-subtropical. Related Articles | Metrics Select NEW TAXA OF COCHLIANTHUS AND SPATHOLOBUS FROM CHINA Wei Chao-fen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 49-60.   Abstract （519）      PDF（pc） （658KB）（304）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select THE ALKALOIDS OF ZANTHOXYLUM AND PROBLEM ON THE COMBINATION OF TWO SUBGENERA Tu Zhi-ben Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 61-69.   Abstract （456）      PDF（pc） （464KB）（290）       Knowledge map    Save Phytochemical analyses have been made on the alkaloids in secondary content of several species in subgen. Zanthoxylum and Fagara of family Rutaceae. Their results show the similarities of two biogenic ways and their alkaloids existing in various species of two subgenera. The evidence provided by phytochemistry supports an ar-gument for subgen. Fagara as a synonym. of gen. Zanthoxylum. Related Articles | Metrics Select A REVISION OF THE GENUS CHIRITA(GESNERIACEAE)IN CHINA(Ⅰ) Wang Wen-tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 71-97.   Abstract （461）      PDF（pc） （1599KB）（277）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select TWO NEW SPECIES OF ASTEROCAPSA FROM NORTHEAST OF CHINA Wang Ce-zhen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 99-104.   Abstract （456）      PDF（pc） （649KB）（276）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select THE STUDY LEAF EPIDERMIS AT THE SECTIONAL LEVEL ON CHINESE SETARIA Chen Shou-liang, Jin Yue-xing, Wu Zhu-jun, Sheng Guo-ying Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 105-112.   Abstract （536）      PDF（pc） （2154KB）（424）       Knowledge map    Save This paper is attempted to study the leaf epidermis about 15 species of Chinese Setaria by current method. The results of our study are summarized as follows:1. The six groups of the structure of leaf epidermis are equal to the six sections of the structure of inflorescence and spikelets in Setaria. 2. The long-cells of different shape, size and the nature of their wall can show the features to divide the subtribe, genus or species exactly. 3. In the structure of leaf epidermis of Setaria especially the shape of the long-cells, the section of Ptychophyllum (A.Braum) Stapf should be as an independent section, the section of Setaria is similar to section Paurochaetium (Hitchc. & Chase) Pilger, section Pennisetoides Tzvel, and section of Panicatrix Stapf, the section Laxispiculosae S. L. Chen et G. Y. Shang is similar to section Pennisetoides Tzvel. by its adalial epidermis and similar to section Sctaria by its abaxial epidermis. Related Articles | Metrics Select NEW TAXA OF THE GENUS TRICHOSANTHES L.(CUCURBITACEAE)FROM CHIHA Chen Shu-kun Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 113-121.   Abstract （494）      PDF（pc） （476KB）（291）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select KARYOTYPE OF SOPHORA FLAVESCENS AIT. Hsu Ping-sheng, Huang Shao-fu Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 123-127.   Abstract （745）      PDF（pc） （462KB）（266）       Knowledge map    Save A karyotype analysis for Sophora flavescens Ait. (Legumino-sae) has been carried out and the number of chromosomes has been found to be 2 n=18, in accord with those reported by Kawakami [3], Hexob [8] and Kodama [4], but disagreeing with the report of 2 n=28 of Nagl [6]. According to the chromosomal terminology defined by Levan and al. [5], the karyotype for-mula is K(2 n)=18=2 M(SAT)+10m+4m(SAT)+2sm. In the light of Stebbins' [7]classification of karyotypic asymmetry, the ka-ryotype belongs to "2A" type and should therefore be considered as a rather primitive one. Aneuploidy is evident in the ancient and diverse genus Sophora L. The genus has a wide range of chromosome num-bers with n=14, 11, 9 and 8, with the most frequent number n=9. It is generally admitted that x=14 is most likely thebasic number for Tribe Sophoreae as a whole, and the number has been originated from polyploid caesalpinioid stock. Sub-sequent evolution has involved descending aneuploidy probably due to framentation as proposed by Yakovlev and others [2].The only species: Sophora japonica, S. affinis and S. chinensis (probably identical with S. japonica as suggested by P. C.Tsoong and al. [1]) heretofore known with n=14 in the genus Sophora are all arborescent, while species with lower numbers ( n=11, 9 and 8) are usually smaller trees or shrubs or even perennial herbs. It seems that the perennials S. flavescens and S. alopecuroides L. as well must be viewed cytologically as de-rived aneuploids from members having a higher basic number in the genus. Related Articles | Metrics Select SOME NEW PLANTS FROM GUIZHOU IN CHINA Xu Zhao-ran, Li Ping-tao Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 129-132.   Abstract （396）      PDF（pc） （691KB）（227）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS POTAMOGETON L.FROM SHAANX Guo You-hao, Sun Xiang-zhong, Wang Hui qin Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 133-135.   Abstract （482）      PDF（pc） （648KB）（264）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select NEW SPECIES QF FUNGI FROM CHANGBAI MOUNTAIN, CHINA(Ⅱ) Wang Gui-zhen Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 137-139.   Abstract （515）      PDF（pc） （178KB）（191）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF PHAIUS(ORCHIDACEAE)FROM SOUTH CHINA Tang Chen-zi, Cheng Shi-jun Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 141-143.   Abstract （430）      PDF（pc） （191KB）（231）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select SOME NEW RECORDS AND RARE TAXA OF ASPERGILLUS OF CHINA Kong Hua-zhong, Qi Zu-tong Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 145-150.   Abstract （438）      PDF（pc） （319KB）（277）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW SPECIES OF PERROTTETIA KUNTH.FROM SICHUAN Chang Che-yung Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 151-154.   Abstract （456）      PDF（pc） （459KB）（256）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A NEW CULTIVATED VARIETY OF JAPANESE LARCH Wang Chan, Chang Sun-yun, Wang Cui-hua, Wang Li-hua Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (2): 155-160.   Abstract （512）      PDF（pc） （1546KB）（206）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select NEW TAXA OF BERBERIS LINN.FROM YUNNAN Bao Shih-ying Bao Shi-ying Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 1-35.   Abstract （479）      PDF（pc） （1741KB）（321）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A REVISION OF THE GENUS CHIRITA(GESNERIACEAE)IN CHINA(Ⅱ) Wang Wen-tsai Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 37-86.   Abstract （616）      PDF（pc） （2712KB）（448）       Knowledge map    Save 1. In the present paper 77 species of the genus Chirita are recognized from China. While accepting the classification con-structed by Wood (1974) and his sectional alignment for the time being, I attempt to give a putative interpretation to the affinities between the three large groups of this genus. The first, Sect. Gibbosaccus, retaining more primitive characters, may be regarded as the primitive one and the second, Sect. Chirita, distinguished from Sect. Gibbosaccus principally by its synsepalous calyx and larger stigma, is more advanced. On the other hand, the third group, Sect. Microchirita, being mono-carpic and having epiphyllous inflorescences and anthers cohe-rent at apex by a small appendage, is somewhat remote phy-logenetically from the other two and may represent an ano-ther evolutionary line. In addition, the important morpholo-ical characters are discussed and the infra-sectional subdivi-sion of Sect. Gibbosaccus and Sect. Chirita is made. A conspec-tus of the classification for the 77 Chinese species is given as follows.Sect. 1. Gibbosaccus. Herbs perennial, seldom annual, acaules-cent, seldom caulescent. Cyme not epiphyllous. Sepals free, seldom connate. Anthers fused face to face, exappendicula-te. Stigma small.Subsect. 1. Sinenses. Herbs perennial, acaulescent. Leaves more or less pubescent, ovate, elliptic or oblong, seldom linear.Ser. 1. Swinglianae. Corolla tube infundibuliform-tubular or campanulate. Filaments irregular. Stigma undivi-ded. (sp. 1-10).Ser. 2. Medicae. Corolla tube infundibuliform-tubular. Fi-laments regular. Stigma 2-lobed. (sp. 11-13).Ser. 3. Fimbrisepalae. Corolla large or moderate in size, with tke tube infundibuliform-tubular. Filaments irre-gular. Stigma 2-lobed. (sp. 14-48).Ser.4. Sinenses. Allied to the preceding series, differing in the bilocular ovary with the lower chamber reduced and sterile. (sp. 49).Ser. 5. Pinnatifidae Allied to the preceding series, differing in the pinnately lobed leaves. (sp. 50).Ser. 6. Pinnatae. Allied to Ser. Sinenses and Ser. Pinnati-fidae, differing in the pinnate leaves. (sp. 51).Ser. 7. Shennungjiaenses. Small herbs. Leaves small. Corol-la moderate in size or small, with the tube tubular or cylindric. Filaments often regular. Stigma 2-lobed or 2-fid, seldom undivided. (sp. 52-56).Ser. 8. Hedyotideac. Leaves narrow-oblong. Sepals conna-te. Corolla small. Filaments subregular. Stigma 2-10-bed. (sp. 57).Subsect. 2. Spinulosae. Herbs perennial, offen acaulescen with ligneous robust rhizomes. Leaves glabrous, linear, remotely spinulose-denticulate at margin. Corolla small. Stigma 2-lobed. (sp. 58-59).Subsect. 3. Cicatricosae. Herbs perennial or annual, caules-cent. Leaves opposite or alternate, ovate or elliptic, pubescent. (sp. 60-62).Sect. 2. Chirita. Allied to the preceding section, differing in the connate sepals and larger stigma.Subsect. 1. Briggsioides. Herbs perennial, acaulescent. Flo-wers arranged in pedunculate cyme. Stigma 2-lobed or 2-fid. (sp. 63-67).Subsect. 2. Urticifoliae. Herbs perennial, seldom annual, caulescent. Leaves opposite, seldom alternate. Flowers arranged in pedunculate cyme. Stigma 2-lobed or 2-fid, seldom undivided.Ser. 1. Urticifoliae. Bracts free. Filaments not tumid. (sp. 68-74).Ser. 2. Infundibuliformes. Bracts connate into a wide-infun-dibuliform involucre Filaments tumid at the middle part. (sp. 75).Subsect. 3. Fasciculiflorae Herbs perennial, caulescent. Lea-ves 3-4 pairs conferted at the stem apex. Flowers axillary. Stigma undivided. (sp. 76).Sect. 3. Microchirita. Herbs mostly annual, caulescent. Cyme epiphyl1ous. Anthers coherent by a small appendage at the apex. Stigma small, 2-fid (sp. 77). 2. The genus Chirita, containing about 120 species, occur in the warm parts of southeastern Asia. Wood (1974) designated southern China and Vietnam, eastern Himalayas to western China, and Thailand and Vietnam as the centres of distribu-tion of Sect. Gibbosaccus, Sect. Chirita and Sect. Microchiritarespectively. Related Articles | Metrics Select MATERIALS OF DAPHNE LINN.FROM CHINA Chang Che-yung Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 87-108.   Abstract （625）      PDF（pc） （2973KB）（373）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select A STUDY ON THE TWO TYPES OF FLOWERS IN SCHNABELIA OLIGOPHYLLA HANDEL-MAZZETTI Su Song-wang Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 109-120.   Abstract （460）      PDF（pc） （730KB）（252）       Knowledge map    Save C. Chein (1964) discovered for the first time the two types of flowers, chasmogamous and cleistogamous in genus Schnabelia. Based on the materials available, he then pointed out that the problem whether the two types of flowers of the genus Schnabelia existed on the same individual plants or on the different individuals still remained unclear, and that they seemed to be on the different plants. The present research in to S. oligophylla Hand.Mazz.collected from Qimen of Anhui Province make it distinct that the two types of flowers undoubtedly exist on the same plant.So far as the time of their appearance is concerned, the chas-mogamous flowers precede the cleistogamous ones. As for their positions, they situated themelves separately on their own cy-mes, and come out of the leaf axils above the near base, at the same time the cleistogamous ones do out the lowest base of the chasmogamous flower's peduncle after these flowers wi-thering. The occurrence of the cleistogamous flowers probably has something to do with the inf1uence of the environmen-tal factors. Having transplanted some S. oligophylla from the growing area to Hefei, the author observed after potting it, that the flowers which came out in the year were chasmogamous, while the flowers that appeared early next year were chas-mogamous, and then came out the cleistogamous ones. As for manner of fertilization, a cleistogamous flower is ob-viously that of self-fertilization. The chasmogamous flowers, rich in colour, is suited to entomophilous pollination, but the surface of their anthers is covered with sparse arachnoid hairs. At the time when the alabustrum is just about flower, the top parts of the filaments incurved and the anthers con-tact with one another laterally to form a ring, through which the style just pierces when it extends. Nevertheless, the arachnoid hairs on the surface of the anthers adhere to the branchlets of the style. After flowering, the stamens and the style begin to stretch straight. From this phenomenon may be seen that the chasmogamous flowers probably have the self-fertilization capability, which, when the cross-pol-lination fails ensures the work of self-fertilization. It should be particularly pointed out that having studied the two types of flowers of the genus Schnabelia, the present writer discovered that the two types of flowers of Caryopteris nepetaefolia and Scutillaria indica have quite the same structure as those of the genus Schnabelia too. In the species with the two types of flowers, the manners of fertilization of flowers are altogether differently. Generaly the conspicusous flowers (chasmogamous) are cross-fertilization and cleistogmous only adapt to self-fertilization. It is shown that this genetic system is unprofitable to the populations of cleistogamous of which the two types of flowers exist on the different plants, which finally will lead to completely homo-zygous and become a single biotype consisting of genetically similar individuals. For the species of the two types of flo-wer, on the same individual plant, the genetic system may be better than above one, because such plants not only produce a great many seeds which are the result of self-fertilization, but may also form a favourable gene combination following inter-racial hybridization of chasmogamous. But the author found that interracial hybridization in chasmogamous of S. oligophyl-la appears difficult because of the arachnoid haris on surface of their anthers, which alaways adhere to the branchlets of the style, so the self-fertilization is compelled to facilitate. It is shown that there are some shortages in the chasmogamous of S. oligophylla. Related Articles | Metrics Select TAXA NOVA MAGNOLIACEARUM Law Yuh-wu Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 121-131.   Abstract （429）      PDF（pc） （629KB）（322）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select NEW TAXA OF THE GENUS HEDYSARUN L.IN CHINA Shue Long-zhan Bulletin of Botanical Research    1985, 5 (3): 133-140.   Abstract （373）      PDF（pc） （418KB）（244）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics